Diagnoses of HIV infection are reported to the Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) by microbiologists through a voluntary confidential surveillance scheme. Names are not recorded on the database but the date of bi...
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Diagnoses of HIV infection are reported to the Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) by microbiologists through a voluntary confidential surveillance scheme. Names are not recorded on the database but the date of birth of the individual concerned is usually available. This paper discusses a statistical method to detect repeated counting of individuals in these and similar data based on the number of matching pairs in the sample. The test is based on the theoretical result that the null hypothesis of all birth dates equally likely and all individuals distinct minimizes the expected number of matching pairs in the sample. Five of the 16 birth years in the sample taken in 1991 show evidence of more replication than would be expected by chance using a 5 per cent level test. When the test is repeated taking into account a small but statistically significant seasonal variation in the birth rate, the results are very similar. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Usual methods for estimating AIDS incidences are based on the inflation of a discrete reporting delay distribution, which often results in very imprecise estimates of the incidence in the most recent past. In this pap...
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Usual methods for estimating AIDS incidences are based on the inflation of a discrete reporting delay distribution, which often results in very imprecise estimates of the incidence in the most recent past. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach to estimate the AIDS incidence by inflating a continuous reporting delay distribution for each reported case. Covariate effects on reporting delays are evaluated by a. proportional hazards model for the reverse time hazard function. A jack-knife variance for the estimated AIDS incidence is given. Study results showed that precision of estimates is improved by using the continuous time model as compared with those estimates given by its discrete counterpart. This feature is useful in assessing current trends in AIDS incidence. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In summary, members of the TF/STD: share the common goal of reducing the STD burden and slowing the spread of HIV in the most affected and vulnerable countries in eastern Europe and central Asia. Contribute financiall...
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In summary, members of the TF/STD: share the common goal of reducing the STD burden and slowing the spread of HIV in the most affected and vulnerable countries in eastern Europe and central Asia. Contribute financially, technically or in-kind to the implementation of a joint strategy which aims: -- to create an enabling environment for STD prevention and control, and -- to strengthen the local capacity for STD prevention and care; engage in a continuous exchange of information, collaborative partnerships and coordination of activities at regional as well as country level through the TF/STD and in-country interagency working groups, respectively; concur with the priority areas for international support consisting of advocacy and policy, STD drugs, condoms, educational materials, training, applied research and surveillance; meet twice a year to review implementation progress and the need for additional assistance; as advocates of TF/STD, call on partners and other organizations to join in this important new initiative.
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