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Effects of different insulin infusion rates on heart rate variability in lean and obese subjects

METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL 1999年第6期48卷 755-762页

作者： Paolisso, G Manzella, D Tagliamonte, MR Rizzo, MR Gambardella, A Varricchio, M II Univ Naples Dept Geriatr Med & Metab Dis I-80138 Naples Italy

The low-frequency to high-frequency ratio (LF/HF ratio) is an index of cardiac sympathovagal balance. We hypothesized that insulin might also stimulate the LF/HF ratio. Thus, 15 lean and 15 obese subjects were studied. Each subject underwent sequential hyperinsulinemic clamps (insulin infusion rate 0.50, 1, and 2 mU/kg . min) while the heart rate was recorded by the Holter technique continuously. Indirect calorimetry allowed determination of the respiratory quotient (Rq) and substrate oxidation. The leg blood flow (LBF), leg vascular resistance (LVR), and plasma norepinephrine concentration were also measured. In seven lean subjects, hyperinsulinemic clamps were repeated along with propranolol infusion (0.1 mg . kg(-1) as an intravenous bolus dose followed by continuous intravenous infusion of 0.5 mg . kg(-1). min(-1) throughout the study). Lean subjects had better insulin action than obese subjects. Insulin infusion was associated with an increase of the Delta LF/HF ratio in both lean (P < .001 for time-dependent changes) and obese (P < .02 for time-dependent changes) subjects;however, the extent of insulin-mediated stimulation of the LF/HF ratio was greater in lean versus obese subjects. Insulin infusion did not significantly affect HF values in both groups. Independently of gender, body fat, changes in the plasma norepinephrine concentration, LBF, and LVR, the Delta LF/HF ratio at the end of the fastest insulin infusion (0.8 +/- 0.2 v 0.3 +/- 0.2, P < .04) was still greater in lean versus obese subjects. The Delta LF/HF ratio was also more stimulated during insulin versus insulin + propranolol infusion in lean subjects. In conclusion, insulin stimulates the LF/HF ratio in both lean and obese subjects and thus produces a shift in the cardiac autonomic nervous system activity toward sympathetic predominance. Copyright (C) 1999 by W.B. Saunders Company.

关键词：肾上腺素能β受体拮抗剂/药理学血糖/代谢血压/药物作用人体质量指数量热法间接剂量效应关系药物用药计划表心电描记术便携式葡萄糖钳制技术心率/药物作用降血糖药/投药和剂量降血糖药/血液输注静脉内胰岛素/投药和剂量胰岛素/血液去甲肾上腺素/血液肥胖症/血液肥胖症/病理生理学普萘洛尔/药理学时间因素成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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SINGLE-DOSE BLOCK-REPLACE REGIMES IN TREATMENT OF HYPERTHYROIDISM

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AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL 1975年第2期90卷 273-273页

作者： WISE, PH MARION, M PAIN, RW ROY ADELAIDE HOSP ENDOCRINE UNITN TERRACEADELAIDE 5000S AUSTRALIAAUSTRALIA ROY ADELAIDE HOSP INST MED & VET SCIDIV NUCL MEDADELAIDE 5000S AUSTRALIAAUSTRALIA ROY ADELAIDE HOSP INST MED & VET SCIDIV CLIN CHEMADELAIDE 5000S AUSTRALIAAUSTRALIA

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Absence of antiviral activity of high-dose subcutaneous beta-interferon in patients with chronic infection by genotype 1 virus C hepatitis

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MEDICINA CLINICA 2000年第18期114卷 717-717页

作者： Sáenz, MJ Soria, IC Alvarez, AC Vílchez, JG Univ Seville Hosp Virgen Macarena Dept Bioquim Clin Unidad HepatolServ Gastroenterol Seville Spain

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Changes in fat cell size and in vitro lipolytic activity of abdominal and gluteal adipocytes after a one-year cross-sex hormone administration in transsexuals

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METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL 1999年第11期48卷 1371-1377页

作者： Elbers, JMH de Jong, S Teerlink, T Asscheman, H Seidell, JC Gooren, LJG Free Univ Amsterdam Hosp Dept Endocrinol & Androl Res Inst Endocrinol Reproduct & Metab NL-1007 MB Amsterdam Netherlands Free Univ Amsterdam Hosp Dept Clin Chem Res Inst Endocrinol Reproduct & Metab NL-1007 MB Amsterdam Netherlands

We prospectively studied the effects of cross-sex hormone administration on fat cell size and in vitro lipolytic activity in subcutaneous abdominal and gluteal fat biopsies obtained from 19 male-to-female (M-F) transsexuals and 17 female-to-male (F-M) transsexuals. The amount of subcutaneous fat at the abdominal and gluteal levels was quantified with the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Before cross-sex hormone administration. M-F transsexuals had less subcutaneous fat with smaller fat cells compared with F-M transsexuals, with a higher baseline in vitro lipolytic activity expressed as glycerol release per milligram of triglyceride (TG) in the abdominal region (P < .05). Before cross-sex hormone treatment, no differences in lipolytic activity stimulated with arterenol (ART), isoproterenol (ISO), or ISO + insulin (INS) were observed between groups or regions. After a 1-year treatment with estrogens and antiandrogens in M-F transsexuals, subcutaneous fat areas on MRI and fat cell size were increased (P < .001) and reductions were observed in the basal lipolytic activity of gluteal and abdominal fat biopsies (P < .05). Following administration of testosterone to F-M transsexuals, subcutaneous fat and fat cell size at the gluteal and abdominal depots were decreased (P < .01) and basal lipolysis was increased significantly at the abdominal level (P < .05) but not at the gluteal level. In both M-F and F-M transsexuals, no effect of sex hormone administration was observed on stimulated lipolytic activities;In conclusion, regional sex differences in the amount of subcutaneous fat, adipocyte size, and in vitro basal lipolytic activity were demonstrated that could be largely reversed by cross-sex hormone treatment in adult subjects, providing evidence for their dependence on the sex steroid milieu. Copyright (C) 1999 by W.B. Saunders Company.

关键词：腹部脂细胞/代谢臀用药计划表雌二醇同源物/投药和剂量雌二醇同源物/药理学炔雌醇/投药和剂量炔雌醇/药理学性腺甾类激素/投药和剂量性腺甾类激素/药理学脂类代谢磁共振成像前瞻性研究睾酮/投药和剂量睾酮/药理学易性转化癖/代谢成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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Effects of different periods of lithium pretreatment and aminoglycoside antibiotics on apomorphine-induced yawning in rats

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PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY 2000年第2期87卷 84-88页

作者： Sharifzadeh, M Firooz, EK Abdollahi, M Univ Tehran Med Sci Fac Pharm Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol Tehran Iran

Interactive effects of intracerebroventricular administration of the aminoglycoside antibiotics, amikacin and gentamicin, and different duration of lithium pretreatment on apomorphine-induced yawning were investigated in male rats. The study was designed to investigate whether the hypothesis that the aminoglycoside antibiotics, amikacin and gentamicin, via their effects on phosphoinositide pathways and calcium channel might influence dopaminergic mechanisms as manifested in the yawning effect. Lithium is known to interact with phosphoinositide metabolism and was also tested after chronic studies on the apomorphine yawning model. Subcutaneous administration of apomorphine (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg) to rats induced yawning in a biphasic manner, However the maximum response was obtained by 0.2 mg/kg of the drug. Intracerebroventricular administration of aminoglycoside antibiotics amikacin (25 mu g/rat) increased and gentamicin (10 and 20 mu g/rat) decreased apomorphine-induced yawning. Pretreatment of animals with lithium (600 mg/l) in drinking water for 7, 14 and 21 days reduced yawning induced by apomorphine. Administration of lithium for 28 days did not induce any significant effect on yawning response. Amikacin and gentamicin function via the same mechanism on phosphoinositide cascade. Since amikacin and gentamicin did not affect the yawning response similarly, they apparently do not involve inositol trisphosphate level in the alterations of dopaminergic-induced yawning. Probably, the effect of lithium pretreatment on the number of yawns is also time-dependent and some tolerance to the inhibitory effect of lithium might occur after 28 days' treatment.

关键词：丁胺卡那霉素/投药和剂量丁胺卡那霉素/治疗应用抗菌药/投药和剂量抗菌药/治疗应用阿朴吗啡/拮抗剂和抑制剂剂量效应关系药物用药计划表药物相互作用庆大霉素类/投药和剂量庆大霉素类/治疗应用注射脑室内锂/投药和剂量锂/血液锂/治疗应用大鼠 Sprague-Dawley 呵欠/药物作用动物男(雄)性大鼠

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Vaginal clindamycin and oral metronidazole for bacterial vaginosis: A randomized trial

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OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2000年第2期96卷 256-260页

作者： Paavonen, J Mangioni, C Martin, MA Wajszczuk, CP Univ Helsinki Dept Obstet & Gynecol FIN-00290 Helsinki Finland Osped San Gerardo Clin Ostetr & Ginecol Milan Italy Pharmacia & Upjohn Inc Kalamazoo MI 49001 USA

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of clindamycin vaginal ovules with oral metronidazole for treatment of bacterial vaginosis. Methods: Women with bacterial vaginosis received either 100-mg ovules of clindamycin (intravaginally for 3 consecutive days) plus placebo capsules (orally twice daily for 7 days) or metronidazole 500 mg (two 250-mg capsules orally twice daily for 7 days) plus placebo ovules (intravaginally for 3 consecutive days). The sample was determined prospectively to provide a probability of .84 of correctly concluding that the rate of success for clindamycin is not more than 15% less than the expected 75% success rate for metronidazole. Clinical outcome was determined on the basis of vaginal fluid amine odor and clue cells. Results: Of the 399 patients enrolled, 233 could be evaluated for efficacy. Of those, 77 (68.1%) of 113 patients were cured with clindamycin, compared with 80 (66.7%) of 120 who were cured with metronidazole (95% confidence interval -10.6%, 13.4%;P = .810). Treatment-related adverse events were reported more frequently in the metronidazole treatment group. Systemic symptoms, such as nausea and taste perversion, accounted for most of the difference between groups. Conclusion: A a-day regimen of clindamycin, given as intravaginal ovules, was as effective as and better tolerated than a 7-day regimen of oral metronidazole 500 mg, given twice daily, for treatment of bacterial vaginosis. ((C) 2000 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.).

关键词：投药阴道内投药口服抗菌药/投药和剂量抗菌药/治疗应用抗感染药/投药和剂量抗感染药/治疗应用克林霉素/投药和剂量克林霉素/治疗应用双盲法用药计划表药物疗法联合欧洲甲硝唑/投药和剂量甲硝唑/治疗应用阴道病细菌性/药物疗法青少年成年人女(雌)性人类中年人

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Conservative management of postoperative chylothorax using somatostatin

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ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY 2000年第6期69卷 1944-1945页

作者： Kelly, RF Shumway, SJ Univ Minnesota Dept Surg Div Thorac & Cardiovasc Surg Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

Chylothorax is a rare but serious postoperative complication of thoracic surgical procedures. We report the case of a 77-year-old man who underwent a coronary artery bypass procedure using a left internal mammary artery pedicle graft. A permanent pacemaker was required postoperatively. A persistent postoperative chylothorax developed necessitating continuous drainage and conservative management. Somatostatin was instituted when after 1 week this management failed to resolve the chylothorax. This led to rapid cessation of chyle production. Enteral feeding was reinstituted without complication and surgical intervention was avoided. (C) 2000 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons.

关键词：胸管乳糜胸/药物疗法综合疗法冠状动脉分流术冠心病/外科学剂量效应关系药物用药计划表注射皮下胸廓内动脉-冠状动脉吻合术心脏起搏器人工手术后并发症/药物疗法生长抑素/投药和剂量老年人人类男(雄)性

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Hormone withdrawal symptoms in oral contraceptive users

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OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2000年第2期95卷 261-266页

作者： Sulak, PJ Scow, RD Preece, C Riggs, MW Kuehl, TJ Scott & White Clin Dept Obstet & Gynecol Temple TX 76508 USA Scott & White Clin Dept Biostat Temple TX 76508 USA Scott & White Clin Dept Pathol Temple TX 76508 USA Scott & White Clin Dept Med Biochem & Genet Temple TX 76508 USA Texas A&M Univ Coll Med Ctr Hlth Sci Mem Hosp Temple TX 76508 USA

Objective: To measure the timing, frequency, and severity of hormone-related symptoms in oral contraceptive (OC) users, specifically to compare active-pill with hormone-free intervals. Methods: Using daily diaries, women recorded pelvic pain, bleeding, headaches, analgesic use, nausea or vomiting, bloating or swelling, and breast tenderness during active-pill intervals and hormone-free intervals. Participants either had no prior OC use, had taken OCs and were restarting, or had been taking OCs continuously for 12 months or longer. Results: Two hundred sixty-two women, 26 with no previous OC use, 43 prior users, and 193 current users, provided daily records of hormone-related symptoms. Subjects with no prior OC use and prior users restarting were similar in no recent OC use, and because of the small sample, they were pooled for analysis as new-start OC users. Current users had patterns of symptoms that were more frequent during hormone-free intervals than during the three active-pill weeks. These included pelvic pain (70% versus 21%, P < .001), headaches (70% versus 53%, P < .001), use of pain medication (69% versus 43%, P < .001), bloating or swelling (58% versus 19%, P < .001), and breast tenderness (38% versus 16%, P < .001). Similar patterns were seen in new-start OC users after the first cycle. Among new-start OC users, menstrual now patterns, headache, bloating or swelling, and breast-tenderness symptoms decreased during the three cycles to approach those levels of current users. Conclusion: Almost all symptoms assessed were significantly worse during the 7-day hormone-free interval than during the 21 days of hormone-containing pills. (Obstet Gynecol 2000;95:261-6. (C) 2000 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.).

关键词：乳腺疾病/化学诱导避孕药口服/投药和剂量避孕药口服/副作用用药计划表水肿/化学诱导头痛/化学诱导骨盆痛/化学诱导前瞻性研究疾病严重程度指数物质戒断综合征时间因素子宫出血/化学诱导成年人女(雌)性人类

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Simple therapy for cardiac concordant xenotransplantation: Only 1 week of DSG administration with suppression of T-cell reactions

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TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS 2000年第5期32卷 1020-1020页

作者： Kubota, S Miyatake, T Miyazaki, K Watanabe, T Mafune, N Watanabe, S Abe, K Murashita, T Yasuda, K Hokkaido Univ Sch Med Dept Cardiovasc Surg Sapporo Hokkaido 060 Japan Hokkaido Univ Sch Med Dept Lab Med Sapporo Hokkaido 060 Japan Hokkaido Univ Sch Med Dept Anat Sapporo Hokkaido 060 Japan

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Long-term follow-up of vitamin B₆-responsive West syndrome

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PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY 2000年第3期23卷 202-206页

作者： Ohtsuka, Y Ogino, T Asano, T Hattori, J Ohta, H Oka, E Okayama Univ Sch Med Dept Child Neurol Okayama 700 Japan

We performed a clinical and electroencephalographic follow-up study on 25 patients with West syndrome that was responsive to vitamin B-6 (eight cryptogenic patients and 17 symptomatic patients) who were older than 3 years at the last follow-up. All cryptogenic patients and 13 symptomatic patients were seizure free at the last follow-up. All cryptogenic patients and seven symptomatic patients had intelligent quotient or developmental quotient scores of 75 or higher. The recurrence of clinical seizures was always associated with increases in epileptic discharges. We could successfully discontinue pyridoxal phosphate administration in four cryptogenic and four symptomatic patients who were 1 year, 8 months to 24 years old. (C) 2000 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词：投药口服剂量效应关系药物用药计划表脑电描记术/药物作用随访研究吡多辛/投药和剂量痉挛婴儿/药物疗法痉挛婴儿/病因学青少年成年人儿童儿童学龄前女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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