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Planning for biological disasters. Occupational health nurses as "first responders".

AAOHN journal : official journal of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses 2002年第4期50卷 174-181页

作者： Salazar, Mary K Kelman, Betty Occupational Health Nursing Program School of Nursing University of Washington Seattle WA United States

1. As a result of recent terrorist events, there is an immediate need for occupational nurses to review their disaster plans and to develop strategies to cope with bioterrorism in their workplaces. 2. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has identified three major categories of biological weapons. Category A, which is the highest priority category (and the focus of this article), includes smallpox, anthrax, botulism, plague, tularemia, filoviruses, and adenoviruses. Dealing with bioterrorism requires occupational health nurses to be familiar with these organisms, including their pathophysiology and methods of prevention, detection, and treatment. 3. Five principles can be used to guide responses to a biological attack. Incorporation of these principles into disaster planning will increase the effectiveness of responses to bioterrorism, if and when it occurs. Developing a plan of action before an event occurs will greatly enhance the likelihood that the repercussions of such an event are minimized.

关键词：炭疽/诊断炭疽/病理生理学生物恐怖救灾计划职业卫生护理/组织和管理鼠疫/诊断鼠疫/病理生理学美国人类

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Occupational health nursing research. An overview from January 1990 to December 1999.

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AAOHN journal : official journal of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses 2002年第7期50卷 315-323页

作者： Smith, Pegeen S Lusk, Sally L Occupational Health Nursing School of Nursing University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan United States

Occupational health nursing research contributes to the scientific knowledge base, shapes practice guidelines, lends credibility to the profession, and ultimately benefits worker health and work settings. This descriptive study reviewed occupational health nursing research published from January 1990 through December 1999 in the AAOHN Journal. A single investigator reviewed all articles published during the 10 year period to determine if they qualified for inclusion by applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. During the 10 year period, a total of 577 articles were published in the AAOHN Journal (the official journal of the American Association for Occupational Health Nurses) with 146 (25.3%) considered to be reports of research. Cumulatively, 261 RNs were authors of the research articles. Of the 146 research articles, 88% addressed the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) priorities, 60% addressed the 1989 AAOHN priorities, and 65% addressed the 2000 AAOHN priorities. Occupational health nursing research is performed primarily by graduate and postgraduate level nurses working either alone or with nurse co-investigators. The occupational health nursing research articles addressed NORA priorities often. However, the outcomes focused priorities of AAOHN were addressed less often. Much has been accomplished in the field of occupational health nursing research and more remains to be performed to ensure a strong research base for occupational health nursing practice.

关键词：临床护理研究/组织和管理职业卫生护理/组织和管理时间因素人类

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Competencies in occupational and environmental health nursing.

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AAOHN journal : official journal of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses 2003年第7期51卷 290-302页

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Obstructive sleep apnea.

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AAOHN journal : official journal of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses 2002年第11期50卷 494-495页

作者： Corbridge, Susan J University of Illinois Chicago College of Nursing Chicago Medical Center Chicago Illinois United States

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Health impact of worksite health promotion programs.

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AAOHN journal : official journal of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses 1999年第3期47卷 135-136页

作者： Lusk, S.L. Occupational Health Nursing Program University of Michigan School of Nursing Ann Arbor United States

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Applying research to practice. Practical guidelines for occupational health nurses.

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AAOHN journal : official journal of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses 2002年第11期50卷 520-525;quiz526-527页

作者： Salazar, Mary K School of Nursing University of Washington Seattle WA United States

Much has been written about the research practice gap--and there is no doubt this gap exists in occupational health nursing. It is an irony that the professionals who would benefit most from occupational health and safety research may be the ones who do not participate in or contribute to research. Closing the gap requires a commitment on the part of both practitioners and researchers. It behooves occupational health nurses to constantly seek ways to make the connection--to forge relationships that can continue to advance the specialty. Researchers must increase their efforts to conduct research in "real world" conditions, because this research is most likely to improve practice. Practitioners must be willing to familiarize themselves with research so they can become active participants in the ongoing effort to find answers to troubling occupational health and safety problems. Rosenheck (2001) presents an interesting perspective on the barriers to eliminating the research practice gap. He purports that, although professionals often are highly respectful of scientific endeavors, in reality, "daily decision making is shaped more by power structures, ingrained routines, and established resource configuration than by current scientific findings." In most organizations, standard operating procedures and behavioral norms are the major influences on workplace practices;scientific evidence plays a minor role (Rosenheck, 2001). Several reasons can be found for this lack of reliance on research as a basis for practice. Studies may demonstrate effectiveness among large groups. However, practitioners may not see the relevance or applicability of such studies to individuals or small groups of clients. Also, practitioners may fear that the implementation of new strategies will require more oversight than they are able to provide. Another logistical barrier is the application of the research may require the collaboration of multiple individuals--dynamic environments with extensive

关键词：革新推广信息传播护士作用护理研究/教育护理研究/组织和管理职业卫生护理/教育职业卫生护理/组织和管理研究设计/标准安全管理/组织和管理人类

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Managing during times of uncertainty. Part I--Short-term strategies.

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AAOHN journal : official journal of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses 2002年第4期50卷 165-166页

作者： Strasser, Patricia B BusinessHealth Solutions Inc. Toledo OH United States

During times of uncertainty, nurse managers must first and foremost act like leaders. They must be visible, stay focused on the situation at hand, demonstrate congruency, convey empathy to their employees, and communicate effectively. While this discussion has dealt with some "short term" approaches to handle uncertain situations, short term may be hours, days, or weeks depending on the type of crisis or situation. The strategies are critical to managing situations during the period immediately following an unexpected event. However, these strategies do not become obsolete as managers begin to address the long term ramifications of the event. Rather, they should serve as a foundation and guide for future management activity.

关键词：信息交流神入领导职业卫生护理/组织和管理人类

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Improving employee communication in the clinical setting. A nurse's perspective.

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AAOHN journal : official journal of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses 2002年第11期50卷 515-519页

作者： Zimmermann, Polly Gerber Department of Nursing Harry S. Truman College Chicago IL United States

1. Integrating public relations techniques with clinical competence promotes employee satisfaction (and appreciation). 2. Described techniques improve the employee's clinic interaction, perception of the nurses' understanding care, and involvement in the treatment. 3. Nurses should incorporate the service industry's "tricks of the trade" to deal with dissatisfied employees. These include point of impact intervention, blameless apology, and broken record.

关键词：临床工作能力/标准信息交流护士作用护士病人关系职业卫生护理/组织和管理病人满意度公共关系全面质量管理/组织和管理工作场所/心理学人类

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