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Prospective study of serum selenium levels and incident esophageal and gastric cancers

JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE 2000年第21期92卷 1753-1763页

作者： Mark, SD Qiao, YL Dawsey, SM Wu, YP Katki, H Gunter, EW Fraumeni, JF Blot, WJ Dong, ZW Taylor, PR NCI Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet Bethesda MD 20892 USA NCI Div Clin Sci Bethesda MD 20892 USA Chinese Acad Med Sci Inst Canc Dept Epidemiol Beijing 100021 Peoples R China Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Natl Hlth & Nutr Examinat Survey Lab Atlanta GA USA Int Epidemiol Inst Rockville MD USA

Background: From March 1986 through May 1991, we conducted a randomized nutritional intervention trial, the General Population Trial, in Linxian, China, a region with epidemic rates of squamous esophageal and adenomatous gastric cardia cancers, We found that participants who received selenium, beta -carotene, and vitamin E had significantly lower cancer mortality rates than those who did not. In the current study, we examined the relationship between selenium levels measured in pretrial (1985) sera from participants and the subsequent risk of developing squamous esophageal, gastric cardia, and gastric non-cardia cancers during the trial. Methods: This study was designed and analyzed in accord with a stratified case-cohort sampling scheme, with the six strata defined by sex and three age categories. We measured serum selenium levels in 590 case subjects with esophageal cancer, 402 with gastric cardia cancers, and 87 with gastric non-cardia cancers as well as in 1062 control subjects. Relative risks (RRs), absolute risks, and population attributable risk for cancers were estimated on the basis of the Cox proportional hazards models. All statistical tests are two-sided. Results: We found highly significant inverse associations of serum selenium levels with the incidence of esophageal (P for trend <10(-4)) and gastric cardia (P for trend <10(-6)) cancers. The RR and 95% confidence interval (CI) for comparison of highest to lowest quartile of serum selenium was 0.56 (95% CI = 0.44-0.71) for esophageal cancer and 0.47 (95% CI = 0.33-0.65) for gastric cardia cancer. The population proportion of these cancers that is attributable to low selenium levels was 26.4% (95% CI = 14.45-38.36), We found no evidence for a gradient of serum selenium associated with incidence of gastric non-cardia cancer (P for trend = .96), with an RR of 1.07 (95% CI = 0.55-2.08) for the highest to lowest quartile of serum selenium, Conclusions: Our study supports findings from previous prospective st

关键词：年龄分布病例对照研究中国/流行病学食管肿瘤/血液食管肿瘤/流行病学食管肿瘤/死亡率随访研究发病率比例危险度模型前瞻性研究随机对照试验(主题) 危险危险因素硒/投药和剂量硒/血液性别分布胃肿瘤/血液胃肿瘤/流行病学胃肿瘤/死亡率成年人老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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The influence of elevated dietary zinc, selenium, and their combination on the suppressive effect of dietary and intraperitoneal cadmium on egg production in laying hens

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JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A 2000年第8期60卷 549-565页

作者： Nolan, TD Brown, D Cornell Univ Dept Anim Sci Nutr Toxicol Lab Ithaca NY 14853 USA

The influence of elevated dietary zinc and/or selenium on the suppressive effect of cadmium on egg production in hens has not been previously established. To address this question, two models of cadmium administration were used to differentiate protective effects of zinc or selenium that may result from a reduced absorption of cadmium from those resulting from an elevated nutritional status of these minerals. First, cadmium-induced suppression of egg production was produced in White Leghorn hens using intraperitoneal injections of Cd in order to determine protective effects that result from prefeeding diets supplemented with 803 ppm Zn, 0.91 ppm Se, or their combination relative to a basal diet (control). Feeding elevated dietary selenium throughout the experiment, including a 6-day prefeeding period before Cd administration, resulted in significant protection from the egg suppression produced by 2 injections of cadmium (0.27 mg/kg each) given 1 d apart. Feeding elevated dietary zinc alone or combined with +0.91 ppm Se for a similar period did not markedly protect against cadmium-induced egg suppression. After a 0.54-mg/kg dose of Cd was administered, for a cumulative dose of 1.08 mg/kg, no significant protection was observed from any of the supplemented diets. In a second experiment, the protective effect of the same dietary treatments on the egg-suppressive effect of dietary cadmium was determined. In contrast to cadmium injection, the suppressive effect of 153 ppm dietary cadmium was not mitigated by selenium supplementation, while supplemental zinc protected against this effect of dietary cadmium regardless of the amount of selenium in the diet. There was no significant change in plasma estrogen and vitellogenin levels as a result of cadmium administration in either model, with the exception of significant reduction in both these parameters in the dietary cadmium-exposed birds fed the basal diet. Together, the data suggest that the level of dietary zinc in food

关键词：雌激素类/血液不育女(雌)性/化学诱导不育女(雌)性/预防和控制不育女(雌)性/兽医学注射腹腔内产卵/药物作用硒/投药和剂量硒/药理学卵黄蛋白原类/血液锌/投药和剂量锌/药理学女(雌)性妊娠

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Waist-to-hip ratio, weight gain, and dietary and serum selenium are associated with DNA content flow cytometry in Barrett's esophagus

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NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 2000年第1期36卷 7-13页

作者： Moe, GL Kristal, AR Levine, DS Vaughan, TL Reid, BJ Seattle Pacific Univ Dept Family & Consumer Sci Seattle WA 98119 USA Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr Canc Prevent Res Program Seattle WA 98109 USA Univ Washington Nutr Sci Program Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Epidemiol Seattle WA 98195 USA DeAstra Merck Wayne PA USA Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr Program Epidemiol Seattle WA 98109 USA Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr Canc Prevent Res Program Seattle WA 98109 USA Univ Washington Dept Med Div Gastroenterol Seattle WA 98195 USA

This cross-sectional study reports associations between anthropometric measures, serum antioxidant concentrations, and present diet with measures of elevated cell proliferation in 51 patients with Barrett's esophagus. Cell proliferation was assessed as fractions of cells in the S and G(2) phases, measured in biopsies of Barrett's tissue and analyzed by DNA content flow cytometry. Elevated proportions in the S and G(2) phases predict progression to adenocarcinoma. The percentage of cells in the S phase was positively associated with waist-to-hip ratio (r = 0.33, p < 0.05) and negatively associated with serum and dietary selenium (r = -0.34 and -0.32, respectively, p < 0.05). The percentage of cells in the G(2) phase was positively associated with weight change from age 25 (r = 0.39, p < 0.01) and negatively associated with dietary selenium (r = -0.31, p < 0.05). Selenium from breads and grains was negatively associated with the percentage of cells in the S phase (r = -0.41, p < 0.01) and the percentage of cells in the G(2) phase (r = -0.41, p < 0.01). These results suggest that increasing weight gain in adulthood, increasing waist-to-hip ratio, and decreasing dietary selenium intake and serum levels increase the risk of progression of Barrett's esophagus to adenocarcinoma.

关键词：腺癌/病因学腺癌/病理学 Barrett食管/并发症 Barrett食管/病理学 Barrett食管/病理生理学活组织检查体质细胞分裂 DNA/分析膳食食管肿瘤/病因学食管肿瘤/病理学流式细胞术 G2期 S期硒/投药和剂量硒/血液体重增长老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Effect of selenium and vitamin E content of the maternal diet on the antioxidant system of the yolk and the developing chick

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BRITISH POULTRY SCIENCE 2000年第2期41卷 235-243页

作者： Surai, PF Scottish Agr Coll Dept Biochem & Nutr Auchincruive KA6 5HW Ayr Scotland

1. The effects of selenium and vitamin E supplementation of the maternal diet on their transfer to the egg yolk and tissues of the newly hatched chick and on the development of the antioxidant system in the chick liver in early postnatal life were investigated. 2. One hundred Cobb broiler breeder hens were divided into 10 equal groups and housed in pens at 25 weeks of age. Each hen received 1 of the treatment diet which included 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg selenium, 40, 100, 200 mg/kg vitamin E or their combination. After 6 weeks, the hens M-ere artificially inseminated once per week. From week 8, eggs were collected and placed in an incubator. After hatching, chicks from each group were reared (under standard commercial conditions) to 10d of age. The chicks were fed on a standard starter commercial broiler diet. At the time of hatching, and at 5 and 10 days old, 4 chicks from each group were sacrificed and blood, liver and brain were collected for the subsequent biochemical analyses. 3. The inclusion of organic selenium or vitamin E in the commercial diet significantly increased their concentration in the egg and in the Liver of 1-d-old chicks obtained from the eggs enriched with these substances. A positive effect of such dietary supplementation was seen at d 5 and d 10 of postnatal development. *** was a positive effect of selenium supplementation of the maternal diet on glutathione concentration in the liver of 1-d-old and 5-d-old chicks. A combination of a dietary selenium supplementation with high vitamin E doses further increased glutathione concentration in the liver Dietary selenium supplementation significantly increased selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GSH-Px) activity in the liver of the 1-d-old and 5-d-old chicks and decreased liver susceptibility to peroxidation. 6. It is concluded that the nutritional status of the laying hen determines the efficiency of the antioxidant system throughout embryonic and early postnatal development of the offspring

关键词：动物饲料脑化学/生理学类胡萝卜素类/分析鸡/生长和发育鸡/生理学色谱法高压液相/兽医学营养保健品蛋黄/化学谷胱甘肽/血液谷胱甘肽过氧化酶/分析肝/化学丙二醛/分析硒/投药和剂量硒/血液硒/生理学分光光度法原子/兽医学维生素E/投药和剂量维生素E/血液维生素E/生理学动物鸡胚女(雌)性男(雄)性

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Effect of selenium deficiency on the development of central nervous system lesions in murine listeriosis

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JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY 2000年第2-3期123卷 104-109页

作者： Altimira, J Prats, N López, S Domingo, M Briones, V Domínguez, L Marco, A Univ Autonoma Barcelona Fac Vet Dept Patol & Prod Anim Histol & Anat Patol E-08193 Barcelona Spain Univ Complutense Madrid Fac Vet Dept Patol Anim 1 E-28040 Madrid Spain

The effect of selenium (Se) deficiency, produced by feeding a Se-deficient diet, on the development of central nervous system (CNS) lesions was studied in mice infected with Listeria monocytogenes, administered in drinking water for 1 or 7 days in a daily dose of 10(9) organisms, or for 7 days in a daily dose of 10(7). Se-deficient mice differed from Se-normal controls in developing CNS lesions significantly more frequently. Moreover, regardless of Se status, mice receiving repeated doses of 10(9) organisms difficult from those receiving a single 10(9) dose in showing CNS lesions at least twice as often. The majority of animals with CNS lesions showed an inflammatory pattern of rhombencephalitis (17/24), while only two of 24 showed choroiditis-ventriculitis-meningitis;five of 24 animals showed both inflammatory patients. Listeria monocytogenes antigen was identified within the areas of inflammation by an immunoperoxidase technique. Neuritis of the trigeminal nerve was present in eight animals. The relative lack of pathological changes in the liver and spleen validates this murine model for the study of CNS listeriosis. (C) 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.

关键词：抗原细菌/分析中枢神经系统/药物作用中枢神经系统/微生物学中枢神经系统/病理学集落计数微生物剂量效应关系药物免疫组织化学利斯特菌感染/微生物学利斯特菌感染/病理学利斯特菌单核细胞增生/细胞学利斯特菌单核细胞增生/免疫学肝/药物作用肝/代谢肝/微生物学硒/投药和剂量硒/缺乏动物小鼠

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Controlled introduction of selenium into Chlorella cells

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Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 1998年第12期36卷 1286-1288页

作者： de, Alcantara, S. Lopes, C. Cerqueira Wagener, K. Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil.

Selenium (Se) is an important element in the antioxidant system of the human body, and Chlorella, well-known for its therapeutic effects, is the ideal carrier to offer it in the wanted organic form. The kinetics of Se absorption by growing algal cells and its distribution in the cells are studied using radioactive 75Se labelled solutions. There is a rapid Se absorption within the first few minutes at the cell surfaces where it is irreversibly fixed and cannot be absorbed by the human body. In the final state, reached after 24-48 hr, about 40% of the total fixed Se is inside the cells in the wanted organic-bound form.

关键词：小球藻属/代谢动力学硒/投药和剂量硒/代谢

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Brain selenium accumulation in rat pups of selenium supplemented mothers

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ANATOMIA HISTOLOGIA EMBRYOLOGIA 2002年第4期31卷 228-231页

作者： Bou-Resli, MN Mathew, TC Dashti, HM Al-Zaid, NS Kuwait Univ Fac Med Dept Physiol Safat Kuwait Kuwait Univ Fac Sci Dept Biol Sci Safat Kuwait Kuwait Univ Fac Med Dept Anat Safat Kuwait Kuwait Univ Fac Med Dept Surg Safat Kuwait

Selenium is essential for normal mammalian development. Being a component of antioxidant enzyme, glutathione peroxidase, it plays a major role in protecting the cells from free radical damage. The level of glutathione peroxidase was directly related to the amount of selenium present in various tissues and organs. A decrease in selenium leads to various pathological changes in humans as well as in various laboratory animals. The aim of the present study was to understand whether there is an increase in the level of selenium in different brain regions of rat pups whose mothers were supplemented with selenium, either 2 or 4 mg/l of their drinking water throughout the period of their pregnancy. There was a significant increase in the level of selenium in the cerebellum, cortex and hypothalamic and hippocampal tissues of selenium supplemented mothers as compared with those of non-supplemented mothers. The brain stem of these animals did not show any significant difference in the level of selenium. Furthermore, the differences in the level of selenium between the rat pups of 2 mg/l selenium supplemented mothers and 4 mg/l selenium supplemented mothers were not statistically significant. These studies suggest that supplementation of selenium to mothers during the period of their pregnancy can selectively increase the level of this trace element in different brain regions. Further studies are necessary to understand the significance of selective accumulation of selenium in specific brain regions on brain development and function.