检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Does treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection reduce hepatitis delta virus (HDV) replication in HIV-HBV-HDV-coinfected patients?

引用

ANTIVIRAL THERAPY 2008年第1期13卷 97-102页

作者： Sheldon, Julie Ramos, Belen Toro, Carlos Rios, Pilar Martinezz-Alarcon, Jose Bottecchia, Marcelle Romero, Miriam Garcia-Samamiego, Javier Soriano, Vincent Hosp Carlos III Dept Infect Dis Madrid Spain Hosp Carlos 3 CIBEREHD Hepatol Unit Madrid Spain

Background: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) has a unique replication process that requires coinfection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Treatment is currently limited to interferon therapy. The role of potent nucleos(t)ide analogues active against HBV has not been well examined in chronic delta hepatitis (CDH). Methods: HIV-positive patients with CDH attending our hospital were identified and longitudinally studied. Serum HBV DNA, HDV RNA and HIV RNA, treatment regimens, and biochemical and serological markers were assessed at yearly intervals. Liver fibrosis was measured by transient elastography during the last 2 years. Results: Sixteen patients were identified and treated with anti-HBV therapy (median time 6.1 years). The majority were male and previous intravenous drug users. Median baselines were: HDV RNA 7 log(10) copies/ml, HIV RNA 1.7 log(10) copies/ml, HBV DNA 1.1 log(10) IU/ml and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 98 IU/ml. A significant correlation was found between HDV RNA and HBV DNA (r=0.226, P=0.015), aspartate aminotransferase (r=0.430, P<0.0001), ALT (r=0.441, P<0.0001) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) (r=0.557, P<0.0001). Overall, 13 patients showed a reduction in HDV viraemia and ALT levels, and three of them achieved undetectable HDV RNA and normal ALT levels. Conclusion: Patients undergoing successful anti-HBV therapy with potent nucleos(t)ide analogues seem to indirectly benefit from suppression of HDV replication, albeit not very efficiently. Hypothetically, a significant and sustained reduction in serum HDV RNA might only be seen when a reduction in HBV covalently closed circular DNA or HBV surface antigen is achieved, which may require long periods of successful anti-HBV therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of the benefit of potent anti-HBV nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy in CDH.

关键词： Adult Antiretroviral Therapy Highly Active Antiviral Agents DNA Viral 成年人抗病毒药病毒用药计划表 HIV感染肝炎乙型病毒复制 DNA Antiviral Agents Adults Hepatitis Delta Virus Hepatitis B virus COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH log10 Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Replication-Associated Process RNA Hepatitis B Surface Antigens interferon therapy

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Preoperative shower revisited: Can high topical antiseptic levels be achieved on the skin surface before surgical admission?

引用

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS 2008年第2期207卷 233-239页

作者： Edmiston, Charles E., Jr. Krepel, Candace J. Seabrook, Gary R. Lewis, Brian D. Brown, Kellie R. Towne, Jonathan B. Med Coll Wisconsin Dept Vasc Surg Milwaukee WI 53226 USA

BACKGROUND: Skin asepsis is a sentinel strategy for reducing risk of surgical site infections. In this study, chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) skin concentrations were determined after preoperative showering/skin cleansing using 4% CHG soap or 2% CHG-impregnated polyester cloth. STUDY DESIGN: Subjects were randomized to one of three shower (4% soap)/skin cleansing (2% cloth) groups (n = 20 per group): (group 1 A/B) evening, (group 2 A/B) morning, or (group 3 A/B) evening and morning. After showering or skin cleansing, Volunteers returned to the investigator Is laboratory where CHG skin surface concentrations were determined at five separate skin sites. CHG concentrations were compared with CHG minimal inhibitory concentration that inhibits 90% (MIC90) of staphylococcal skin isolates. RESULTS: CHG MIC90 for 61 skin isolates was 4.8 parts per million (ppm). In group 1A, 4% CHG skin concentrations ranged from 17.2 to 31.6 ppm, and CHG concentrations were 361.5 to 589.5 ppin (p < 0.0001) in group I B (2%). In group 2A (4%), CHG levels ranged from 51.6 to 119.6 ppm and 848.1 to 1,049.6 ppm in group 2B (2%), respectively (p < 0.0001). CHG levels ranged from 101.4 to 149.4 ppm in the 4% CHG group (group 3A) compared with 1,484.6 to 2,031.3 ppm in 2% CHG cloth (group 313) group (p < 0.0001). Effective CHG levels were not detected in the 4% CHG group in selected sites in seven (35%) subjects in group 1A, three (15%) in group 2A, and five (25%) in group 3A. CONCLUSIONS: Effective CHG levels were achieved on most skin sites after using 4% CHG;gaps in antiseptic coverage were noted at selective sites even after repeated application. Use of the 2% CHG polyester cloth resulted in considerably higher skin concentrations with no gaps in antiseptic coverage. Effective decolonization of the skin before hospital admission call play an important role in reducing risk of surgical site infections.

关键词： Anti-Infective Agents Baths Chlorhexidine Dose-Response Relationship Drug 抗感染药浴洗必泰剂量效应关系药物用药计划表微生物敏感性试验试点项目 epidermis (animal) Baths Chlorhexidine Anti Infective Agents skin skin surface Dose-response relationship Anti Infective Agents, Local Infection by site

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Comparison of angiotensin II receptor blockers: Impact of missed doses of candesartan cilexetil and losartan in systemic hypertension

引用

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY 1999年第10A期84卷 28S-34S页

作者： Mancia, G Dell'Oro, R Turri, C Grassi, G Univ Milan Biococca S Gerardo Hosp Dept Internal Med Med Clin Milan Italy

Blood pressure remains poorly controlled in the hypertensive population due in large part to low or unsatisfactory patient compliance. Clinical studies that incorporate an intentionally missed dose have been designed to evaluate the impact of poor patient compliance on the effectiveness of antihypertensive medications. In these studies, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is continued throughout the dosing interval and beyond in order to determine when systolic and diastolic blood pressure increase into the hypertensive range. In an 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension, the antihypertensive effects of candesartan cilexetil 16 mg were maintained after a missed dose, whereas systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased toward baseline levels after a missed dose of losartan 100 mg. Candesartan cilexetil provided a significantly greater reduction in sitting systolic (p = 0.004) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.008) than losartan when measured 48 hours after the last dose. Moreover, the hamogeneity of antihypertensive effects was greater after candesartan cilexetil than losartan based on calculation of the smoothness index from ambulatory systolic and diastolic measurements during the first 24-hour period after dosing and during the 12-hour period after the missed dose. These results demonstrate that missing or delaying a dose of candesartan cilexetil has less impact on antihypertensive efficacy than missing or delaying a dose of losartan. (C) 1999 by Excerpta Medica, Inc.

关键词：血管紧张素Ⅱ/拮抗剂和抑制剂抗高血压药/投药和剂量苯咪唑类/投药和剂量联苯化合物/投药和剂量血压/药物作用数据说明统计用药计划表高血压/药物疗法肥大左心室/药物疗法洛沙坦/治疗应用病人依从随机对照试验(主题) 四唑类治疗结果成年人老年人老年人 80以上人类中年人

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cladribine with prednisone versus chlorambucil with prednisone as first-line therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: report of a prospective, randomized, multicenter trial

引用

BLOOD 2000年第8期96卷 2723-2729页

作者： Robak, T Blonski, JZ Kasznicki, M Blasinska-Morawiec, M Krykowski, E Dmoszynska, A Mrugala-Spiewak, H Skotnicki, AB Nowak, W Konopka, L Ceglarek, B Maj, S Dwilewicz-Trojaczek, J Heilmann, A Urasinski, I Zdziarska, B Kotlarek-Haus, S Potoczek, S Grieb, P Med Univ Lodz Copernicus Mem Hosp Dept Hematol PL-93513 Lodz Poland Med Univ Dept Hematol Lublin Poland Jagiellonian Univ Dept Hematol Krakow Poland Inst Hematol & Transfusiol Warsaw Poland Med Acad Warsaw Dept Hematol Warsaw Poland Univ Gdansk Sch Med Dept Hematol PL-80952 Gdansk Poland Pomeranian Univ Med Dept Hematol Szczecin Poland Med Univ Dept Hematol Wroclaw Poland Polish Acad Sci Med Res Ctr Warsaw Poland

The efficacy and toxicity of cladribine (2-CdA) + prednisone (P) versus chlorambucil (Chl) + P were compared in previously untreated patients with progressive or symptomatic chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in a randomized, multicenter prospective trial. Eligible patients were assigned to either 2-CdA 0.12 mg/kg per day in 2-hour infusions and P 30 mg/m(2) per day for 5 consecutive days or Chi 12 mg/m(2) per day and P 30 mg/m(2) per day for 7 consecutive days. Three courses were administered at 28-day intervals or longer if myelosuppression developed. The therapy was finished if complete response (CR) was achieved. Of 229 available patients 126 received 2-CdA+P and 103 received ChI+P as a first-line treatment. OR and overall response rates were significantly higher in the patients treated with 2-CdA+P (47% and 87%, respectively) than in the patients treated with ChI+P (12% and 57%, respectively) (P = .001), Progression-free survival was significantly longer in the 2-CdA-treated group (P = .01), but event-free survival was not statistically different. Thirteen percent of patients were refractory to 2-CdA+P and 43% to ChI+P (P = .001). Drug-induced neutropenia was more frequently observed during 2-CdA+P (23%) than ChI+P therapy (11%) (P = .02), but thrombocytopenia occurred with similar frequency in both groups (36% and 27%, respectively). Infections were seen more frequently in the 2-CdA+P-treated group (56%) than in the ChI+P-treated group (40%;P = .02), Death rates have so far been similar in patients treated with 2-CdA (20%) and with ChI (17%), The probability of overall survival calculated from Kaplan-Meier curves at 24 months was also similar for both groups (78% and 82%, respectively). (C) 2000 by The American Society of Hematology.

关键词：苯丁酸氮芥/投药和剂量克利屈滨/投药和剂量无病生存用药计划表发病率感染/流行病学感染/病因学寿命表中性粒细胞减少/化学诱导中性粒细胞减少/流行病学波兰/流行病学泼尼松/投药和剂量前瞻性研究缓解诱导存活率血小板减少/化学诱导血小板减少/流行病学治疗结果女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Hemodynamic comparison of twice daily metoprolol tartrate with once daily metoprolol succinate in congestive heart failure

引用

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY 2000年第1期35卷 45-50页

作者： Kukin, ML Mannino, MM Freudenberger, RS Kalman, J Buchholz-Varley, C Ocampo, O Mt Sinai Sch Med Cardiovasc Inst Dept Med Heart Failure Program New York NY 10029 USA

OBJECTIVES To compare the hemodynamic effects of twice daily metoprolol tartrate (MT) and once daily metoprolol succinate (MS) in congestive heart failure patients. BACKGROUND Adverse hemodynamic effects with MT demonstrated during initiation persist with drug readministration during chronic therapy. METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to 6.25 mg MT or 25 mg MS orally and the dose was gradually increased to a target of 50 mg twice a day or 100 mg once a day, respectively. Hemodynamic measurements were obtained at baseline and after three months of therapy-both before and after drug readministration. RESULTS Long term metoprolol therapy produced significant functional, exercise and hemodynamic benefits with no difference in response between either metoprolol preparation in the 27 patients (MT [14], MS [13]). When full dose metoprolol was readministered during chronic therapy, there were parallel adverse hemodynamic effects in both drug groups. Cardiac index decreased by 0.6 liters/min/m(2) (p < 0.0001) with MT and by 0.5 liters/min/m(2) (p < 0.0001) with MS. Systematic vascular resistance increased by 253 dyne-sec-cm(-5) (p < 0.001) with MT and by 267 dyne-sec-cm(-5) (p < 0.0005) with MS. Stroke volume index decreased by 7.0 ml/m(2) (p < 0.0005) with MT and by 6.5 ml/m(2) (p < 0.0001) with MS, while SVC;I decreased by 6.2 g-m/m(2) (p < 0.0005) with MT and by 6.0 g-m/m(2) (p < 0.001) with MS. CONCLUSION Metoprolol tartrate and MS produce similar hemodynamic and clinical effects acutely and chronically despite the fourfold greater starting dose of MS used in this study. A more rapid initiation with readily available starting doses of MS may offer distinct advantages compared with MT in treating chronic heart failure patients with beta-adrenergic blocking agents. (C) 1999 by the American College of Cardiology.

关键词：投药口服肾上腺素能β受体拮抗剂/投药和剂量肾上腺素能β受体拮抗剂/副作用剂量效应关系药物用药计划表运动试验心力衰竭/药物疗法心力衰竭/病理生理学血流动力学/药物作用血流动力学/生理学长期医疗美托洛尔/投药和剂量美托洛尔/副作用美托洛尔/类似物和衍生物治疗结果成年人老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

In vivo modulation of CYP enzymes by quinidine and rifampin

引用

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS 2000年第4期68卷 401-411页

作者： Branch, RA Adedoyin, A Frye, RF Wilson, JW Romkes, M Univ Pittsburgh Med Ctr Ctr Clin Pharmacol Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Univ Pittsburgh Dept Pharmaceut Sci Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Zeneca Pharmaceut Dept Drug Disposit & Metab Wilmington DE USA

Background: The metabolism of drugs and other xenobiotics is mediated by enzymes whose activities can be modulated by different compounds. The activities of these modulators have the potential to be used to optimize drug action, prevent toxicity, or identify the enzymes involved in a reaction. This approach requires that selective agents be used for specific enzymes. However, selectivity of action has been poorly characterized in vivo. Methods: This study investigated the effect of 3 and 28 days of treatment with quinidine (200 mg daily) and rifampin (INN, rifampicin) (600 mg daily) on the activities of four cytochrome P450 enzymes and N-acetyltransferase in 28 healthy young male volunteers divided into three groups with a cocktail of drug probes used, including caffeine, mephenytoin, debrisoquin (INN, debrisoquine), and dapsone. Results: Quinidine selectively and almost completely inhibited the activity of CYP2D6 from day 3 through day 28 without affecting any other enzymes. Rifampin showed evidence of time-dependent induction of the activities of all measured oxidative routes of metabolism but decreased the acetylation ratio in fast acetylators. The quinidine/rifampin combination resulted in selective CYP2D6 inhibition and induction of all other enzymes evaluated over this time period, suggesting that predictable complex interactions occur with the drug combination. Conclusions: These observations illustrate the value of simultaneous assessment of the effect of modulators on the activities of multiple specific enzymes with the drug cocktail approach.

关键词：乙酰化作用/药物作用投药口服肾上腺素能α拮抗剂/投药和剂量肾上腺素能α拮抗剂/药理学抗心律失常药/药理学抗生素类抗结核/药理学抗惊厥药/药理学芳基烃羟化酶类咖啡因/药理学中枢神经系统刺激剂/药理学细胞色素P450CYP1A2/代谢细胞色素P450CYP2D6/代谢细胞色素P450CYP2E1/代谢细胞色素P450酶系统/拮抗剂和抑制剂细胞色素P450酶系统/代谢氨苯砜/药理学异喹胍/药理学用药计划表酶抑制剂/投药和剂量酶抑制剂/药理学美芬妥英/药理学混合功能氧化酶类/代谢奎尼丁/投药和剂量奎尼丁/药理学参考值利福平/投药和剂量利福平/药理学类固醇16-α-羟化酶甾类羟化酶类/代谢茶碱/药理学成年人人类男(雄)性

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Sequential antimicrobial therapy: treatment of severe lower respiratory tract infections in children

引用

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY 1999年第5期44卷 709-715页

作者： Al-Eidan, FA McElnay, JC Scott, MG Kearney, MP Troughton, KEU Jenkins, J Queens Univ Belfast Pharm Pract Res Grp Sch Pharm Belfast BT9 7BL Antrim North Ireland Antrim Area Hosp Antrim Hosp Acad Pharm Practice Unit Antrim BT41 2RL North Ireland United Hosp Grp Trust Dept Microbiol Antrim BT41 2RL North Ireland United Hosp Grp Trust Dept Paediat Antrim BT41 2RL North Ireland

Although there have been a number of studies in adults, to date there has been little research into sequential antimicrobial therapy (SAT) in paediatric populations. The present study evaluates the impact of a SAT protocol for the treatment of severe lower respiratory tract infection in paediatric patients. The study involved 89 paediatric patients (44 control and 45 SAT). The SAT patients had a shorter length of hospital stay (4.0 versus 8.3 days), shorter duration of inpatient antimicrobial therapy (4.0 versus 7.9 days) with the period of iv therapy being reduced from a mean of 5.6 to 1.7 days. The total healthcare costs were reduced by 52%. The resolution of severe lower respiratory tract infection with a short course of iv antimicrobials, followed by conversion to oral therapy yielded clinical outcomes comparable to those achieved using longer term iv therapy. SAT proved to be an important cost-minimizing tool for realizing substantial healthcare costs savings.

关键词：抗菌药/投药和剂量抗菌药/经济学抗菌药/治疗应用支气管炎/药物疗法头孢克肟/投药和剂量头孢克肟/经济学头孢克肟/治疗应用头孢噻肟/投药和剂量头孢噻肟/经济学头孢噻肟/治疗应用临床方案用药计划表卫生保健费用注射静脉内住院时间肺炎/药物疗法治疗结果儿童儿童学龄前女(雌)性人类婴儿男(雄)性

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

High-dose therapy in multiple myeloma

引用

ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY 2002年第Sup4期13卷 49-54页

作者： Harousseau, JL CHU Nantes Serv Hematol F-44035 Nantes 01 France

High-dose therapy in multiple myeloma J.-L. Harousseau Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Service d’Hématologie, Nantes, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J.-L. Harousseau Annals of Oncology, Volume 13, Issue suppl_4, 1 October 2002, Pages 49–54, https://***/10.1093/annonc/mdf638 Published: 01 October 2002

关键词：抗肿瘤联合化疗方案/投药和剂量综合疗法剂量效应关系药物用药计划表造血干细胞移植/方法多发性骨髓瘤/诊断多发性骨髓瘤/药物疗法多发性骨髓瘤/死亡率随机对照试验(主题) 疾病严重程度指数存活率分析移植自体治疗结果老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) and c-fos expression in the rat prefrontal cortex following subchronic treatment with substituted amphetamines

引用

NEUROBIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF DRUGS OF ABUSE: COCAINE, IBOGAINE, AND SUBSTITUTED AMPHETAMINES 2000年第1期914卷 65-70页

作者： Spina, MG Grecksch, G Kovar, KA Wolf, G Putzke, J Univ Magdeburg Inst Med Neurobiol D-39120 Magdeburg Germany Univ Magdeburg Inst Pharmacol & Toxicol D-39120 Magdeburg Germany Univ Tubingen Dept Pharmaceut D-72076 Tubingen Germany

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Subchronic and chronic toxicity of ingested 1,3-dichloropropene in dogs

引用

REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 1999年第3期30卷 233-243页

作者： Stebbins, KE Quast, JF Haut, KT Stott, WT Dow Chem Co USA Toxicol & Environm Res & Consulting Midland MI 48674 USA

The potential toxicologic effects to dogs of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), a soil fumigant used for the control of nematodes, were investigated. The 13-week subchronic toxicity study consisted of male and female beagle dogs (4/sex/dose group) given approximately 0, 5, 15, or 41 mg 1,3-D/kg body wt/day (approximately equivalent amounts of cis and trans isomers) via their diets. The 1-year chronic toxicity study consisted of male and female beagle dogs (4/sex/dose group) provided diets delivering approximately 0, 0.5, 2.5, or 15 mg/kg body wt/day. The test material was stabilized in the feed by microencapsulation in a starch/sucrose matrix (80/20). In both the 13-week. and the 1-year studies, the primary effect of 1,3-D in male and female dogs ingesting a dosage of greater than or equal to 15 mg/kg/day was hypochromic, microcytic anemia. The anemia was regenerative, with increased erythropoietic activity characterized by polychromasia of erythrocytes and increased numbers of reticulocytes in peripheral blood. In the 13-week study, the anemia in dogs given 41 mg/kg/day progressively worsened over time, while the anemia in dogs given 15 mg/kg/day remained relatively constant between 42 and 90 days of dosing. Partial reversal of the anemia of high-dose animals occurred during a B-week recovery period following the 13-week dosing regimen. In the 13-week study, terminal fasted body weights of males given 15 or 41 mg/kg/ day were decreased 3 and 28%, respectively, and body weights of females given 5, 15, or 41 mg/kg/day were decreased 4.5, 12, and 24%, respectively, relative to controls. Males given 5 mg/kg/day for 13 weeks had no change in body weights relative to controls. In the 1-year study, the hypochromic microcytic anemia in dogs given 15 mg/kg/day remained relatively constant in severity between 3 and 12 months of treatment. Histopathologic alterations associated with anemia in the 1-year study consisted of increased hematopoiesis of the bone marrow and increased ext

关键词：投药口服烯丙化合物/毒性贫血低色素性/化学诱导胶囊肌酸激酶/血液膳食用药计划表进食/药物作用红细胞计数/药物作用血细胞比容血红蛋白类/代谢杀虫药/毒性网状细胞计数/药物作用尿分析动物狗女(雌)性男(雄)性

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：