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中山大学学报（医学科学版） 1997年第S1期17卷 74-77,91页

作者：肖海鹏单济川余斌杰中山医科大学附属第一医院内分泌研究室

对非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）有微白蛋白尿患者（ＭＡ组）１９例，不合并有微白蛋白尿患者（ＮＭＡ）２５例，进行２４ｈ动态血压及胰岛素敏感性（葡萄糖利用常数，Ｋ１）测定，探讨其彼此间关系。结果显示：尿白蛋白排泄率与... 详细信息

对非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）有微白蛋白尿患者（ＭＡ组）１９例，不合并有微白蛋白尿患者（ＮＭＡ）２５例，进行２４ｈ动态血压及胰岛素敏感性（葡萄糖利用常数，Ｋ１）测定，探讨其彼此间关系。结果显示：尿白蛋白排泄率与夜间平均收缩压呈正相关，与昼夜收缩压差值及Ｋ１呈负相关；ＭＡ组白天及夜间平均收缩压均显著高于ＮＭＡ组，但昼夜收缩差值则ＭＡ组低于ＮＭＡ组，Ｋ１值ＭＡ组亦显著低于ＮＭＡ组。提示ＮＩＤ－ＤＭ患者尿白蛋白排泄率与夜间收缩压、血压昼夜节律以及胰岛素敏感性等有明显的关系。

关键词：糖尿病.非胰岛素依赖型/代谢白蛋白尿/代谢血压测定/方法

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IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF NON-INVASIVE BLOOD-PRESSURE MEASURING TECHNIQUES

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TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY 1979年第2期47卷 193-201页

作者： HASSLER, CR LUTZ, GA LINEBAUGH, R CUMMINGS, KD USA

The applicability of noninvasive blood pressure devices to the rhesus monkey and beagle dog during toxicological research protocols was investigated. An extensive literature survey indicated newer developments in this field and blood pressure measurement in the 2 spp. of interest. A survey of all known manufacturers of noninvasive blood pressure measurement equipment was made. From this list sample devices were selected for animal studies. An acute study was performed on dogs and monkeys to ascertain the accuracy of the selected devices. The Physiometrics USM-105 device was the most accurate for measuring systolic and diastolic pressures in dogs and monkeys. In chronic studies, monkeys and dogs were monitored for 3 wk. The Physiometrics device was the most satisfactory. The Arteriosonde 1010 and Infrasonde devices were acceptable but not as accurate. In dogs, at least 50% of the animals could be trained within 1 wk to tolerate blood pressure measurement and give reasonable readings;75% could be trained in 2 wk. In monkeys, approximately 60% of the animals would yield reasonable blood pressure readings, and the conditioning and training periods appeared much less critical.

关键词：血压测定/仪器和设备血压测定/方法导管插入术评价研究(主题) 直鼻猴亚目时间因素动物狗

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KOROTKOFF SOUND FILTERING FOR AUTOMATED 3-PHASE MEASUREMENT OF BLOOD-PRESSURE

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AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL 1976年第5期91卷 584-591页

作者： MAURER, AH NOORDERGRAAF, A UNIV PENN DEPT BIOENGN PHILADELPHIA PA 19174 USA

Under rest conditions, changes in the [human] Korotkoff sounds at phases I, IV and V can be correlated with specific frequencies within the bandpass of the stethoscope. A filter capable of detecting the changes in Korotkoff sounds at phases I, IV and V is described together with the frequency changes that characterize these phases. The importance of frequency components outside the bandpass of the stethoscope is stressed, especially in terms of the possibility of yielding more clinical information and, perhaps, additional clues about the origin of the Korotkoff sounds themselves.

关键词：听诊血压测定/仪器和设备血压测定/方法人类

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Postexercise hypotension differs between white and black women

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AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL 2003年第2期145卷 364-370页

作者： Pescatello, LS Bairos, L VanHeest, JL Maresh, CM Rodriguez, NR Moyna, NM DiPasquale, C Collins, V Meckes, CL Krueger, L Thompson, PD Univ Connecticut Sch Allied Hlth Ctr Hlth Promot Storrs CT 06269 USA New Britain Gen Hosp New Britain CT USA Dublin City Univ Dublin 9 Ireland Hartford Hosp Hartford CT USA

Background Because data are lacking, we examined the acute effect of exercise on ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in premenopausal white women (n = 18) and black women (n = 15) with normal (n = 21) and high (n = 12) BP. Methods Women performed 40 minutes of control and moderate-intensity exercise. BP and hormones were measured before, during, and after the control and exercise periods. By means of RMANCOVA (repeated measures analysis of covarience), we tested whether BP and hormones differed with time and between ethnic, BP, and experimental groups. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine hormonal mediators of the postexercise BP response. Results Among white women with hypertension, average daytime systolic (S) and diastolic (D) BP decreased 11.0 +/- 3.3 mm Hg (-2.9, -19.1;P = .017) and 8.2 +/- 2.8 mm Hg (-1.2, -13.9;P = .000), from 142.6 +/- 5.8 mm Hg and 96.1 +/- 2.8 mm Hg, respectively, after exercise. Among black women with high BP, mean daytime SBP rose 12.5 +/- 5.2 mm Hg (-2.0, 27.1;P = .000) after exercise, from 121.8 +/- 6.1 mm Hg, whereas DBP was similar before and after exercise (81.4 +/- 4.3 mm Hg and 82.8 +/- 4.7 mm Hg, respectively). In white women without hypertension, daytime SBP and DBP were similar before and after exercise. In black women without hypertension, mean daytime SBP increased 6.3 +/- 2.6 mm Hg (0.4, 12.1;P = .000) after exercise,from 103.6 +/- 1.4 mm Hg, and DBP did not change. In black women, hypertension (P = 0.000) and exercise-mediated insulin decreases (P = .005) explained 85.6% of the postexercise SBP response (P = .000). In white women, hypertension (P = .003) and baseline plasma renin (P = .049) accounted for 53.3% of the postexercise SBP response (P = .001). Exercise acutely reduced daytime BP in white women, but not in black women with high BP. Conclusion Endurance exercise may adversely affect the BP of black women.

关键词：非洲大陆世系人群年龄因素方差分析血压/生理学血压测定/方法欧洲大陆世系人群运动(Exercise) 激素类/血液高血压/血液高血压/人种学高血压/病理生理学低血压/血液低血压/人种学低血压/病理生理学绝经前期/血液回归分析成年人女(雌)性人类中年人

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Assessing ambulatory blood pressure in renal diseases: facts and concerns

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NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION 1999年第11期14卷 2564-2568页

作者： Lurbe, E Redon, J Univ Valencia Hosp Clin Hypertens Clin E-46010 Valencia Spain Gen Hosp Dept Paediat Valencia Spain

In summary, the management of patients with renal diseases may be improved by assessing ambulatory BP. Several monitors are now available meet the required criteria of the validation protocols. Accurate devices and easier validation protocols, however, should be developed due to the rapidly expanding use of devices for measuring BP outside the clinic and the imminent retirement of the classic sphygmomanometer using mercury.

关键词：门诊医疗/标准血压血压测定/仪器和设备血压测定/方法血压测定/标准昼夜节律肾疾病/病理生理学监测生理学/标准自我护理人类

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Reproducibility of increased blood pressure during an emergency department or urgent care visit

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ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2003年第4期41卷 507-512页

作者： Backer, HD Decker, L Ackerson, L Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr Emergency Dept Hayward CA USA Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr Dept Emergency Med Hayward CA USA Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr Dept Internal Med Hayward CA USA So Calif Permanente Med Grp Div Res Oakland CA USA

Study objective: We determine the reproducibility of increased blood pressure measurements among adults in the emergency department or minor injury clinic. Methods: The study was conducted at Kaiser Permanente Medical Center in Hayward, CA, a large, group-model health maintenance organization providing capitated insurance coverage. All patients were included in the study who had no current diagnosis of hypertension but had increased blood pressure on their presentation to the ED or minor injury clinic during the 2-month study period. The staff was asked to repeat the blood pressure later during the index visit and provide these patients with written instructions to return for additional repeat measures. We compared blood pressures taken in the ED to measurements before and after the ED visit. Results: Four hundred seven patients were included in the study. Of the initial elevated blood pressures, 211 (51.8%) were stage 1 elevation, 147 (36.1%) were stage 2, and 49 (12.0%) were stage 3 by criteria of the Joint National Committee on Hypertension. Sixty-five percent of patients had repeat measures in the clinic during our 5-month follow-up period, despite active outreach and reminders. Seventy percent of those who had repeat blood pressure documented had at least 1 increased blood pressure after their ED visit. The proportion of patients with at least 1 abnormal blood pressure on subsequent measurement increased with increasing stage of initial blood pressure (64.4% for stage 1, 77.1% for stage 2, 97.1% for stage 3), but was similar for patients with and without pain as a chief complaint and was similar for patients seen in the ED compared with patients seen in urgent care. Compared with blood pressures taken during the ED visit, matched blood pressures taken before or after showed no statistically significant differences. Conclusion: Increased blood pressure is common among emergency or urgent care patients without a history of current hypertension, and most of these

关键词：血压测定/方法血压测定/标准加利福尼亚队列研究混杂因素(流行病学) 急症急诊室医院/统计学和数值数据健康维护组织高血压/分类高血压/诊断普查试验预期值转诊和会诊疾病严重程度指数伤病员分拣女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Monitoring your blood pressure

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POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE 1999年第5期105卷 209-210页

作者： [Anonymous]

About 60 million Americans have high blood pressure, also known as hypertension. It occurs when the pressure of your blood against the artery walls is higher than normal. Hypertension is often referred to as a “silent killer” because it causes no symptoms but greatly increases the risk of stroke, heart attack, and kidney disease.

关键词：血压测定/方法高血压/并发症高血压/预防和控制生活方式自我护理/方法人类

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Comparison of manual versus ambulatory blood pressure measurements with pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of antihypertensive compounds:: Application to moxonidine

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CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS 2000年第1期68卷 18-27页

作者： Trocóniz, IF de Alwis, DP Tillmann, C Callies, S Mitchell, M Schaefer, HG Eli Lilly & Co Ltd Dept Clin Pharmacol Windlesham GU20 6PH Surrey England Univ Navarra Fac Pharm Dept Pharm & Pharmaceut Technol E-31080 Pamplona Spain

Objectives: To compare the results of the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analyses of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurements and manual blood pressure data in patients receiving moxonidine, Methods: 32 patients with borderline to mild-to-moderate hypertension were enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study. After receiving placebo for 1 week (run-in phase), the patients were randomly allocated to the placebo or the 0,6-, 0,9-, or 1,2-mg dose groups. Placebo and moxonidine were administered once daily for 1 week (drug-treatment phase). Pour 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement profiles were obtained for each individual. Plasma samples (n = 9) and four measurements of manual blood pressure were taken at the start and end of the drug-treatment phase. Two additional manual blood pressure measurements were taken during the run-in and drug-treatment phases. Results: Pharmacokinetics was described by a one-compartment model. For the 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurements, baseline circadian patterns were described with a two-cosine function model that included interindividual and interoccasion variability, Pharmacodynamics was described with use of an effect-compartment model [k(e)0 = 0.37 (1/h)] and an E-max model. For diastolic blood pressure the maximum drug-induced decrease (E-max) was 30.9 mm Hg and the steady-state plasma drug concentration eliciting half of maximum effect (C-50) was 1.33 mu g/L. Interindividual variability was estimated for k(e0) (24.8%) and E-max (33.3%). For the manual blood pressure measurements, data was described by a time-invariant baseline model combined with an effect-compartment model and an E-max,, model. Mean population estimates were in agreement with those obtained during the analysis of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurements. However, interindividual variability could be estimated for the baseline parameter only. Conclusions: Although similar typical population estimates for the drug

关键词：抗高血压药/药理学血压/药物作用血压测定/仪器和设备血压测定/方法血压监测便携式双盲法用药计划表高血压/药物疗法咪唑类/投药和剂量咪唑类/药代动力学咪唑类/药理学模型统计学疾病严重程度指数时间因素成年人老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Combined use of pulsed and color M-mode Doppler echocardiography for the estimation of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure: An empirical approach based on an analytical relation

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY 1999年第2期34卷 515-523页

作者： Gonzalez-Vilchez, F Ares, M Ayuela, J Alonso, L Hosp Gen Yague Secc Cardiol Serv Internal Med Burgos 09005 Spain Hosp Gen Yague Intens Care Unit Burgos 09005 Spain Hosp Laredo Cardiol Sect Serv Internal Med Cantabria Spain

OBJECTIVES We sought a noninvasive estimation of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (Pw) by means of the information obtained from transmitral pulsed Doppler and color M-mode Doppler flow propagation velocity (FPV). BACKGROUND Pulsed Doppler parameters have limited accuracy for the estimation of Pw because they are determined by left atrial pressure and other parameters such as ventricular relaxation. Recently, a good correlation has been found between the rate of ventricular relaxation (tau, tau) and FPV measured by color M-mode Doppler echocardiography. METHODS We studied 20 patients who underwent invasive hemodynamic monitoring. By multilinear regression analysis, the relationships between Pw and Doppler parameters, FPV, and a noninvasive estimate (P-est) based on the Weiss' equation (substituting tau for 1/FPV) were determined. A simplified index based on the results obtained was then tested in an additional group of 34 patients. RESULTS By multiple regression analysis only isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) (p = 0.0096) and P-est (p = 0.0043) were related to Pw. A derived empirical index, 10(3)/([2. IVRT]+FPV), was strongly correlated with Pw in the entire group according to the regression equation Pw = 4.5 (10(3)/[{2 IVRT} + FPV]) - 9 (r = 0.89, p < 0.0001, [standard error of the estimate] SEE = 3.3 mm Hg). The sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of Pw > 15 mm Hg were 90% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The combined use of FPV as a surrogate for tau and IVRT permits a close prediction of Pw. (C) 1999 by the American College of Cardiology.

关键词：血流速度血压测定/方法超声心动描记术多普勒彩色超声心动描记术多普勒脉冲心肌收缩试验预期值肺楔压回归分析结果可重复性敏感性与特异性心室功能左女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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MEASUREMENT OF COLLATERAL CEREBRAL HEMISPHERIC BLOOD-PRESSURE BY OCULAR PNEUMOPLETHYSMOGRAPHY

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY 1975年第2期130卷 121-127页

作者： GEE, W MEHIGAN, JT WYLIE, EJ UNIV CALIF MED CTRDEPT SURGSAN FRANCISCOCA

A new technic of ocular pneumoplethysmorgraphy for the simultaneous determination of blood pressures in the ophthalmic artery branches of the internal carotid arteries is described. It provides a noninvasive, atraumatic method for assessing hemispheric blood flow. When performed with simultaneous carotid compression, it provides a means for assessing the availability of collateral blood flow to the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere. Clinical applications related to carotid artery disease and carotid artery surgery are discussed.

关键词：血压测定/方法脑/病理生理学颈动脉颈动脉疾病/病理生理学颈动脉疾病/外科学颈内动脉脑血管循环侧支循环眼内压眼动脉体积描记术/仪器和设备体积描记术/方法人类

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