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A method for bacteriocin quantification

JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 1999年第6期87卷 907-914页

作者： Cabo, ML Murado, MA González, MP Pastoriza, L CSIC Inst Invest Marinas Vigo 36208 Pontevedra Spain

Different aspects of the most commonly used assay methods in the study of bacteriocins were examined. The conditions under which extraction and incubation (including exposure time) take place were analysed, and several different formal models that are usually employed to calculate ID50 were compared. As an alternative designed to overcome the problems which characterize the response of micro-organisms that are sensitive to bacteriocins, an operative procedure in a liquid medium and a modified re-parameterized logistic equation is proposed. When applied to the inhibition of Leuconostoc mesenteroides by nisin, the model allows an optimal experimental procedure to be defined.

关键词：细菌素类/分离和提纯细菌素类/药理学培养基食品微生物学氢离子浓度半数抑制浓度乳乳球菌/化学明串珠菌属/药物作用明串珠菌属/生长和发育微生物敏感性试验模型生物学鲑/微生物学动物

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Dose-response relationships.: A model for describing interactions, and its application to the combined effect of nisin and lactic acid on Leuconostoc mesenteroides

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2000年第5期88卷 756-763页

作者： Cabo, ML Murado, MA González, MP Pastoriza, L CSIC Marine Res Inst Vigo 36208 Pontevedra Spain

As well as producing bacteriocins, many lactic bacteria produce other potentially toxic compounds or growth inhibitors, especially lactic acid, which may interfere in the assays commonly used to quantify these peptides. A systematic set of modifications is proposed which, when applied to the logistical equation, enable it to describe the combined (but not additive) effects of two or more active principles. The general model thus derived is applied to the interaction of nisin and lactic acid on Leuconostoc mesenteroides.

关键词：抗菌药/药理学剂量效应关系药物复方合剂乳酸/药理学明串珠菌属/药物作用 Logistic模型乳链球菌素/药理学

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Influence of phenolic compounds on the physiology of OEnococcus oeni from wine

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2000年第6期88卷 1065-1071页

作者： Reguant, C Bordons, A Arola, L Rozès, N Univ Rovira & Virgili CeRTA Unitat Enol Dept Bioquim & Biotecnol E-43005 Tarragona Catalonia Spain

This study shows that the growth of OEnococcus oeni CECT 4100 in a synthetic medium is affected by phenolic compounds in different ways, depending on their type and concentration. Generally they have no effects at low concentrations, but hydroxycinnamic acids are inhibitory at high concentrations. Malolactic fermentation was stimulated in the presence of catechin and quercetin, but increasingly delayed with increasing amounts of p-coumaric acid. Gallic acid appeared to delay or inhibit the formation of acetic acid from citric acid. This could lead to a better control of malolactic fermentation and suppress the increase in volatile acidity, which is undesirable in the wine-making process.

关键词：醋酸/分析儿茶素/药理学柠檬酸/分析柠檬酸/代谢香豆酸类/药理学乙醇食品工业食品微生物学没食子酸/药理学革兰氏阳性球菌/药物作用革兰氏阳性球菌/生长和发育革兰氏阳性球菌/代谢明串珠菌属/药物作用明串珠菌属/生长和发育明串珠菌属/代谢苹果酸盐/代谢丙酸盐类槲皮素/药理学葡萄酒/微生物学

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Selective control of lactobacilli in kimchi with nisin

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LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2000年第3期30卷 173-177页

作者： Choi, MH Park, YH Ajou Univ Dept Mol Sci & Technol Suwon 442749 South Korea

The use of nisin to control the lactobacilli responsible for the over-ripening of kimchi, traditional Korean fermented vegetables, was studied. Of the 40 strains of lactic acid bacteria studied, most were sensitive to nisin at a concentration of 100 IU ml(-1), while two strains appeared to be resistant. In MRS broth containing nisin at concentrations of 100-300 IU ml(-1), the growth of sensitive strains of Lactobacillus plantarum was delayed for 2-3 d at 20 degrees C. When nisin was added to kimchi at a concentration of 100 IU ml(-1), the growth of Lactobacillus spp. was inhibited more than the growth of Leuconostoc spp. Scanning electron micrograph observations confirmed the results, demonstrating the predominance of cocci in kimchi containing nisin. These results suggest that at recommended levels, nisin can be used to preserve kimchi by inhibiting lactobacilli more effectively than other lactic acid bacteria involved in kimchi fermentation.

关键词：抗菌药/药理学发酵/药物作用食品微生物学氢离子浓度朝鲜乳杆菌属/药物作用乳杆菌属/生长和发育乳杆菌属/分离和提纯明串珠菌属/药物作用明串珠菌属/生长和发育微生物敏感性试验显微镜检查电子扫描乳链球菌素/药理学种特异性温度时间因素蔬菜/微生物学

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SURFACE COAT TRANSFORMATION AND CAPSULE FORMATION BY LEUCONOSTOC-MESENTEROIDES NCDO 523 IN PRESENCE OF SUCROSE

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ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY 1976年第1-2期111卷 99-104页

作者： BROOKER, BE NATL INST RES DAIRYING READING RG2 9AT BERKSHIRE ENGLAND

When L. mesenteroides NCDO 523 was grown in MRS [de Man-Rogosa-Sharpe] broth, EM of cells fixed in the presence of Ru red showed that the cell wall was covered with a thin layer of filamentous material. When MRS-grown cells were resuspended in the same medium supplemented with 3.6% sucrose, this surface coat doubled in thickness and a number of radial thickenings appeared within it. After 3 h the filamentous component of the surface coat had disappeared, having only the radial projections. The progressive accumulation of polymer to produce a capsule visible by light microscopy was observed in .apprx. 20% of the population. In this minority of cells, a dense globular dextran composed of fibrillar and particulate elements was always produced in the initial stages of synthesis. After 18 h the dextran capsule was generally composed of an inner globular and outer fibrillar layer. The outer layer was apparently derived from the globular dextran of the capsule by a process of dispersion.

关键词：细胞壁/超微结构右旋糖酐类/代谢明串珠菌属/药物作用明串珠菌属/代谢明串珠菌属/超微结构显微镜检查电子多糖类细菌/生物合成蔗糖/药理学

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PRODUCTION, PURIFICATION, AND PROPERTIES OF DEXTRANSUCRASE FROM LEUCONOSTOC-MESENTEROIDES NRRL B-512F

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CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH 1979年第1期68卷 95-111页

作者： ROBYT, JF WALSETH, TF Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 U.S.A.

The production of dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-512F was stimulated 2-fold by the addition of 0.005% of calcium chloride to the medium; levansucrase levels were unaffected. Dextransucrase was purified by concentration and dialysis of the culture supernatant with a Bio-Fiber 80 miniplant, and by treatment with dextranase followed by chromatography on Bio-Gel A-Fm. A 240-fold purification, with a specific activity of 53 U/mg, was obtained. Contaminating enzyme activities of levansucrase, invertase, dextranase, glucosidase, and sucrose phosphorylase were decreased to non-detectable levels. Poly(acrylamide)-gel electrophoresis of the purified enzyme showed only two protein bands, both of which had dextransucrase activity. These bands also gave a carbohydrate stain, indicating that the dextransucrase could be a glycoprotein. Acid hydrolysis, followed by paper chromatography, of the purified enzyme showed that the major carbohydrate was mannose. Concanavalin A completely removed dextransucrase activity from solution, confirming the mannoglycoprotein character of the enzyme. Dextransucrase activity was not altered by the addition of 0.008-4 mg/ml of dextran, but its storage stability was increased by the addition of 4 mg/ml of dextran. As previously shown by others, the activity of dextransucrase was decreased by EDTA, and was restored by the addition of calcium ions. Zinc, cadmium, lead, mercury, and copper ions were inhibitory to various degrees.

关键词：氯化钙/药理学右旋糖酐类依地酸/药理学葡糖转移酶类/分离和提纯葡糖转移酶类/代谢明串珠菌属/药物作用明串珠菌属/酶学方法蔗糖

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Characterization of the mesB gene and expression of bacteriocins by Leuconostoc mesenteroides Y105

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CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY 1999年第5期39卷 265-269页

作者： Héchard, Y Berjeaud, JM Cenatiempo, Y CNRS Mol Biol Lab ESA 6031 IBMIG F-86022 Poitiers France

Leuconostoc mesenteroides Y105, previously described for production of mesentericin Y105, an anti-listeria bacteriocin, was shown to secrete a second bacteriocin. The latter was purified, and its molecular mass of 3446 Da, obtained by mass spectrometric analysis, indicates that this bacteriocin should be identical to mesenterocin 52B [Revol-Junelles et al;, Lett Appl Microbiol 23:120, 1996]. This second bacteriocin produced by L. mesenteroides Y105 was named mesentericin B105. Its structural gene, mesB, was then localized by a reverse genetic approach, cloned. and sequenced. MesB was found on the pHY30 plasmid, next to mesY gene clusters. Curing experiments led to isolation of two L. mesenteroides Y105 derivatives, named L. mesenteroides Y29 and Y30. The latter had lost pHY30 plasmid, encoding bacteriocin determinants, therefore explaining its phenotype (MesY-, MesB-). On the contrary, Y29 derivative still harbors the pHY30 but did not produce any bacteriocin. Thus, its phenotype could Likely result from a point mutation within a gene, probably encoding a protein involved in production of both mesentericin Y105 and mesentericin B105.

关键词：氨基酸序列细菌素类/生物合成细菌素类/遗传学细菌素类/分离和提纯细菌素类/药理学染色体图克隆分子基因细菌明串珠菌属/药物作用明串珠菌属/遗传学明串珠菌属/代谢利斯特菌属/药物作用质谱分析法微生物敏感性试验分子序列数据序列分析 DNA

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SYNTHESIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF SOME CHLORO ANALOGS OF 3-AMINO-3,4-DIHYDRO-1-HYDROXYCARBOSTYRIL

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JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 1975年第7期18卷 752-755页

作者： DAVIS, AL CHAMBERS, WH KELLEY, DH FELL, DA HAYNES, JR HULME, KL GAGE, LD MCCORD, TJ ABILENE CHRISTIAN COLL DEPT CHEMABILENETX 79601

The effects of a chloro substituent upon the microbiological activities of 3-amino-3,4-dihydro-1-hydroxycarbostyril were determined. The 5-, 6-, and 7-chloro analogs were synthesized by reductive cyclizations of the appropriately chloro-substituted o-nitrophenylalanines, while the 8-chloro analog was obtained from the N-trifluoroacetyl-3-chloro-2-nitrophenylalanine ethyl ester. All of these compounds were observed to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli 9723, Leuconostoc dextranicum 8086, and Lactobacillus plantarum 8014. The relative inhibitory activities of the chloro analogs were 7-Cl greater than 6-Cl greater than 8-Cl greater than 5-Cl in E. coli and 7-Cl greater than 6-Cl greater than 8-Cl = 5-Cl in L. dextranicum and L. plantarum. In each of the three microorganisms, the 7-Cl analog was a more effective growth inhibitor than the parent unsubstituted compound. The growth inhibitory activities of this class of compounds were demonstrated to be much more effective than those of the four corresponding lactams, the 5-, 6-, 7-, and 8-chloro analogs of 3-amino-3,4-dihydrocarbostyril.

关键词：抗菌药/化学合成大肠杆菌/药物作用羟喹啉类/化学合成乳杆菌属/药物作用明串珠菌属/药物作用微生物敏感性试验哌啶类/化学合成哌啶酮类/化学合成哌啶酮类/药理学

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