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Assessing risk for depression among immigrants at two-year follow-up

ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2002年第6期16卷 245-253页

作者： Aroian, KJ Norris, A Wayne State Univ Coll Nursing Detroit MI 48202 USA Boston Coll Sch Nursing Chestnut Hill MA 02167 USA

This article reports findings from a longitudinal study of what predicts depression 2 years later in a sample of former Soviet immigrants. Study alms were to: (1) investigate change in depression scores and (2) determine the relative contribution of initial depression scores, select demographic and migration characteristics and common demands of immigration to depression at 2-year follow-up. Data were collected at two time points from 468 former Soviet immigrants who had been in the US 5 years or less at the time of the first data collection appointment. Linear regression was used to predict depression at 2-year follow-up. There was little improvement in depression for the sample as a whole over time. Baseline depression, unemployment, novelty, and not having relatives in the local resettlement area were significant predictors of depression at 2-year follow-up. Initial depression in relatively recent immigrants should be treated aggressively and not assumed to be a transient problem. Immigrants should be assisted to find early employment and overcome novel aspects of their new environment. Immigrants without local families will likely need additional support. Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

关键词：文化适应波士顿抑郁症/诊断抑郁症/人种学抑郁症/病因学教育程度移民(移出和移入) 就业/心理学随访研究线性模型护理估计/方法试验预期值精神病护理学/方法精神病状态评定量表/标准危险性评估/方法危险因素疾病严重程度指数 USSR/人种学成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Family violence: Toward more precise and comprehensive knowing

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Issues in Mental Health Nursing 1999年第4期20卷 305-317页

作者： Mohr, Wanda K. School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104-6096 420 Guardia Drive United States

The absence of scientifically credible information about the nature and extent of family violence is an impediment to effective intervention and prevention efforts. This article discusses the distinctive aspects of this area of inquiry as well as what questions should guide that inquiry;it also proposes a research strategy to investigate family violence that must be implemented before we can hope to design and test relevant interventions that will benefit victims of family violence.

关键词：循证医学知识护理研究/方法职业家庭关系精神病护理学/方法研究设计人类

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Neurocognitive disorders seen in HIV disease

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Issues in Mental Health Nursing 2000年第1期21卷 51-70页

作者： Ungvarski, Peter J. Trzcianowska, Halina Visiting Nurse Service of New York New York NY United States Visiting Nurse Service of New York New York NY 10001 1250 Broadway United States

Despite dramatic improvements in the therapeutic management of clients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, cognitive disorders still appear as clinical manifestations of the illness trajectory. The development of neurocognitive impairment is associated with high levels of HIV activity and the resultant severe degree of immunosupression. Although many clinicians almost exclusively associate HIV-related cognitive dysfunction with HIV encephalopathy and dementia, the etiologic conditions are numerous and include not only HIV infection affecting the brain, but also infections and neoplasms, as well as adverse effects of prescribed therapies. Treatment strategies include pharmacologic interventions, alternative and complementary therapies, and milieu management. Copyright © 2000 Taylor & Francis.

关键词：艾滋病痴呆复合征/诊断艾滋病痴呆复合征/治疗艾滋病痴呆复合征/病毒学抗HIV药/治疗应用中枢神经系统疾病/诊断中枢神经系统疾病/治疗中枢神经系统疾病/病毒学认知障碍/诊断认知障碍/治疗认知障碍/病毒学 HIV感染/并发症 HIV感染/免疫学 HIV感染/治疗环境疗法精神病护理学/方法人类

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Revisiting nursing in a nontherapeutic environment

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Issues in Mental Health Nursing 2000年第3期21卷 257-267页

作者： Schreiber, Rita Lützén, Kim School of Nursing University of Victoria Victoria BC Canada Department of Nursing Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden University of Victoria School of Nursing Victoria BC V8W 2Y2 PO Box 1700 Canada

To address unanswered questions raised by a previous study of nurses' ethical decision making in the context of psychiatric-mental health nursing, a reinterpretation of the previous data was conducted. In the earlier study, the core category was found to be Moral Survival in a Nontherapeutic Environment, and involved the nurses in a precarious and somewhat unsatisfactory balance in meeting their patients' needs while attempting to elicit no harm to themselves and others. In this second interpretation, we considered the nurses' actions from two different ethical perspectives - an ethic of care and a critical feminist ethic - in order to gain a deeper understanding of how these mental health nurses balance ethical demands in a nontherapeutic environment, and to understand why the nurses did not express satisfaction with their work. Copyright © 2000 Taylor & Francis.

关键词：适应心理学冲突(心理学) 决策神入伦理学护理女权主义模型护理学护士病人关系护理方法学研究护理人员/心理学病人辩护精神病护理学/方法人类

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Promoting the mental health of elderly African Americans: A case illustration

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ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2000年第4期14卷 191-198页

作者： Thornton, KA Tuck, I Virginia Commonwealth Univ Sch Nursing Richmond VA 23298 USA Florida Atlantic Univ Coll Nursing Boca Raton FL 33431 USA

Promoting mental health in an illness-oriented health care delivery system is challenging. Health promotion from a holistic perspective requires that mental health be viewed as important as physical health. The mental health needs of the elderly are numerous and often not addressed during routine visits for primary health care. Research consistently reports that elderly African Americans are not equal participants in the formal health care system. Consequently, promoting mental health in the African American elderly is a challenge made even more complicated because of this group's limited access to and use of mental health care services. Promoting the health of African Americans confronts many traditional values and practices of health care institutions and mental health practice. Therefore, health care providers must be innovative and creative to facilitate mental health promotion in this population of clients. The authors suggest that the Revised Health Promotion Model can serve as a framework for guiding the mental health care of elderly African Americans, Aspects of the model are particularly relevant for this population. The case of an elderly Black woman is presented as an illustration of ways in which the model may be applied with many cultural nuances, Copyright (C) 2000 by W.B. Saunders Company.

关键词：非洲裔美国人/心理学老年人/心理学健康态度/人种学健康知识态度实践健康促进/方法精神障碍/人种学精神障碍/护理精神卫生模型护理学病人医疗护理计划精神病护理学/方法生活质量跨文化护理/方法美国/流行病学老年人 80以上女(雌)性人类

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Effects of music listening on depressed women in Taiwan

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Issues in Mental Health Nursing 1999年第3期20卷 229-246页

作者： Lai, Yu-Ming School of Nursing Chang Gung University Tachih Taipei 104 555 Mingshui Road #611 Taiwan

This study investigated the physiological and psychological effects of music listening on depressed women in Taiwan. Through the use of a pretest posttest, control group, experimental design, the heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and immediate mood states before and after a music /sound intervention were measured in 30 women. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively and with t tests. A qualitative questionnaire was administered to participants to elicit information related to the subjective experience of music /sound listening. Significant posttest differences were found in experimental group participants' heart rates, respiratory rates, blood pressure, and tranquil mood states. Significant posttest differences also were found in control group participants' heart rates and tranquil mood states. The results support the use of music listening as a body mind healing modality for depressed women.

关键词：情感健康态度血压抑郁/病理生理学抑郁/心理学抑郁/治疗心率音乐疗法/方法护理方法学研究精神病护理学/方法心理生理学问卷调查呼吸台湾成年人老年人女(雌)性人类中年人

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The use of physical restraints to psychogeriatric patients in Hong Kong

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Issues in Mental Health Nursing 1999年第6期20卷 571-586页

作者： Chien, Wai-Tong Department of Nursing Chung Chi College Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N.T. Hong Kong

The use of physical restraint has been a controversial intervention in the nursing management of hospitalized elderly patients in many countries. This ethnographic study was conducted in one psychogeriatric ward in Hong Kong in order to explore what determines psychiatric nurses' decisions to use restraints on their elderly patients. By comparing the findings of three data sources, comprising semistructured interviews, observations, and clinical records, five main themes were identified with regard to the nurses decision of restraint use. They included the rationale of physical restraint, consideration of alternative measures, consideration of adverse consequences, ethical considerations, and policy and documentation of restraint use. The findings of this study demonstrate that nurses must question the established practice myths about restraint use being the best way to maintain patient safety. Most importantly, nurses need cognitive and ethical preparation to face different situations in which physical restraint may be used.

关键词：人类学文化医务工作者的态度决策老年人身心健康评价老年护理学/方法老年精神病学/方法健康知识态度实践香港精神障碍/护理护理估计护理方法学研究护理人员医院/教育护理人员医院/心理学精神病护理学/方法问卷调查约束身体的安全成年人老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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Altruism and creative expression in a long-term older adult psychotherapy group

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Issues in Mental Health Nursing 1999年第6期20卷 603-617页

作者： Bonhote, Karen Romano-Egan, JoAnn Cornwell, Carol Behav. Health Older Adults Clinic University of Rochester Strong Memorial Hospital Rochester NY United States Strong Behavioral Health Nursing School of Nursing University of Rochester Rochester NY United States Strong Memorial Hospital Rochester NY 14642 601 Elmwood Avenue United States

This article describes the use of altruism and creative expression in an older adult psychotherapy group. These interventions, for which theoretic rationale and clinical examples are provided, are designed to decrease feelings of powerlessness that accompany life changes;to facilitate insight into feelings, coping, and preventative strategies for adaptation to change and loss;and to combat stereotypes, false beliefs, and myths imposed by a youth-oriented society. An integrated therapeutic model, combining psychodynamic, supportive, and cognitive/behavioral approaches, was used in the design of this group intervention for older adults. The authors, using rich clinical examines coupled with discussion of related theoretic background, provide the psychotherapist with an interesting perspective on this unique use of group psychotherapy with older adults. Such groups can provide a context within which to offer these patients the hope of relatedness, the opportunity to gain independence, and a heightened sense of integrity and possibility in one's later years.

关键词：适应心理学老年人/心理学利他主义创造性饮食习惯/心理学老年护理学/方法团体处理体内外控制长期医疗/方法长期医疗/心理学权力(心理学) 精神病护理学/方法心理疗法分组/方法刻板老年人 80以上女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2002年第5期16卷 224-231页

作者： Patusky, KL Univ Michigan Sch Nursing Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

Fatigue is a phenomenon that advanced practice psychiatric nurses may see in both psychiatric and nonpsychiatric clients. Qualitative study findings support the need for health care professionals to intervene with the relational effects of fatigue. This article details the use of relatedness theory as a framework for nursing interventions. Relatedness states of disconnectedness and parallelism, and changes in relatedness elements of synchrony, sense of belonging, reciprocity, and mutuality are addressed. Therapeutic approaches to the negative relatedness influences of fatigue include evaluating the lack of presence, decreasing expectations, addressing effects on the family, and influencing the states and elements of relatedness. Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

关键词：适应心理学家庭/心理学疲劳/病因学疲劳/护理疲劳/心理学性别特性职业间关系模型护理学需求估价临床护理医生护理理论精神病护理学/方法心理学理论妇女卫生工作负荷量女(雌)性人类

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The neurobiology of anxiety disorders: Implications for psychiatric nursing practice

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Issues in Mental Health Nursing 2000年第1期21卷 71-89页

作者： Antai-Otong, Deborah Employee Support Program and Critical Incident Team Veterans Administration North Texas Health Care System Dallas TX United States Employee Support Program and Critical Incident Team Veterans Administration North Texas Health Care System Dallas TX 75216 4500 South Lancaster Road (UC) United States

This era of neurobiological advances challenges psychiatric nurses to develop innovative practice models that address the needs of clients with anxiety disorders. Technological discoveries and molecular and genetic research provide a wealth of evidence-based data that serve as the basis of symptom management, prevention, and health promotion and maintenance in clients experiencing anxiety disorders. This article provides an overview of current data-based studies and conceptual models of various anxiety disorders and their key components. Underpinnings include the interrelationship among neurotransmitter systems, neuroendocrinological processes, and neuroanatomical structures and their role in mediating stress, normal anxiety, and various anxiety disorders. Treatment considerations are also an integral part of this article. The discussion of pharmacologic and nonpharmacological interventions reflect dysregulation of intricate neurobiologic processes and concurrent behaviors and individual client needs. Copyright © 2000 Taylor & Francis.

关键词：抗焦虑药/治疗应用焦虑/分类焦虑/诊断焦虑/病因学焦虑/病理生理学焦虑/治疗行为疗法生物精神病学模型护理学需求估价神经内分泌学精神病护理学/方法受体神经递质/药物作用受体神经递质/生理学人类

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