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Diabetes and oral health promotion: A survey of disease prevention behaviors

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION 2000年第9期131卷 1333-1341页

作者： Moore, PA Orchard, T Guggenheimer, J Weyant, RJ Univ Pittsburgh Grad Sch Publ Hlth Dept Epidemiol Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA Univ Pittsburgh Sch Dent Med Dept Oral Med & Pathol Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA Univ Pittsburgh Sch Dent Med Dept Dent Publ Hlth Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA

Background. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease known to affect oral disease progression. The authors surveyed health behaviors essential for preventing dental and periodontal diseases and maintaining oral health in a population of adult patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. The goals of this study were to assess these patients' oral health behaviors, access to dental care and need for improved health education. Methods. As part of a dental and periodontal examination, 406 subjects with type 1 diabetes completed a questionnaire regarding their oral health attitudes, behaviors and knowledge. The authors also evaluated 203 age-matched nondiabetic control subjects. Results. The authors found that diabetic subjects' tobacco use and oral hygiene behaviors were similar to those of the nondiabetic control subjects. Diabetic subjects, however, more frequently reported the cost of dental care as a reason for avoiding routine visits. Most of these subjects were unaware of the oral health complications of their disease and the need for proper preventive care. Conclusions. Patients with diabetes appear to lack important knowledge about the oral health complications of their disease. The results of this survey did not indicate improved prevention behaviors among the subjects with diabetes compared with nondiabetic control subjects. Clinical Implications. Dentists have an opportunity and the responsibility to promote good oral health behaviors such as regular dental examinations, proper oral hygiene and smoking cessation that may significantly affect the oral health of their diabetic patients.

关键词：饮酒/心理学健康态度病例对照研究牙科医疗/心理学牙科医疗/统计学和数值数据糖尿病 1型/并发症糖尿病 1型/心理学健康教育牙科健康知识态度实践牙周疾病/病因学牙周疾病/预防和控制牙周疾病/心理学吸烟/心理学牙缺失/病因学牙缺失/预防和控制牙缺失/心理学青少年成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Dental care utilization: How saturated is the patient market? (vol 130, pg 573, 1999)

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION 1999年第10期130卷 1430-1430页

作者： Brown, LJ Lazar, VL American Dental Association Health Policy Resources Center

Background. Dental care utilization is the percentage of the population who access dental services over a specified period. In this article, the authors report on the results of several dental care utilization studies. Methods. To date, dental utilization data have been gathered by large national studies via telephone interviews, face-to-face interviews or written surveys. In this article, the authors report on and compare dental care utilization rates provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Center for Health Statistics, the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research and the American Dental Association. Results. As captured by the various studies, the percentage of people who indicated they visited a dentist within the past year increased gradually between 1983 and 1997. The authors found that dental care utilization rates are higher among women than they are among men, and they de- crease with age and increase with income and educational level. Conclusions. Although the available data vary, they suggest that more Americans are visiting a dentist. The demand for dental care is increasing overall, as well as across educational, racial and economic lines. Practice Implications. If, as re- cent studies suggest, approximately 75 percent of the population visits a dentist annually, there is only modest room for further expansion of dental care utilization. However, if dental care utilization rates are substantially lower, as reported in older studies, then there is a greater potential for in- creased dental care utilization.

关键词：年龄因素美国牙科协会美国疾病控治中心数据收集牙科医疗/统计学和数值数据牙科保健服务/统计学和数值数据教育程度人种群/统计学和数值数据收入/统计学和数值数据国家卫生统计中心(美国) 性别因素美国美国卫生保健研究和质量评估署成年人老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Dental services: Use, expenditures and sources of payment, 1987

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION 1999年第4期130卷 500-508页

作者： Manski, RJ Moeller, JF Maas, WR Univ Maryland Sch Dent Dept Oral Hlth Care Delivery Baltimore MD 21201 USA

Background This article pro rides per capita estimates of dental care utilization, expenditures mix of services and sources of payment for each of several socioeconomic and demographic categories. Methods. The focus of the analyses presented here is on dental cafe utilization by the U.S, population during 1987. Specifically, national estimates are provided for dental visits, expenditures, sources of payment and procedure type for each of several socioeconomic and demographic categories using household data from the 1987 National Medical Expenditure Survey, or NMES. Results. During 1987, less that 50 percent of Americans visited a dental office. Americans made approximately 292 million dental visits and received approximately $30 billion worth of dental care, of which $10 billion was paid by insurers, $17 billion was paid out of pocket and $1.6 billion was not reimbursed. Conclusions. These analyses establish the magnitude of the dental care market and the amounts paid by individual patients, private insurance companies and Medicaid. They also reveal that the type of care received varies among people in distinct socioeconomic and demographic groups. Practice Implications. Although the dental care market is substantial, many Americans do not visit a dentist. By understanding these analyses. practitioners will be better positioned to meet the dental needs of all Americans.

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Determining dental checkup frequency

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION 1999年第5期130卷 715-723页

作者： Woolfolk, MW Lang, WP Borgnakke, WS Taylor, GW Ronis, DL Nyquist, LV Univ Michigan Sch Dent Dept Periodont Prevent & Geriatr Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Sch Dent Dept Cariol Restorat Sci & Endodont Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Inst Social Res Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Sch Nursing Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA US Dept Vet Affairs Ann Arbor MI USA

Background, The authors assessed the dental checkup frequency of adults living in the Detroit tricounty area and identified demographic, access and subjective factors associated with visits to a dentist made not because of a dental problem. Methods. Data are from a 1994 probability based sample of adults who were interviewed and received an in-home oral examination. The authors used the variables of age, sex, education level, in-level, dental insurance status, usual place for care, objective measures of oral health, and subjective assessments of health, pain and dental anxiety to predict the frequency of dental checkups. Results, The authors found that differences in dental checkup behavior were related to demographics, access to dental care, subjective ratings of oral and general health and other self-assessments, and clinical parameters of oral health. In multiple logistic regression analysis considering all;variables simultaneously, sex, income, having a usual place for care and level of dental. care anxiety were found to be associated with having dental checkups. The authors determined the statistical significance level at P < .05. Conclusions, A total of 69.7 percent of the study population reported having had a dental check-up at least once a year in the past five years. The authors found that four factors associated with infrequent dental checkups: being male, having lower income levels, not having a usual place for care and being anxious about receiving dental care. Practice Implications. Dental health professionals should consider the correlates of dental checkup frequency identified in this study and the usefulness of proposed strategies to increase and sustain regular preventive visitation patterns in their own patient populations.

关键词：卡方分布牙科医疗/统计学和数值数据牙疾病预防/统计学和数值数据采访(主题)/方法 Logistic模型密执安社会经济因素郊区人口市区人口青少年成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Dental visit survey

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION 1999年第10期130卷 1420-+页

作者： Isman, R Sacramento Calif.

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HIV infection, dental treatment demands and needs among patients seeking dental services at the Muhimbili Medical Centre in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania

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INTERNATIONAL DENTAL JOURNAL 1999年第3期49卷 153-158页

作者： Matee, M Nguvumali, H Lembariti, B Kalyanyama, B Shubi, F Scheutz, F Muhimbili Univ Coll Hlth Sci Fac Med Dept Microbiol & Immunol Dar Es Salaam Tanzania

The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to determine the frequency of HIV infection among dental patients attending the three dental facilities at Muhimbili Medical Centre (MMC) in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania, and to compare the dental treatment demands and needs of the patients found to be HIV-infected with those of their HIV-seronegative counterparts. The facilities were;the dental outpatient department (DOPD) clinic, the dental minor surgery department, and the dental ward. This study which was conducted between March and April, 1996 enrolled a total of 460 patients. The investigations involved detection of anti-HIV IgG antibodies in saliva, examination of oral and peri-oral tissues, and assessment of dental and periodontal status. The overall HIV frequency among the dental patients was 10.9 per cent. The frequencies of HIV infection among patients attending the dental OPD clinic, minor surgery, and those admitted in the dental ward were 9.4 per cent, 26.3 per cent, and 25.0 per cent, respectively. The dental treatment demands and needs of HIV-seropositive patients were not different from that of HIV-seronegative patients. The high frequency of HIV infection calls for institution of infection control measures in the dental clinics. However, such measures need to be tailored for the poor countries, with potentially high frequency of HIV infection and minimal resources, in order to make them relevant.

关键词：门诊医疗/统计学和数值数据横断面研究牙科医疗/统计学和数值数据慢性病患者口腔医疗/统计学和数值数据牙科医院/统计学和数值数据 HIV抗体/分析 HIV感染/流行病学 HIV血清阴性 HIV血清阳性/流行病学卫生服务需求/统计学和数值数据免疫球蛋白G/分析感染控制口腔/统计学和数值数据口腔疾病/流行病学病人接受卫生保健的程度/统计学和数值数据牙周疾病/流行病学唾液/免疫学坦桑尼亚/流行病学牙疾病/流行病学青少年成年人儿童女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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UTILIZATION OF DENTAL SERVICES IN ADULT DANISH POPULATION 1975

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COMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 1976年第6期4卷 221-226页

作者： SCHWARZ, E HANSEN, ER ROY DENT COLL INST GRAD STUDIES DK-2100 COPENHAGEN DENMARK NATL HLTH BOARD DIV DENT DK-2200 COPENHAGEN DENMARK

Lack of information on the dental behavior of adults in Denmark has become a major problem in the national planning of dental services. The purpose of this study was to establish the pattern of utilization of dental services among adult Danes (aged .gtoreq. 15 yr). A 3-stage cluster sampling design covering the total adult population of Denmark was used to draw a representative sample comprising 1600 persons. Household interviews by trained interviewers were carried out. Of the adults interviewed, 58% reported yearly dental visits the last 5 yr, 32% had not seen a dentist or only when in pain and 10% went irregularly. Differences according to place of living, age, sex, occupation and school dental care were found. Of those who had not seen a dentist, 63% reported bad teeth or were edentulous with or without dentures, 10% reported fear, 9% had good teeth and 5% reported economic difficulties. The most frequent treatments at the latest dental visit were cleaning and filling for the regular patients and extractions and dentures for the non-regular patients. A multiple classification analysis revealed that the number of teeth was the strongest predictor for utilization of dental services, with the following predictors in descending order: age, occupation, place of living, economy, sex and school dental care. These variables could explain 58% of the variation in utilization.

关键词：丹麦牙科医疗/统计学和数值数据牙健康调查口腔保健口腔卫生青少年成年人老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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DENTAL INSURANCE AND EQUITY OF ACCESS TO DENTAL SERVICES

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COMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 1976年第6期4卷 215-220页

作者： BARENTHIN, I UNIV UPPSALA AKAD SJUKHUSET DEPT SOCIAL MED S-75014 UPPSALA SWEDEN

The 1st yr consequences of national dental insurance, introduced in Sweden in 1974, are examined here from the point of view of social justice. The concept of equity of access in medical care is discussed. A comparison of use of dental services in 1972, 1973 and 1974 indicates that fewer people visited the dentist after implementation of the insurance than before. Other evidence supports this conclusion. People traditionally considered to be underprivileged as to dental care were compared with other people. One underprivileged group, edentulous persons, received more treatment after the insurance was instituted than before.

关键词：牙科医疗/统计学和数值数据教育程度评价研究(主题) 随访研究保险牙科卫生保健质量社会阶级瑞典青少年成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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