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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION 1999年第6期130卷 848-854页

作者： Schleyer, TKL Pham, T Temple Univ Sch Dent Dept Dent Informat Philadelphia PA 19140 USA

Background. An increasing number of continuing dental education, or CDE, courses are available on the Internet. The authors conducted this study to determine general characteristics of online CDE course offerings. Methods. The authors found online CDE courses through Internet search engines and dental indexes. They recorded each course's Web page address, title, topic, length, credit hours and cost. Then they classified course providers, categorized topics, compared course length with credit hours and calculated cost per credit hour. Results. The authors located 157 online CDE courses offered by 32 providers. The courses covered a wide range of topics, and most were;five screens long or shorter. Credit hours per screen ranged from 0.05 to two, and cost per credit hour ranged from no charge to $25. Conclusions. Online CDE courses are hard to locate, making this material accessible only to people who are well-versed in retrieving information on the Internet. The brevity of most courses may make them appropriate for incremental study at the dental practitioner's convenience. Guidelines to correlate credit hours with course length should be developed. Practice Implications. Online CDE courses may become an important tool to help practitioners keep current. Several issues, however, need to be addressed before online CDE can reach its full potential.

关键词：计算机辅助教学教育牙科继续/方法教育远程因特网人类

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MammoWeb continuing medical education (CME): A web-based breast imaging CME program

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JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING 1999年第2期12卷 124-126页

作者： Krebs, TL Berg, WA Roys, SR Ratakonda, S Pomerantz, SM Siegel, EL Univ Maryland Sch Med Dept Radiol Baltimore MD 21201 USA

The ubiquity of the world-wide web allows unique educational opportunities for continuing medical education (CME). We have designed a comprehensive breast imaging CME curriculum to permit individual physicians in their homes or offices to use personal computers to ease the burden of this process. Category 1 CME credits can be earned off-hours without having the physician travel out of town. In addition, since the course is computer-based, the overall costs to the participant are substantially reduced. The program can be updated on an ongoing basis to include new technology or to provide additional information requested by the users. Copyright (C) 1999 by W.B. Saunders Company.

关键词：乳腺疾病/诊断成本及成本分析课程诊断显像教育医学继续/经济学教育医学继续/方法因特网微型计算机放射学/教育软件工艺学放射学/教育女(雌)性人类

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Review of a pilot quality-assessment program for interpretative comments

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ANNALS OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY 2002年第3期39卷 250-260页

作者： Vasikaran, SD Penberthy, L Gill, J Scott, S Sikaris, KA Royal Perth Hosp Dept Core Clin Pathol & Biochem Perth WA 6847 Australia RCPA AACB Chem Pathol Grp Adelaide SA Australia Dorevitch Pathol Heidelberg Vic Australia

Background Interpretative commenting constitutes an important aspect of the I post-analytical phase in chemical pathology, but has only recently been the subject of quality assessment. The Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia (RCPA)Australasian Association of Clinical Biochemists (AACB) Chemical Pathology Patient Report Comments Program is currently in its third year, having started in 2000 as a pilot program. We present a review of the pilot program. Methods The program is aimed at individuals rather than laboratories. Two cases were circulated to participants of the Chemical Pathology Quality Assurance Program every month over a 6-month period. The case report contained the age and sex of the patient, together with brief clinical notes, the biochemistry results for commenting and other information of relevance. Three lines of space were given for the comment. The comments received from participants were broken down into their components and translated into common key phrases for the purpose of summarization and analysis. A histogram of the frequency of use of the common key phrases was generated. The comments or the key phrases were not given scores or marks, nor was any other indication given as to the appropriateness of their comments. Results This approach of simple peer-group comparison of comments without any assessment of the appropriateness of the comments was found to be inadequate;thus, when the program continues, key phrases will be classified according to degree of appropriateness and a suggested comment for each case will be proposed by an 'expert' panel. Conclusions The program can serve a useful role in continuing education. Clinical biochemists and trainees who add interpretative comments to results produced by their laboratory, or give interpretative advice over the telephone, may potentially benefit from participating in this program.

关键词：化学临床/方法化学临床/标准教育医学继续/方法教育医学继续/标准表格和记录管理信息系统/标准病案/标准试点项目质量保证卫生保健/方法质量保证卫生保健/标准老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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PROBLEM-ORIENTED SURGICAL AUDIT IN COMMUNITY HOSPITAL - CONCEPT IN EVOLUTION

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY 1975年第4期129卷 401-406页

作者： STRAUCH, GO STAMFORD HOSP DEPT SURGSTAMFORDCT ST JOSEPH HOSP DEPT SURGSTAMFORDCT

A system of surgical audit based on identification and solution of surgical problems is described. The system relies initially on universal review of patient records on a monthly basis by surgeons in the involved institution. Evolution of the system to one which the records of certain patients can be excluded from review by physicians is seen as practical, if careful definition of such records is maintained. Emphasis on the goal of meaningful quality of care assessment is critial. Utilizing this system, surgeons in Stamford, Connecticut, have found significant deficiencies in diagnostic, therapeutic, or both of these aspects of patient care in 5 per cent of records reviewed. Ninety-five per cent of patients were judged to have had no important inadequacies in their surgical care, based on evidence in their medical records. Attempts to evaluate surgeons' behavioral changes, when deficiencies in their patients' care have been demonstrated, are being pursued actively.

关键词：康涅狄格教育医学继续/方法医院记录医院社区医学审核同行评议外科手术/标准时间因素人类

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An assessment of the quality and usefulness of the EuroTransMed satellite programmes in continuing medical education

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JOURNAL OF TELEMEDICINE AND TELECARE 1999年第2期5卷 111-117页

作者： Wasyluk, JS Wegrzyn, Z Mienkowska, B Orton, PK Med Ctr Postgrad Educ Dept Med Educ PL-01826 Warsaw Poland Univ Exeter Inst Gen Practice Exeter Devon England

The quality and usefulness of the EuroTransMed (ETM) international satellite medical educational programmes were assessed. Medical educational sessions are broadcast once a week from London in English to over 140 sites in Europe. The aim is to provide an update of medical information to physicians as a part of their continuing medical education (CME). A questionnaire was distributed to two groups of postgraduate medical trainees, internists and family doctors. The groups viewed two video-recordings of the satellite broadcasts, translated into Polish. The first programme was watched by 219 doctors and the second by 265. There was a 96% response rate to the questionnaires. Results suggest that the ETM satellite programmes are both relevant and of good quality, but are of limited usefulness to the target audience. These limitations result mainly from a shortage of time available for such a form of education, as well as from difficulty understanding the English broadcasts, because of a lack of fluency among general practitioners in Poland.

关键词：教育医学继续/方法欧洲评价研究方案评价卫星通信人类

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An educational intervention for front-line health professionals in the assessment and management of suicidal patients (The STORM Project)

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PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE 2000年第4期30卷 805-812页

作者： Appleby, L Morriss, R Gask, L Roland, M Lewis, B Perry, A Battersby, L Colbert, N Green, G Amos, T Davies, L Faragher, B Univ Manchester Sch Psychiat & Behav Sci Withington Hosp Manchester M20 8LR Lancs England Univ Manchester Dept Community Psychiat Royal Preston Hosp Natl Primary Care Res & Dev Ctr Manchester M13 9PL Lancs England Univ Manchester Sch Med Dept Postgrad Med & Dent Manchester M13 9PL Lancs England Univ Manchester Sch Med Res Support Unit Manchester M13 9PL Lancs England Univ York Ctr Hlth Econ York YO1 5DD N Yorkshire England

Background. Suicide prevention is a health priority in many countries. Improved management of suicide risk may improve suicide prevention. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of health district-wide training in the assessment and management of people at risk of suicide;and to assess the impact of training on assessment and management skills. Methods. Staff in three health care settings, namely primary care, accident and emergency departments and mental health services (N = 359), were offered suicide risk management training in a district-wide programme, using a flexible 'facilitator' approach. The main outcomes were the rate of attendance at training, and changes in suicide risk assessment and management skills following training. Results. It was possible to deliver training to 167 health professionals (47 % of those eligible) during a 6 month training period. This included 95 primary care staff (39 %), 21 accident and emergency staff (42 %) and 51 mental health staff (78 %). Of these, 103 (69 %) attended all training. A volunteer sample of 28 staff who underwent training showed improvements in skills in the assessment and management of suicide risk. Satisfaction with training was high. The expected costs of district-wide training, if it were able to produce a 2.5 % reduction in the suicide rate, would be pound 99 747 per suicide prevented and pound 3391 per life year gained. Conclusions. Training in the assessment and management of suicide risk can be delivered to approximately half the targeted staff in primary care, accident and emergency departments and mental health services. The current training package can improve skills and is well accepted. If it were to produce a modest fall in the suicide rate, such training would be cost-effective. However, a future training programme should develop a broader training package to reach those who will not attend.

关键词：临床工作能力费用效益分析教育继续/经济学教育继续/方法可行性研究健康知识态度实践卫生人员/教育方案评价地区医疗规划危险因素自杀/预防和控制成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Searching the health care literature efficiently: From clinical decision-making to continuing education

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL 2002年第3期30卷 187-195页

作者： Shojania, KG Olmsted, RN Univ Calif San Francisco Dept Med San Francisco CA 94143 USA St Joseph Mercy Hosp Infect Control Serv Ann Arbor MI 48104 USA

Searching the health care literature is an activity in which infection control professionals must routinely engage to seek evidence-based answers to specific practice questions and to stay abreast of developments in the field. Without the appropriate tools, the tremendous volume of clinical literature makes both of these daunting tasks, in this article, we illustrate techniques for searching MEDLINE efficiently, both as a means of answering particular clinical questions and for generating periodic updates on topics of general interest. With use of a specific example relevant to infection control, we demonstrate the identification of appropriate Medical Subject Headings terms that capture a given question or topic and the development of effective searches with use of these terms. We also touch on the advantages of targeting systematic reviews and meta-analyses in searching for evidence and staying abreast of the literature in general.

关键词：决策教育医学继续/方法感染控制人员信息存储和检索/方法因特网 MEDLINE Meta分析(主题)

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Training for telemedicine

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JOURNAL OF TELEMEDICINE AND TELECARE 1999年第Sup1期5卷 112-114页

作者： Blignault, I Kennedy, C Queensland Telemed Network Townsville Qld 4810 Australia

All technology requires training. Simply installing videoconferencing equipment in a hospital or health centre, and leaving the manufacturer's manual nearby, is not sufficient to encourage or maintain its use for telemedicine. Presenting clinicians and other users with thick policy and procedure documents to be read and understood is also not helpful. Following initial awareness raising about telemedicine and its potential, staff must be properly trained: not just in how to turn on the equipment but in how to use it effectively for consultation, education and administrative purposes. Training needs to be continual, especially where staff turnover is high. It should be practical, pitched at different levels, incorporated into mainstream activities such as orientation courses and staff development days wherever possible, and supplemented with clear, straightforward protocols and user-friendly instruction manuals.

关键词：计算机通信网络教育医学继续/方法远程医学人类

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A survey of general dental practitioners' postgraduate education activity and demand for extended modular postgraduate programmes.

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BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL 1999年第9期187卷 502-506页

作者： Ireland, RS Palmer, NO Bickley, SR Univ Liverpool Unit Dent Pub Hlth & Primary Dent Care Liverpool L3 5PS Merseyside England

The aim of this paper is to assess the level of involvement of general dental practitioners in postgraduate education and training, identify their speciality interests, preferred formal of course presentation and assess the potential demand for modular postgraduate programmes. A questionnaire analysis of a one in three random sample of general dental practitioners on Health Authority lists in the North West of England and North Wales was designed and carried aut. Out of a random sample of 799, 552 GDPs completed an anonymous questionnaire in 1998 which investigated their current postgraduate activity, the areas of specialist interest and their interest in extended modular postgraduate education courses with associated summative assessment. Fifty three percent of respondents attended more than four postgraduate sessions per year of whom the majority (59%) were in the 35-44 year old age group. 79% identified Section 63 courses as their first preference and 63% preferred mixed didactic and 'hands on' courses. Seventy five percent of respondents expressed an interest in attending modular programmes which might lead ta a postgraduate qualification. In conclusion, an enthusiasm to attend existing postgraduate courses was identified but a demand was also perceived for courses of longer duration possibly leading to additional pos,graduate qualifications.

关键词：成本及成本分析课程/统计学和数值数据教育牙科继续/经济学教育牙科继续/方法教育牙科继续/统计学和数值数据英格兰开业医生牙科/经济学开业医生牙科/教育开业医生牙科/统计学和数值数据旅行/统计学和数值数据威尔士成年人人类中年人

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Development and implementation of a tobacco consultation program for managed care pharmacists

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY 2001年第3期58卷 210-+页

作者： Barbour, DM Kaiser Permanente Colorado Clin Pharm Serv Boulder CO 80304 USA

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