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Cystoid macular edema after phacoemulsification: Relationship to blood-aqueous barrier damage and visual acuity

JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY 1999年第11期25卷 1492-1497页

作者： Ursell, PG Spalton, DJ Whitcup, SM Nussenblatt, RB St Thomas Hosp Dept Ophthalmol London England

Purpose: To ascertain the incidence of cystoid macular edema (CME) after phacoemulsification and its relationship to blood-aqueous barrier damage and visual acuity. Setting: A British teaching hospital. Methods: A prospective trial was performed to document the incidence of CME after routine phacoemulsification with continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis. LogMAR visual acuity and laser Rare were measured using the KOWA FC 1000 laser cell-Rare meter preoperatively and 1, 14, 30, and 60 days postoperatively. At day 60, a standardized fluorescein angiogram was performed and graded by masked observers. Results: The rate of angiographic CME on day 60 was 19%. Visual acuity at each visit was significantly worse in the CME group (P <.05). The Rare and cell values at days 14, 30, and 60 were higher in the CME group at day 60;however, the difference was not statistically significance (P >.05). Conclusions: The incidence of CME after routine phacoemulsification was 19%. Patients with CME at day 60 had significantly worse visual acuity than those who did not from the first postoperative day throughout the follow-up. There was a trend for patients who had CME at day 60 to have more postoperative inflammation. J Cataract Refract Surg 1999. 25:1492-1497 (C) 1999 ASCRS and ESCRS.

关键词：眼前半段/损伤眼前半段/代谢眼前半段/病理学血房水屏障晶体囊撕裂术/副作用荧光素血管造影术眼底黄斑/代谢黄斑/病理学黄斑水肿/诊断黄斑水肿/病因学黄斑水肿/代谢超声乳化白内障吸除术/副作用预后前瞻性研究视敏度老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Long-term posterior and anterior segment complications of immune recovery uveitis associated with cytomegalovirus retinitis

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2000年第1期130卷 57-64页

作者： Karavellas, MP Song, M MacDonald, JC Freeman, WR Univ Calif San Diego Dept Ophthalmol Shiley Eye Ctr La Jolla CA 92093 USA

PURPOSE: To identify and describe long-term posterior and anterior segment complications of immune recovery uveitis in patients with inactive cytomegalovirus retinitis who are undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy-mediated recovery of immune function. METHODS: A prospective cohort study at a university medical center. Twenty-nine eyes of 21 patients with immune recovery uveitis and inactive cytomegalovirus retinitis were followed for 14.5 to 116 weeks (median, 43 weeks) after diagnosis of immune recovery uveitis, RESULTS: Nine eyes of nine patients developed visually important complications involving the posterior segment, anterior segment, or a combination of both. Posterior segment complications included severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy in three eyes and spontaneous vitreous hemorrhage from avulsion of a blood vessel secondary to tory syndrome that may result in complications months to years after the onset of inflammation. (C) 2000 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词：眼前半段/病理学抗逆转录病毒治疗高效抗病毒药/治疗应用 CD4淋巴细胞计数 CD4阳性T淋巴细胞/生理学白内障/病因学白内障/病理学队列研究巨细胞病毒视网膜炎/并发症巨细胞病毒视网膜炎/药物疗法巨细胞病毒视网膜炎/免疫学巨细胞病毒视网膜炎/病毒学免疫系统/生理学虹膜炎/病因学虹膜炎/病理学虹膜炎/外科学前瞻性研究复发时间因素葡萄膜炎/并发症葡萄膜炎/药物疗法葡萄膜炎/免疫学葡萄膜炎/病毒学视敏度玻璃体视网膜病增生性/病因学玻璃体视网膜病增生性/病理学玻璃体视网膜病增生性/外科学玻璃体出血/病因学玻璃体出血/病理学玻璃体出血/外科学成年人人类男(雄)性

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Demonstration of retroiridal extension of an epithelial membrane by ultrasound biomicroscopy: A clinicopathologic correlation

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2001年第5期131卷 654-656页

作者： Chialant, D Damji, KF Brownstein, S Coupal, D Univ Ottawa Ottawa Hosp Inst Eye Dept Ophthalmol Ottawa ON K1H 8L6 Canada

PURPOSE: To report the utilization of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in identifying the extension into the posterior segment of an epithelial membrane, as correlated by the histopathologic findings. METHOD: Case report. UBM findings before enucleation with histopathologic correlation. RESULTS: UBM demonstrated a membrane tracking from the posterior iris surface over the ciliary body and towards the retina. Light microscopic examination disclosed the epithelial nature of this membrane. CONCLUSION: UBM can identify extension of an epithelial membrane into the posterior segment and thereby guide the approach to surgical management. (C) 2001 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词：眼前半段/病理学眼前半段/外科学上皮细胞/病理学上皮细胞/超声检查虹膜疾病/病理学虹膜疾病/外科学虹膜疾病/超声检查膜显微镜检查电子老年人老年人 80以上人类男(雄)性

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Echographic features of medulloepithelioma

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2000年第3期130卷 364-366页

作者： Foster, RE Murray, TG Byrne, SF Hughes, JR Gendron, BK Ehlies, FJ Nicholson, DH Cincinnati Eye Inst Cincinnati OH 45242 USA Univ Miami Sch Med Bascom Palmer Eye Inst Miami FL USA

PURPOSE: To evaluate the echographic features of medulloepithelioma that may assist in establishing the diagnosis. METHODS: Retrospective review identified four eyes with medulloepithelioma studied with echography. Clinical records, echographic findings, histopathologic tumor features, and the clinical course were reviewed. RESULTS: The initial preoperative diagnosis of medulloepithelioma was uncertain, based on clinical findings alone in three cases but was accurate when echographic findings were combined with clinical findings in all four cases. Cysts posterior to the iris were detected on clinical examination in only two cases, but were revealed on echography in all four cases. Additional echographic findings included irregular high internal reflectivity (n = 4), irregular tumor surface (n = 3), molding around intraocular structures (n = 3), and internal vascularity (n = 2). CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of medulloepithelioma is not always apparent on clinical examination alone. Echographic findings of a highly reflective, irregularly structured tumor with associated cystic changes involving the ciliary body region may help establish a presumed diagnosis of medulloepithelioma. (C) 2000 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词：眼前半段/病理学眼前半段/超声检查睫状体/病理学睫状体/外科学睫状体/超声检查虹膜/病理学虹膜/外科学肿瘤神经上皮/病理学肿瘤神经上皮/外科学肿瘤神经上皮/超声检查葡萄膜肿瘤/病理学葡萄膜肿瘤/外科学葡萄膜肿瘤/超声检查儿童儿童学龄前女(雌)性人类婴儿新生男(雄)性

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Decentration, tilt, and near vision of the Array multifocal intraocular lens

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JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY 2000年第4期26卷 586-589页

作者： Yang, HC Chung, SK Baek, NH Catholic Univ Korea Coll Med St Marys Hosp Dept Ophthalmol Seoul South Korea

Purpose: To study the periodic changes in decentration, tilt, and near vision in eyes with the Array(R) multifocal intraocular lens (IOL). Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea. Method: This study comprised 20 eyes of 10 patients older than 60 years who had binocular cataract and bilateral implantation of the Array multifocal IOL. Mean patient age was 66.0 years (range 60 to 75 years). After a clear corneal incision and continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis were made, each eye had phacoemulsification and in-the-bag IOL implantation. The amount of IOL decentration and degree of tilt were evaluated using the EAS-1000 anterior eye segment analysis system 1 day and 1 and 2 months postoperatively. Near and far visual acuities were measured at the same examinations. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in decentration (P = .13) or tilt (P = .32) throughout the follow-up. Mean uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.68 +/- 0.27 (SD), and mean uncorrected near acuity was 0.49 +/- 0.15 2 months postoperatively. Uncorrected distance acuity better than 0.5 was achieved in 14 eyes (77.8%), in which the mean uncorrected distance acuity was 0.80 +/- 0.18 and the mean uncorrected near acuity was 0.53 +/- 0.14 2 months postoperatively. Conclusions: Tilt and decentration of the Array multifocal IOL showed no significant progression up to 2 months after implantation. For near acuity, the Array IOL may be an effective aid. J Cataract Refract Surg 2000;26:586-589 (C) 2000 ASCRS and ESCRS.

关键词：眼前半段/病理学晶体囊撕裂术异物游走/病因学异物游走/病理学晶体植入眼内晶体人工超声乳化白内障吸除术预后假体设计假体失效屈光眼视敏度老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Choroidal effusions and hypotony caused by severe anterior lens capsule contraction after cataract surgery

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2000年第2期129卷 253-254页

作者： Salzmann, J Khaw, PT Laidlaw, A Moorfields Eye Hosp Vitreoretinal Serv London EC1V 2PD England Moorfields Eye Hosp Glaucoma Serv London EC1V 2PD England

PURPOSE: To report the clinical features and management of two patients with pseudophakic anterior capsule contraction with secondary tractional ciliary body detachments and hypotonous choroidal effusions. METHODS: Case reports. RESULTS: In two eyes of two patients with pseudophakia, severe anterior lens capsule contraction and tractional ciliary body detachments, anterior capsulotomy (one Nd:YAG laser, one surgical), was followed by resolution of the ocular hypotony and resolution/nonrecurrence of the choroidal effusions. In both cases, continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis was used during cataract surgery. CONCLUSION: Anterior capsule contraction following pseudophakia may result in tractional ciliary detachment and secondary ocular hypotony, Radial anterior capsulotomy appeared to be effective in both cases, (Am J Ophthalmol 2000;129:253-254. (C) 2000 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.).