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Inpatient and outpatient outcomes in Missouri's alcohol and drug treatment programs

Journal of Health and Social Policy 1993年第2期5卷 67-76页

作者： Hartmann, D.J. Sullivan, W.P. Wolk, J.L. Department of Sociology Southwest Missouri State University Springfield MO 65804 United States

A comparison of the effectiveness of inpatient and outpatient services for alcohol and drug clients is presented. Controls for program completion and severity of substance use on entry to treatment are included. While inpatients do only as well as outpatients overall, inpatient services show significant advantage for particular classes of clients. Results, though preliminary, suggest that the recent call for a cutback in inpatient services is premature.

关键词：酒精中毒/治疗数据收集住院病人/统计学和数值数据密苏里多元分析门诊病人/统计学和数值数据方案评价/统计学和数值数据回顾性研究物质滥用治疗中心/标准物质相关性障碍/治疗治疗结果人类

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Is an “ideal” service institution image the same for all referral sources? The case of chemical dependency treatment programs

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Journal of Hospital Marketing 1993年第2期7卷 101-120页

作者： Johnson, Kerenami Latour, Michael S. Old Dominion University United States Auburn University United States

In a competitive market like chemical dependency treatment, segmenting the professional referral market according to an ‘ideal’ service image may offer a service institution a strategic advantage. Results of this study suggest that while different professionals in a referral market may attach differential importance to the same service feature, a favorable or unfavorable ‘image’ seems to encompass how well both the professional and the professionals’ client are treated by the service institution. © 1993 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词：方差分析标志和徽章集中研讨小组卫生服务使用研究人名组织文化方案评价/统计学和数值数据问卷调查转诊和会诊/统计学和数值数据美国西南部物质滥用治疗中心/标准物质滥用治疗中心/利用人类

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Reaching Children of the Uninsured and Underinsured in Two Rural Wisconsin Counties: Findings from a Pilot Project

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The Journal of Rural Health 1993年第1期9卷 40-49页

作者： Clarridge, Brian R. Newman, Kathleen M. Center for Survey Research University of Massachusetts—Boston Boston Massachusetts 02125–3393 100 Morrissey Blvd. Healey Library 10th Floor United States

Abstract: Debates about the accessibility, costs, and coverages of health care for the population at large have recently accelerated. This paper addresses some of the demographic, health, and fiscal ramifications of creating a preventive health care bridge to children in uninsured and underinsured families in two rural Wisconsin counties. The study findings revealed that the initial health status of children making a preventive health visit under a minimal copayment plan was noticeably worse than the status of those who had the free Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment (EPSDT) program available to them on a more or less continual basis. Upon their first visit, the children who did not have access to a free EPSDT program had a greater number of medical and dental health problems and fewer preventive dental care visits than their EPSDT contemporaries. Beyond a greater number of problems, however, we found no noticeable differences between the two groups in the types of health problems present (i.e. the clinical distribution of the problems was similar across the two groups). This paper also contrasts referral completion rates and rates of diagnostic confirmation of identified problems between the two groups. Finally, we provide estimates of the cost of coverage for each unprotected child. Copyright © 1993, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

关键词：青少年成年人儿童儿童保健服务/组织和管理儿童保健服务/利用儿童学龄前费用分担/标准成本及成本分析/统计学和数值数据女(雌)性健康状况人类婴儿新生男(雄)性普查/组织和管理普查/利用 Medicaid/组织和管理 Medicaid/利用未参加医疗保险者试点项目方案评价/统计学和数值数据农村卫生美国威斯康星

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STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A HEALTH-RISK REDUCTION PROGRAM

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EVALUATION & THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS 1991年第1期14卷 88-99页

作者： SMITH, MF BENJAMINBOBROFF, L UNIV FLORIDA GAINESVILLEFL 32611

A program titled Contemporary Concerns about Food and Health (CCFH) was developed by the Florida Cooperative Extension Service after research in five counties showed 30%-74% of 2,308 middle-aged citizens to have three or more characteristics that placed them at above-average risk for developing diseases such as cardiovascular disease, adult-onset diabetes, and cirrhosis. CCFH addressed the effects of dietary and other practices that contribute to such lifestyle-related diseases. This article describes the test of the effectiveness of this program in increasing participant knowledge about the causes and preventions of health risk and in motivating them to make healthful risk-reducing changes in their lifestyles. A comparison, four-group, quasi-experimental design was used to study the program in five counties. The four groups included (a) those who participated only in CCFH lessons; (b) lesson participants who had also completed a computerized healthrisk profile; (c) a random sample of persons who completed only the health profile; and (d) a control group randomly selected to match both groups of lesson participants closely in age, sex, race, and county of residence. Results showed that lesson participants knew the answers to a significantly greater number of knowledge items than did the comparison groups, and they reported making more, and more important, changes in their lifestyles for reducing their risks of developing health problems.

关键词：数据收集膳食佛罗里达健康行为健康促进/统计学和数值数据生活方式方案评价/统计学和数值数据问卷调查危险因素吸烟成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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HEALTH DECISION MAKERS PERCEPTIONS OF PROGRAM-EVALUATION - RELATIONSHIP TO PURPOSE AND INFORMATION NEEDS

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EVALUATION & THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS 1992年第4期15卷 405-419页

作者： CARPINELLO, SE NEWMAN, DL JATULIS, LL SUNY ALBANY ALBANYNY 12222 RUSSELL SAGE COLL TROYNY 12180

This study investigates alternate reasons for conducting program evaluation in community health care settings and their relationships with information needs. One hundred thirty-six community health rare decision makers were used in this survey. Results of a factor analysis indicated three major purposes for conducting program evaluation, listed in order of use: accreditation, true evaluation, and pseudoevaluation. A second analysis on need for information showed little differences in responses. Five factors were identified: descriptive information for validity/credibility, opinions, financial information, action information, and empirical information for validity/credibility. There was no relationship between the five types of information needs and accreditation, suggesting that accreditation was a symbolic use of evaluation;however, information needs were predictors of true evaluation and pseudo/quasi evaluation. Regression analyses indicated that descriptive information providing evidence of validity/credibility was predictive of the purpose of true evaluation whereas empirical and descriptive evidence of validity/credibility were predictors of quasi/pseudo evaluation. Information for decision makers acted as a suppressor variable

关键词：决策组织评价研究因素分析统计学纽约组织目标方案评价/方法方案评价/统计学和数值数据问卷调查回归分析

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Hospital successes and failures indicate change in hospital marketing

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Journal of Hospital Marketing 1993年第2期7卷 11-18页

作者： Krampf, Robert F. Miller, Darryl W. Graduate School of Management Kent State University United States

Marketing has become an essential management function for hospitals during the past decade. A number of changes have occurred in hospital marketing as they have progressed through the marketing adoption process. A survey of Hospital CEOs reporting hospital successes and failures in the area of marketing have recently placed emphasis on sales and advertising based upon marketing research programs thus indicating entrance into the ‘Integrated Tactical Marketing’ phase. This study also indicates that a few hospitals have entered the ‘Strategic Marketing Orientation’ phase while future plans reported by the CEOs provide evidence that this trend is likely to continue. © 1993 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词：院长医院数据收集医院管理/发展趋势卫生服务使用研究/方法卫生服务使用研究/统计学和数值数据组织改革方案评价/统计学和数值数据美国

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Evaluating the effectiveness of a smoking cessation intervention designed for nurses

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING STUDIES 1999年第4期36卷 301-311页

作者： Rowe, K Clark, JM Univ Southampton Fac Med & Hlth Sch Nursing & Midwifery Southampton SO16 6YD Hants England Queens Univ Belfast Belfast BT7 1LQ Antrim North Ireland

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of offering an individualised approach to smoking cessation to qualified nurses and student nurses in Northern Ireland, Twenty-two qualified nurses and 32 student nurses enrolled in the intervention. A further 23 qualified nurses and 33 student nurses expressed interest in giving up smoking, bur did not wish to be included in the intervention, They were assigned to the comparison group. Objective verification utilising salivary cotinine measurements of continuous abstinence at 6 months and 1 year demonstrated that 24% of student and qualified nurses in the intervention groups stopped smoking compared with 7% of those in the comparison groups. Both of these differences are statistically significant (Fisher's Exact Probability Test p = < 0.05). This suggests that the individualised approach as used in this study is an appropriate method of helping motivated nurses to quit. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词：医务工作者的态度北爱尔兰护士/心理学护士/统计学和数值数据护士男/心理学护士男/统计学和数值数据方案评价/方法方案评价/统计学和数值数据问卷调查戒烟/方法戒烟/统计学和数值数据学生护理/心理学学生护理/统计学和数值数据时间因素青少年成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Meeting the Health Care Needs of Rural Elderly: Client Satisfaction with a University‐Sponsored Nursing Center

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The Journal of Rural Health 1992年第4期8卷 305-310页

作者： Giltinan, Janice M. Murray, Karen T. Nursing Department Edinboro University of Pennsylvania Edinboro Pennsylvania United States Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing Case Western Reserve University Cleveland Ohio United States

Responding to health care needs of the elderly has presented great challenges for health care professionals. These problems are compounded in rural communities by physical and social isolation, increased poverty, and lack of transportation. An innovative approach to meeting health needs of rural elderly is through nursing centers. Through an emphasis on health promotion and maintenance of optimal level of functioning, these primary health care facilities can foster independence and self‐care for this targeted population. In addition, nursing centers serve as clinical sites for student learning experiences and settings for nursing research. This article focuses on a nursing center established at Edinboro University of Pennsylvania (EUP), which tailors its services to the elderly living in Edinboro. Results of a client satisfaction survey, based on the Risser Patient Satisfaction Instrument, are described in addition to patterns of nursing center usage, general categories of care, teaching interventions, referrals, counseling, and frequency of visits. Findings from the survey indicated a general high client satisfaction level with nursing care received at the center. Discussion also includes plans to expand services to elderly in the community through home visits. Copyright © 1992, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

关键词：病人满意度/统计学和数值数据宾夕法尼亚方案评价/统计学和数值数据农村卫生大学/组织和管理人类

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Assessment of methodological practices in the evaluation of alcohol and other drug (AOD) abuse prevention

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Journal of Health and Social Policy 1997年第2期9卷 1-19页

作者： Brounstein, P.J. Emshoff, J.G. Hill, G.A. Stoil, M.J. Conwal Incorporated McLean VA 22101 6858 Old Dominion Drive United States

No authoritative consensus has been achieved on which substance abuse prevention activities are effective for given populations. One response to concern about 'what works' took the form of a National Structured Evaluation (NSE), mandated by the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988. The present paper describes the NSE's pivotal task of determining whether evaluation methodologies applied to substance abuse prevention were adequate to produce credible findings. The lessons learned from this evaluation experience, in turn, offer guidance on changes that must be made in the application of evaluation methodology prior to a conclusive demonstration of the value of prevention efforts.

关键词：酒精中毒/预防和控制药品和麻醉品检定/经济学药品和麻醉品检定/立法和法学筹资政府预防卫生服务/标准方案评价/方法方案评价/统计学和数值数据研究设计抽样研究物质相关性障碍/预防和控制美国人类

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An evaluation of the Baltimore Community Lead Education and Reduction Corps (CLEARCorps) program

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EVALUATION REVIEW 1998年第3期22卷 373-402页

作者： Duckart, JP 1]The Shriver Center

This evaluation examines the effectiveness of the Baltimore Community Lead Education and Reduction Corps (CLEARCorps) program in reducing lead dust levels in low-income urban housing in Baltimore, Maryland, through minor lead-reduction activities and tenant lead-poisoning prevention education. Lead dust data collected before and after lead-reduction activities show statistically significant mean declines for floors, window sills, and window wells. Limited data using sign tests also show that follow-up lead dust levels collected 6 months after the CLEARCorps intervention were significantly lower than preintervention lead levels, although there are many important limitations of this analysis, the findings suggest that in-place management may be an effective method in reducing childhood lead poisoning in high-risk areas.

关键词：巴尔的摩儿童福利/统计学和数值数据社区网络/统计学和数值数据置信区间粉尘/分析环境监测/方法环境监测/统计学和数值数据环境污染/分析健康教育/统计学和数值数据住房/标准铅/分析铅中毒/流行病学铅中毒/预防和控制纵向研究规划制订/标准方案评价/统计学和数值数据市区人口儿童儿童学龄前女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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