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Localization of Mycobacterium leprae to endothelial cells of epineurial and perineurial blood vessels and lymphatics

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1999年第5期154卷 1611-1620页

作者： Scollard, DM McCormick, G Allen, JL Louisiana State Univ GWL Hansens Dis Ctr Dept Pathol Res Baton Rouge LA 70894 USA Louisiana State Univ Sch Med Dept Pathol New Orleans LA USA Louisiana State Univ Sch Vet Med Dept Pathol Baton Rouge LA USA

Infection of peripheral nerve by Mycobacterium leprae, the histopathological hallmark of leprosy, is a major factor in this disease, but the route and mechanisms by which bacilli localize to peripheral nerve are unknown. Experimentally infected armadillos have recently been recognized as a model of lepromatous neuritis;the major site of early accumulation of M. leprae is epineurial, To determine the epineurial cells involved, 1-cm segments of 44 nerves from armadillos were screened for acid-fast bacilli, and thin sections were examined ultrastructurally. Of 596 blocks containing nerve, 36% contained acid-fast bacilli. Overall, M. leprae were found in endothelial cells in 40% of epineurial blood vessels and 75% of lymphatics, and in 25% of vessels intraneurally. Comparison of epineurial and endoneurial findings suggested that colonization of epineurial vessels preceded endoneurial infection, Such colonization of epineurial nutrient vessels may greatly increase the risk of endoneurial M, leprae bacteremia, and also enhance the risk of ischemia following even mild increases in inflammation or mechanical stress. These findings also raise the possibility that early, specific mechanisms in the localization of M. leprae to peripheral nerve may involve adhesion events between M. leprae (or M, leprae-parasitized macrophages) and the endothelial cells of the vasa nervorum.

关键词：南美犰狳卡方分布疾病模型动物内皮血管/微生物学淋巴系统/微生物学分枝杆菌麻风/分离和提纯周围神经/微生物学动物

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The cytotoxin YopT of Yersinia enterocolitica induces modification and cellular redistribution of the small GTP-binding protein RhoA

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JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 1999年第41期274卷 29289-29293页

作者： Zumbihl, R Aepfelbacher, M Andor, A Jacobi, CA Ruckdeschel, H Rouot, B Heesemann, J Max Von Pettenkofer Inst Hyg & Med Microbiol D-80336 Munich Germany Univ Montpellier 2 INSERM U431 F-34095 Montpellier France

Pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica produces two virulence plasmid-encoded cytotoxins, YopE and YopT, that are translocated into target cells where they disrupt the actin cytoskeleton. Here we show that infection of cells with wild type Y. enterocolitica and a yopE mutant, but not with a yopT mutant, induces an increase in the electrophoretic mobility of the small. GTPase RhoA As tested by isoelectric focusing, YopT-dependent modification resulted in an acidic shift of RhoA. Furthermore, RhoA modification induced by YopT was accompanied by redistribution of membrane-bound RhoA toward the cytosol, Finally, a yopE mutant of Y, enterocolitica expressing the cytotoxic activity of YopT specifically disrupted RhoA-controlled actin stress fibers. These findings provide evidence for inactivation of RhoA by the translocated Y. enterocolitica cytotoxin YopT and suggest a novel inhibitory modification of RhoA by a bacterial virulence factor.

关键词：细菌外膜蛋白质类/药理学细菌蛋白质类/药理学 COS细胞半胱氨酸内肽酶类细胞毒素类/药理学内皮血管/细胞学内皮血管/微生物学等电聚焦显微镜检查荧光突变毒力小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌/化学小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌/致病力 ρAGTP结合蛋白质/化学动物

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Endothelial injury in vasculitides

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CLINICS IN DERMATOLOGY 1999年第5期17卷 587-590页

作者： Witort-Serraglini, E Del Rosso, M Lotti, TM Matucci-Cerinic, M Univ Florence Dept Gen Pathol I-50139 Florence Italy

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An unusual vascular graft infection by Aspergillus -: A case report and literature review

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ANGIOLOGY 1999年第2期50卷 169-173页

作者： Fuster, RG Clará, A di Stefano, S Legarra, J Sarralde, JA Univ Navarra Clin Univ Dept Cardiovasc Surg Navarra Spain

Vascular graft infection due to Aspergillus is a rare event. Only 11 previous case reports have been documented. All of these infections were in the aortic position, and infrainguinal arterial prosthetic graft involvement has been uncommon. The usual clinical presentation was back pain. Fever and systemic complaints were usually present. An unusual case that began with bilateral groin pain is reported and a review of the clinical presentation and the management of the other cases described in the literature is presented.

关键词：主动脉/外科学主动脉疾病/药物疗法主动脉疾病/微生物学主动脉疾病/外科学曲霉菌病/诊断曲霉菌病/药物疗法曲霉菌病/外科学股动脉/外科学随访研究移植物闭塞血管/药物疗法移植物闭塞血管/微生物学移植物闭塞血管/外科学缺血/病因学缺血/外科学腿/血液供给聚对苯二甲酸乙酯类聚四氟乙烯假体相关感染/诊断假体相关感染/药物疗法假体相关感染/外科学再手术血栓形成/病因学血栓形成/外科学人类男(雄)性中年人

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Interactions of Bartonella henselae with vascular endothelial cells

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CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY 1999年第1期2卷 78-82页

作者： Dehio, C Max Planck Inst Biol Dept Infect Biol D-72076 Tubingen Germany

The emerging human pathogen Bartonella henselae has the remarkable capacity to colonise vascular tissues and to stimulate vasoproliferative tumour growth. Although the molecular principle of bacterium-induced neovascularisation (angiogenesis) is still unclear, recent studies have indicated a novel mechanism of endothelial colonisation that involves the formation, engulfment and uptake of a large bacterial aggregate.

关键词：血管生成诱导剂/生理学血管瘤病杆菌性/微生物学巴尔通体汉赛/代谢巴尔通体汉赛/致病力细胞系内皮血管/微生物学内皮血管/生理学内皮血管/超微结构炎症介导素类/生理学行走/药物作用显微镜检查电子新生血管化病理性/免疫学新生血管化病理性/微生物学毒力人类

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Human endothelial cells are activated by interferon-γ plus tumour necrosis factor-α to kill intracellular Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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IMMUNOLOGY 2000年第2期101卷 271-278页

作者： De Assis, MC Da Costa, AO Barja-Fidalgo, TC Plotkowski, MC Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro Dept Microbiol & Immunol Rio De Janeiro Brazil Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro Dept Pharmacol Rio De Janeiro Brazil

Proinflammatory cytokines have been shown to activate endothelial cells. To investigate the effect of cytokines on the interaction of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, cells were treated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) plus tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) for 24 hr and exposed to P. aeruginosa suspension for 1 hr. Light microscopy showed that activated cells internalized significantly more bacteria than control cells. To ascertain the effect of cytokines on the microbicidal activity of HUVEC, the concentrations of viable intracellular (IC) bacteria in control and activated cells were determined, at 1 and 5 hr postinfection, by the gentamicin exclusion assay. In control cells, no significant decrease in the concentration of bacteria was detected 5 hr postinfection. In contrast, in activated cells the concentration of viable bacteria at 5 hr was significantly lower. Concentrations of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide detected in supernatants of activated cells were significantly higher than in control cell supernatants. HUVEC anti-P. aeruginosa activity was insensitive to the antioxidants superoxide dismutase, dimethylthiourea and allopurinol as well as to the L-arginine analogues aminoguanidine and N-G-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), but was significantly inhibited by catalase. Our results indicate that HUVEC can be activated by IFN-gamma plus TNF-alpha to kill IC P. aeruginosa and suggest a role for reactive oxygen radicals, notably hydrogen peroxide, in HUVEC antibacterial activity.

关键词：细胞培养技术细胞存活/免疫学胞吞作用/免疫学内皮血管/免疫学内皮血管/微生物学干扰素γ/免疫学一氧化氮/免疫学铜绿假单胞菌/免疫学活性氧/免疫学肿瘤坏死因子α/免疫学脐静脉/免疫学脐静脉/微生物学人类

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MB病人表皮、皮肤附件和血管上皮内的麻风菌

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中国麻风皮肤病杂志 1998年第4期14卷 275页

作者：赵西丁

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