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Teaching the teachers: ways of improving teaching and identifying areas for development

ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES 2000年第10期59卷 760-764页

作者： Millard, L lmillard@gpse.ac.uk

Attendance at courses on teaching Attendance at sessions on aspects of teaching, such as lecturing, running tutorials Having one's own teaching observed and commented upon Observing others teaching (learning by example) Discussion of issues, such as planning and evaluating a session, with a respected teacher Reflecting on one's own teaching and trying to identify what aspects are helpful to students' learning and which are not Studying student feedback, whether written or verbal, to identify what students report as being helpful and unhelpful to their learning Mentoring of a new teacher by an experienced colleague Better understanding of what helps students to learn Acquiring techniques-for example, on how to encourage participation or how to lecture effectively Gaining ideas on ways of structuring information to make it more accessible to students Feeling more motivated and more able to engage in teaching Valuing teaching more highly When considering how teaching ability may be developed, it is helpful to bear in mind the breadth of opportunities available and also the varied outcomes which may be sought. (All UK medical schools are currently being assessed by the Quality Assurance Agency under the Quality Assessment of Education scheme.) Recording and then using the results of evaluation constitutes an important quality enhancement loop; quality management and enhancement is one of six areas assessed by the Quality Assessment of Education scheme.

关键词：教育继续/组织和管理教育继续/标准教育医学/组织和管理教育医学/标准人员开发/方法教学/组织和管理教学/标准人类

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Physician leadership is essential to the survival of teaching hospitals

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2000年第6期179卷 462-468页

作者： Schwartz, RW Pogge, C Univ Kentucky Albert B Chandler Med Ctr Dept Surg Coll Med Lexington KY 40536 USA

BACKGROUND: Academic medical centers (AMCs) face severe financial constraints because they must now compete directly with private providers that focus exclusively on cost-effective healthcare delivery. Educational and research capacities developed at AMCs have been supported by government and third party payers, but government support is diminishing. Physicians are ill-equipped to respond to market pressures. DATA SOURCES: Analyses of cultural change and restructuring in corporate giants such as Greyhound, IBM and FedEx are relevant to teaching hospitals. To succeed, organizations must flatten hierarchy, empower staff, train leaders, and mobilize intellectual capital. Effective leadership is essential. CONCLUSION: Physicians must educate themselves on forces impacting the AMC, understand changes needed in the structure and processes of AMC governance and acquire competencies for leadership and management if AMCs are to survive and thrive. Surgeons should acquire competencies that will enable them to become leaders in the process of AMC transformation. (C) 2000 by Excerpta Medica, Inc.

关键词：医学科学研究中心/组织和管理预测卫生保健部门/组织和管理卫生保健部门/标准卫生保健部门/发展趋势医院教学/组织和管理领导医师的作用专业能力美国人类

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An adverse-drug-reaction-reporting system at a teaching hospital in India

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY 2003年第5期60卷 486-487页

作者： Mohan, N Rao, PG Rao, G Coll Pharmaceut Sci Dept Pharm Practice Manipal 576119 Karnataka India Kasturba Med Coll & Hosp Dept Pharmacol Manipal 576119 Karnataka India

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Point of care testing in the accident and emergency department: A cost analysis and exploration of financial incentives to use the technology within the hospital

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Journal of Health Services Research and Policy 1999年第1期4卷 33-38页

作者： Kendall, J.M. Bevan, G. Clancy, M.J. Accident and Emergency Medicine Frenchay Hospital NHS Trust Bristol BS16 1LE Frenchay Park Road United Kingdom

Objectives: To compare the costs of current arrangements for testing emergency blood samples from patients attending an accident and emergency (A and E) department in a large teaching hospital in England with point of care testing (POCT). Methods: Estimates were made of the fixed and variable costs of two options: a supplemental option, in which POCT was introduced to A and E only;and a replacement option, in which POCT was introduced to A and E and the intensive therapy unit (ITU), thereby entirely replacing an existing process. Results: For the supplemental option, current arrangements cost £68,466 in total per year;average costs per test were £5.53 (venous in the central laboratory) and £3.60 (arterial on the ITU). Introducing POCT would increase total hospital costs by £35,929, and average costs per test would be £5.32 (venous) and £4.28 (arterial). For the replacement option, current arrangements cost £132,630 in total, and average cost per test (for all tests) was £4.06. Introducing POCT would make hospital saving ranging from £8332 to £20,000, and average cost per test would be £3.78. Conclusions: Introducing POCT results in lower average costs per test. The supplemental option will result in significantly increased costs to the hospital. The replacement option can lead to significant saving. The internal cross-charging arrangements between departments that exist in this hospital may mean that supplemental implementation of POCT could be potentially 'profitable' for the A and E department, but would result in higher expenditure for the hospital as a whole.

关键词：血液化学分析/经济学数据收集急诊室医院/经济学急诊室医院/组织和管理英格兰卫生服务研究医院费用/统计学和数值数据医院教学/经济学医院教学/组织和管理实验室医院/经济学床旁诊断化验信息系统/经济学政策制订人类

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Academic internal medicine: Challenges and opportunities - Part I

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2000年第6期108卷 525-529页

作者： Ibrahim, T

At the beginning of the 21st century, the US health-care system presents a challenging contradiction to politicians and policy makers, providers and patients. By most comparisons, the United States offers superior care, while leading the world in innovation, technology, and training. Paradoxically, the United States also has the most expensive, complex, and inadequate health-care system in the world.

关键词：费用控制卫生保健提供/组织和管理全体教工医学院校/组织和管理诈骗/预防和控制卫生经费支出/统计学和数值数据卫生经费支出/发展趋势医院教学/组织和管理内科学/教育内科学/组织和管理未参加医疗保险者/统计学和数值数据组织改革人员选用院校医学/组织和管理美国人类

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规范临床教学管理提高教学质量

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临床护理杂志 2003年第2期2卷 65-66页

作者：邱明玲江苏南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院淮安223300

为了使护生尽快适应角色转变,保证临床实习质量,在临床教学中,加强规范化管理是关键环节。笔者总结本院2001～2002年对两届200多名护生的临床实习进行规范化管理:(1)规范教学管理体系;(2)强化临床教学中关键环节;(3)规范教学质量评价。... 详细信息

为了使护生尽快适应角色转变,保证临床实习质量,在临床教学中,加强规范化管理是关键环节。笔者总结本院2001～2002年对两届200多名护生的临床实习进行规范化管理:(1)规范教学管理体系;(2)强化临床教学中关键环节;(3)规范教学质量评价。实践证明:规范化管理使护生经过1年临床实习后,具有扎实的理论知识,较强的实践技能,取得良好的效果。

关键词：临床医学/教育教学/组织和管理学生,护理质量控制

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STUDENTS PERFORMANCE VS HOSPITAL PERFORMANCE IN THE LABOR-MARKET FOR MEDICAL INTERNS AND RESIDENTS - DO HOSPITALS PERFORM BETTER DUE TO ASYMMETRY IN INFORMATION AVAILABLE TO THEM RELATIVE TO STUDENTS

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JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS 1989年第3期8卷 353-360页

作者： GAFNI, A YUAN, Y MCMASTER UNIV HAMILTON L8N 3Z5ONTARIOCANADA

This paper concerns the labor market for medical interns and residents in the U.S., and in particular, the question of whether the current matching mechanism between graduating medical students and hospitals is 'informationally inefficient'. It was found that overall students performed better than hospital programs in contrast to the common claim that hospitals are more likely to perform better due to seeming superiority in analyzing publicly available information or through access to non-publicly available information. We also conducted a similar analysis for the different specialty programs. In six specialty programs the students' performance was better than hospitals, in two specialty programs the hospitals performance was better than the students and in 14 specialty programs the difference in performance was not statistically different from zero. Thus, only in two cases the hypothesis that the specialty market is informationally inefficient cannot be rejected using the data available. It should be noted that this market is atypical (compared with other labor markets) in that we can test whether it is informationally inefficient by using a practical definition adopted from the field of finance.

关键词：算法决策论效率医院教学/组织和管理信息论实习医师和住院医师职务/组织和管理医学/统计学和数值数据人员管理/方法人员选用/方法回归分析专业性职业美国

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Negotiating a successful affiliation agreement between a hospital and a university, part ii

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Hospital Topics 1984年第2期62卷 2-8页

作者： Hookman, Perry First Institute on Health Contracts The National Health Lawyers Association United States

Part I in the January/February 1984 issue of HOSPITAL TOPICS discussed how such an affiliation can help solve the DRG problem and improve the cost benefit of your capital and operating programs. Part 1 also included an up-to-date list of references on all phases of the subject. Part II takes up the interests of the University, the Hospital Board, the Physician, the Patient, the Third Party Payor and the costs of the affiliation. It will detail entering into a memorandum of agreement between the Hospital and University and the text of such an agreement is given.

关键词：医院社区/组织和管理医院教学/组织和管理组织隶属关系院校医学/组织和管理美国

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强化意识狠抓管理深化改革提高质量:我部强化教学质量管理的主要做法与体会

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基础医学教育 1998年第4期6卷 9-10页

作者：彭华国史先东张宁杨磊刘国章广东广州第一军医大学基础部 510515

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中医院集团临床教学基地建设与管理模式探索

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现代医药卫生 2016年第21期32卷 3395-3397页

作者：朱美玲梁爽周鹏深圳市宝安中医院(集团)院部广东518100

通过中医院集团模式,整合区域优势资源,建立区域医疗中心,并以此作为教学基地,将医疗中心创建为更高质量适应医学生临床实习的区域性临床教学基地;同时,通过创建区域性临床教学基地提升自身内涵,从而提高医院教学、科研水平并确立区域... 详细信息

通过中医院集团模式,整合区域优势资源,建立区域医疗中心,并以此作为教学基地,将医疗中心创建为更高质量适应医学生临床实习的区域性临床教学基地;同时,通过创建区域性临床教学基地提升自身内涵,从而提高医院教学、科研水平并确立区域性中医教学、科研中心的地位。通过探索中医院集团中医学临床教育基地建设方法及管理模式,为医学生提供高质量师资、教学设施和教学环境,培养优秀的适应社会发展的毕业生,以促进中医医疗、教学、科研的发展。

关键词：教育中医医院教学/组织和管理医院集团基地建设

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