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Mass media exposure and its impact on family planning in Bangladesh

JOURNAL OF BIOSOCIAL SCIENCE 2000年第4期32卷 513-526页

作者： Islam, MM Hasan, AHMS Univ Dhaka Dept Stat Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh Dhaka Commerce Coll Dhaka Bangladesh

This paper analyses mass media exposure and its effect on family planning in Bangladesh using data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Wealth Survey (BDHS) 1993-94. The findings indicate that radio and television are two important mass media for disseminating family planning information in Bangladesh, However, access to them and exposure to family planning through them are still limited. Slightly more than 40% (42.1%) of respondents reported that they had heard family planning messages via radio, while 17.2% said television, 8.4% said poster and 5.4% said billboard. Respondent's place of residence, education, economic status, geographical region and number of living children appeared to be the most important variable determining mass media exposure to family planning. Multivariate analysis shows that both radio and TV exposure to family planning messages and ownership of a radio and TV have a significant effect on current use of family planning methods. These factors remain significant determinants of contraceptive use, even after controlling socioeconomic and demographic factors. The study reveals that both socioeconomic development policies and family planning programmes with a special emphasis on mass media, especially radio, may have a significant effect on contraceptive use in Bangladesh. The principal policy challenge is to design communications strategies that will reach the less privileged, rural and illiterate people who are by far the majority in Bangladesh.

关键词：孟加拉国避孕行为计划生育服务/方法计划生育服务/统计学和数值数据健康知识态度实践 Logistic模型大众媒体多元分析方案评价社会经济因素青少年成年人儿童女(雌)性人类中年人

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Household organization, women's autonomy, and contraceptive behavior in Southern Ethiopia

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STUDIES IN FAMILY PLANNING 1999年第4期30卷 302-314页

作者： Hogan, DP Berhanu, B Hailemariam, A Brown Univ Populat & Studies Training Ctr Providence RI 02912 USA Univ Addis Ababa Demog Training & Res Ctr Addis Ababa Ethiopia

The Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region of Ethiopia (SNNPR) is home to 11 million people constituting more than 45 language and ethnic groups, most of whom live in extremely poor rural communities. Data for currently married, fecund women aged 15-49 from demographic surveys conducted in the SNNPR in 1990 and 1997 are used to investigate contraceptive knowledge and communication, and the use and future need for family planning services in this population. This study focuses on how these processes are affected by household organization and women's status, and on their implications or population policies and programs. Considerations for the implications of these results for understanding the fertility transition of a highly diverse African population under severe stress are presented. Although household extension and polygamy characterize one-third of the women sampled, they do not affect the women's contraceptive behavior. Women's literacy and autonomy ave, by far, the mast significant forces in the movement toward lower fertility in the region.

关键词：避孕行为发展中国家埃塞俄比亚家庭特征计划生育服务/统计学和数值数据性别特性需求估价/统计学和数值数据青少年成年人女(雌)性人类中年人

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Empirically based conversion factors for calculating couple-years of protection

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EVALUATION REVIEW 2000年第1期24卷 3-46页

作者： Stover, J Bertrand, JT Shelton, JD Futures Grp Int Glastonbury CT USA Tulane Univ Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med Dept Int Hlth & Dev New Orleans LA USA US Agcy Int Dev Washington DC 20523 USA

Couple-years of protection (CYP) is one of several commonly used indicators to assess international family planning efforts. It has been the subject of much debate, relating in part to the specific conversion factors used to translate the quantity of the respective contraceptive methods distributed to a single measure of protection. This article outlines a comprehensive effort to revisit those conversion factors based on the best available empirical evidence. In most instances, the analysis supports previously established standard conversion factors. However there are two notable departures. Fewer condoms and spermicides are recommended for each CYP (120 vs. 150), primarily because coital frequency among condom users is lower than previously assumed. Furthermore, for sterilization, the authors recommend the use of country or region-specific conversion factors. Every program evaluation indicator has strengths and weaknesses, and the best program evaluation efforts use a variety of indicators. If CYP is used to evaluate programs, however the authors believe that the conversion factors presented reflect the best available evidence.

关键词：避孕套/利用数据收集计划生育服务/方法计划生育服务/统计学和数值数据国际合作绝育生殖道/统计学和数值数据青少年成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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Are births underreported in rural China? Manipulation of statistical records in response to China's population policies

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DEMOGRAPHY 2000年第1期37卷 109-126页

作者： Merli, MG Raftery, AE Univ Wisconsin Ctr Demog & Ecol Madison WI 53706 USA Univ Washington Dept Stat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Sociol Seattle WA 98195 USA

Under the current family planning policy in China, the criterion for evaluating all parties involved in the birth planning system provides an incentive for everyone to see that the policy is met, either in reality through strict enforcement of family planning regulations, or statistically through manipulation of statistical records. We investigate underreporting of births in four rural counties of northern China, using data from a 1992 sample survey featuring a reproductive history. To clarify the mechanisms of underreporting, we focus on the ways in which reporting errors may affect the distribution of first births by time since marriage. The results of our investigation suggest that in three of the four counties, first-birth intervals are lengthened by underreporting of girl babies and by replacing them with second births reported as first births.

关键词：中国数据收集计划生育服务/统计学和数值数据表格和记录管理/方法婴儿死亡率人口控制/发展趋势比例危险度模型政府政策回归分析农村人口性别比率女(雌)性人类婴儿新生男(雄)性

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Indonesia 1997: Results from the Demographic and Health Survey

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STUDIES IN FAMILY PLANNING 1999年第3期30卷 254-258页

作者： [Anonymous]

Summary statistics from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey, conducted in 1997, are presented.

关键词：出生率/发展趋势儿童福利避孕行为人口统计学计划生育服务/统计学和数值数据印度尼西亚/流行病学青少年成年人儿童学龄前女(雌)性人类婴儿婴儿新生中年人妊娠

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Chad 1996-97: Results from the Demographic and Health Survey

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STUDIES IN FAMILY PLANNING 1999年第3期30卷 249-253页

作者： [Anonymous]

Summary statistics from the Chad Demographic and Health Survey, conducted in 1996-97, are presented.

关键词：出生率/发展趋势乍得/流行病学避孕行为人口统计学计划生育服务/统计学和数值数据健康状况免疫法/统计学和数值数据营养状况青少年成年人儿童学龄前女(雌)性人类婴儿婴儿新生男(雄)性中年人妊娠

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