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RECOVERY OF ADH ACTIVITY IN URINE OF GOATS UNDER NORMAL AND STIMULATED CONDITIONS

ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 1975年第1期95卷 102-109页

作者： LISHAJKO, F ANDERSSON, B KAROLINSKA INST DEPT PHYSIOL 1STOCKHOLMSWEDEN

The hydrated goat was used for bioassays of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) activity recovered by resin column separation from the urine of other animals of the same species. A methodological innovation in the separation procedure was ethanol purification of the column before elution. In this manner substances which sometimes obscured the bioassays were eliminated without loss of ADH activity. With the bioassay method employed, it was possible to determine to the nearest 0.5 of a mU the ADH activity of unknown samples, provided they contained between 0-5 mU of ADH. When arginine vasopressin was infused intravenously into hydrated animals, slightly more than 10% of its antidiuretic activity was recovered in the urine. In the water replete goat the ADH activity found in the urine was of the order of 1 mU per hr urine secretion, indicating a neurohypophyseal ADH release of approximately 5 muU/kg min. After 48 h of dehydration in an environmental temperature of 20 degrees C the renal ADH excretion increased to about 8 mU/h, suggesting an 8-fold increase of ADH secretion over basic, water replete secretion of ADH. ADH secretion of the same high order was induced in hydrated animals by the infusion of angiotensin II together with hypertonic NaCl into the lateral cerebral ventricle.

关键词：血管紧张素Ⅱ/药理学精氨酸加压素/药理学利尿/药物作用山羊/尿刺激化学性时间因素胰蛋白酶/代谢血管升压素类/投药和剂量血管升压素类/尿动物女(雌)性

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ISOPROTERENOL IN OFFSETTING ADVERSE EFFECTS OF VASOPRESSIN IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY 1975年第2期129卷 130-136页

作者： SIRINEK, KR THOMFORD, NR OHIO STATE UNIV COLL MEDDEPT SURGCOLUMBUSOH 43210

Vasopressin administered as a peripheral infusion (40 U/hr) significantly reduced portal vein pressure in ten awake patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. A vasopressin-induced reduction in cardiac output occurred in five of the ten patients (50 per cent). Vasopressin-induced changes in systemic arterial pressure, heart rate, and portal venous pressure were independent of alterations in cardiac output. When the five patients with vasopressin-induced reductions in cardiac output were given a combination of vasopressin and isoproterenol, cardiac output was maintained and the reduction in portal vein pressure was equal to that observed with unopposed vasopressin therapy. Thus, the addition of isoproterenol prevented a vasopressin-induced reduction in cardiac output while permitting vasopressin to reduce portal vein pressure.

关键词：血压/药物作用心排血量/药物作用药物评价食管和胃静脉曲张/药物疗法胃肠出血/药物疗法心率/药物作用输注胃肠外异丙肾上腺素/治疗应用肝硬化/并发症肝硬化/病理生理学门脉系统/药物作用血管升压素类/投药和剂量血管升压素类/治疗应用女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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EFFICACY OF SELECTIVE SPLANCHNIC ARTERIOGRAPHY AND VASOPRESSIN PERFUSION IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY 1976年第4期131卷 481-489页

作者： JOHNSON, WC WIDRICH, WC TUFTS UNIV VET ADM HOSP SCH MEDDEPT SURGBOSTONMA 02130 TUFTS UNIV VET ADM HOSP SCH MEDDEPT RADIOLBOSTONMA 02130

Vasopressin infusion initially controlled 80 per cent of patients bleeding from portal hypertension, and 53 per cent did not rebleed after removal of the catheter. This figure is significantly greater than the 28 per cent of patients totally controlled by esophageal tamponade (p <0.075). Similar rates of success were achieved by vasopressin infusion for gastric, duodenal, and colonic bleeding sites. These results suggest that visceral arterial infusion of vasopressin is the method of choice for the short-term therapeutic management of massive gastrointestinal bleeding from portal hypertension. Vasopressin infusion also appears to be a valuable means of treating patients with massive gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to shallow gastric ulcers, gastritis, Mallory-Weiss tears, colonic bleeding and “poor risk” patients with deep gastric, marginal, or duodenal ulcers when conventional medical therapy has failed. The presence of a coagulation abnormality in patients with portal hypertension significantly reduced the complete control of bleeding to only 27 per cent (p <0.010) and survival rate to 14 per cent (p <0.050). Visceral arterial perfusion proved to be an effective means of arresting hemorrhage, but the overall improvement in hospital mortality in this group of poor risk patients remains unproved.

关键词：腹部/血液供给血管造影术腹腔动脉/放射摄影术食管和胃静脉曲张/并发症胃肠出血/药物疗法胃肠出血/放射摄影术高血压门静脉/并发症输注胃肠外肠系膜动脉/放射摄影术消化性溃疡出血/药物疗法血管升压素类/投药和剂量人类

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EFFECT OF VASOACTIVE AGENTS ON DISTRIBUTION OF RENAL CORTICAL BLOOD-FLOW IN DOGS

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ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 1975年第3期95卷 318-328页

作者： TYSSEBOTN, I KIRKEBO, A UNIV BERGEN INST PHYSIOLBERGENNORWAY

The distribution of renal cortical blood flow was studied in 6 Nembutal anesthetized dogs during control periods and during infusions of adrenaline, noradrenaline, angiotensin and vasopressin. Local cortical blood flow was measured as H2 gas desaturation rate recorded polarographically by platinum electrodes in outer and inner cortex. The total renal blood flow (RBF) was measured by an electromagnetic flow meter. In the control period the outer cortical blood flow (OCF) and inner cortical blood flow (ICF) averaged 3.59 (+/- S.D. 0.85) ml/min - g and 3.23 (+/- S.D. 0.64) ml/min - g, respectively. Infusions of the various vasoactive agents caused essentially equal vascular responses. All agents caused increased local renal resistance and reduction of RBF whether given intravenously or intraarterially. The RBF could be lowered to 20-50% of initial control flow by increasing doses of vasoactive agents. OCF and ICF fell proportionately and almost to the same extent as RBF, or OCF fell slightly more than ICF. There was no evidence for patchy or zonal hypoperfusion in cortex caused by infusion of adrenaline, noradrenaline, angiotensin and vasopressin.

关键词：血管紧张素Ⅱ/投药和剂量血管紧张素Ⅱ/药理学血压/药物作用肾上腺素/投药和剂量肾上腺素/药理学注射动脉内注射静脉内肾/血液供给去甲肾上腺素/投药和剂量去甲肾上腺素/药理学局部血流/药物作用刺激化学性血管升压素类/投药和剂量血管升压素类/药理学动物狗女(雌)性男(雄)性

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ANGIOGRAPHIC MANAGEMENT OF BLEEDING FOLLOWING TRANSCOLONOSCOPIC POLYPECTOMY

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DIGESTIVE DISEASES 1975年第12期20卷 1196-1201页

作者： CARLYLE, DR GOLDSTEIN, HM UNIV TEXAS MD ANDERSON HOSP & TUMOR INSTTEXAS MED CTRDEPT DIAGNOSTIC RADIOL6723 BERTNER AVEHOUSTONTX 77025

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SELECTIVE INTRA-ARTERIAL INFUSION OF VASOPRESSIN FOR CONTROL OF GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING - EXPERIENCE WITH 35 CASES

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GASTROINTESTINAL RADIOLOGY 1976年第1期1卷 59-65页

作者： MELSON, GL GEISSE, G STANLEY, RJ WASHINGTON UNIV SCH MEDMALLINCKRODT INST RADIOLST LOUISMO 63110

Selective intraarterial infusion of vasopressin was performed in 32 patients for 35 episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding. Active bleeding was from esophageal varices in 11 cases and from an arterial site in 22 (stomach 11, duodenum 1, jejunum 2, colon 7, liver 1), including a jejunal diverticulum and a colonic ulcer in Behcet's disease. Two patients, not actively bleeding, were infused for portal decompression before an elective mesocaval shunt. Active bleeding was controlled in 64% of patients with variceal hemorrhage and in 59% of those with arterial sources. Infusion periods ranged from 15 minutes to 70 hours. There were no significant complications directly attributable to this therapy.

关键词：血管造影术胃肠出血/药物疗法胃肠出血/病因学胃肠出血/放射摄影术输注动脉内肠/血液供给胃/血液供给血管升压素类/投药和剂量血管升压素类/治疗应用青少年成年人老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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PERIPHERAL VASOPRESSIN FOR SAFE AND ADEQUATE CONTROL OF PORTAL-HYPERTENSION DURING SHUNT OPERATIONS

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY 1976年第1期131卷 103-107页

作者： SIRINEK, KR MARTIN, EW THOMFORD, NR OHIO STATE UNIV COLL MED DEPT SURG COLUMBUS OH USA

Nine patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension were given intraoperative vasopressin (40 U/hr) in a continuous peripheral infusion during establishment of a distal splenorenal shunt. In all patients a significant and sustained reduction in portal venous pressure was achieved. As a result, blood loss during dissection and the time required for operation were minimized. The expected vasopressin-induced reduction in cardiac output was limited to a transient decrease at 5 minutes. There were no significant cardiac arrhythmias. These results suggest that vasopressin given through a peripheral vein during shunt operations is safe and facilitates dissection by providing significant and sustained reductions in portal venous pressure.

关键词：血压/药物作用药物评价高血压门静脉/外科学输注胃肠外肾静脉/外科学脾静脉/外科学血管升压素类/投药和剂量血管升压素类/治疗应用成年人老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Vasopressin in the treatment of Milrinone-induced hypotension in severe heart failure

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY 2000年第4期85卷 506-508页

作者： Gold, J Cullinane, S Chen, J Seo, S Oz, MC Oliver, JA Landry, DW Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg Dept Med New York NY 10032 USA Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg Dept Surg New York NY 10032 USA

Management of patients with severe heart failure and hemodynamic instability remains a difficult challenge. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) III inhibitors increase myocardial contractility and potentiate the inotropy of β agonists, and can be very useful in this setting.1–3 However, PDE III inhibitors also act in vascular smooth muscle to increase cyclic adenosine monophosphate and, via PDE IV inhibition, cyclic guanosine monophosphate.3,4 Although there is little response to these changes in normal subjects,5 in patients with severe heart failure and neurohumoral activation of adenylate and guanylate cyclases,6 PDE III inhibitors induce vasodilation and hypotension.7,8 A specific antagonist for the vascular action of PDE inhibitors could be clinically useful, and exogenous arginine vasopressin was of interest because this hormone inhibits activation of both adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase in vascular smooth muscle.9,10 Accordingly, we examined whether vasopressin at low doses, having no pressor effect in normal subjects, could maintain arterial pressure in patients with severe congestive heart failure receiving PDE III inhibitors.

关键词：血压/药物作用低血压/化学诱导低血压/药物疗法低血压/病理生理学注射静脉内米力农/治疗应用心肌收缩/药物作用磷酸二酯酶抑制剂/治疗应用肺楔压/药物作用回顾性研究治疗结果血管阻力/药物作用血管收缩药/投药和剂量血管收缩药/治疗应用血管升压素类/投药和剂量血管升压素类/治疗应用人类

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MESENTERIC ARTERIAL INFUSIONS OF VASOPRESSIN FOR HEMORRHAGE FROM COLONIC DIVERTICULOSIS

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY 1975年第2期129卷 212-216页

作者： ATHANASOULIS, CA BAUM, S ROSCH, J WALTMAN, AC RING, EJ SMITH, JC SUGARBAKER, E WOOD, W UNIV OREGON MED SCHDEPT RADIOLPORTLANDOR MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP DEPT SURGBOSTONMA 02114 MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP DEPT RADIOLBOSTONMA 02114

Twenty-four patients with massive rectal hemorrhage and known or subsequently proved colonic diverticular disease had the bleeding site localized by mesenteric angiography and received intra-arterial infusion of vasopressin to arrest the bleeding. In twenty-two patients the bleeding was controlled with the vasopressin infusion whereas in the remaining two, hemorrhage did not stop and surgery was performed. Of the twenty-two patients in whom bleeding was arrested by vasopressin infusion, twelve received no further surgical therapy, five had elective prophylactic surgical resection after a period of hemostasis, and the remaining five underwent segmental resection for bleeding that recurred after cessation of the infusion. Of the twelve patients who were not operated on, three had rebleeding two, four, and twelve months after vasopressin infusion and two of these three patients required surgery. The remaining nine have had no recurrent bleeding for periods ranging from seven to thirty-four months. Of ten patients who had segmental resection after precise localization of the bleeding site and initial control with vasopressin, no one has had recurrent hemorrhage for periods ranging from two to eighteen months.

关键词：憩室结肠/并发症评价研究随访研究胃肠出血/药物疗法输注胃肠外肠系膜动脉/放射摄影术复发血管升压素类/投药和剂量血管升压素类/治疗应用老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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静注垂体后叶加压素治疗儿童消化道出血

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中华小儿外科杂志 1989年第2期10卷 122-122页

作者：张鸿毅

本文报道作者在控制儿童消化道出血中应用垂体后叶加压素的经验。本组符合下列上消化道出血标准:①胃灌失败,首次用垂体后叶加压素治疗者;②治疗前输血量≥20ml/kg;③在同一住院

关键词：输注静脉内胃肠出血/药物疗法血管升压素类/治疗应用血管升压素类/投药和剂量儿童人类

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