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Connectivity and control in the year 2000 and beyond

HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW 1998年第4期76卷 148-+页

作者： Nolan, RL Harvard Business Sch Boston MA USA

By now, most executives are familiar with the famous Year 2000 problem - and many believe that their companies have the situation well in hand. After all, it seems to be such a trivial problem - computer software that interprets "00" to be the year 1900 instead of the year 2000. And yet armies of computer professionals have been working on updating code in payroll systems, distribution systems, actuarial systems, sales-tracking systems, and the like. The problem is pervasive. Not only is it in your systems, it's in your suppliers' systems, your bankers' systems, and your customers' systems. It's embedded in chips that control elevators, automated teller machines, process-control equipment, and power grids. Already, a dried-food manufacturer destroyed millions of dollars of perfectly good product when a computer counted inventory marked with an expiration date of "oo" as nearly a hundred years old. And when managers of a sewage-control plant turned the clock to January I, 2000 on a computer system they thought had been fixed, raw sewage pumped directly into the harbor. It has become apparent that there will not be enough time to find and fix all of the problems by Tanuary I, 2000. And what good will it do if your computers work but they're connected with systems that don't! That is one of the questions Harvard Business School professor Richard Nolan asks in his introduction to HBR's Perspectives on the Year 2000 issue. How will you prepare your organization to respond when things start to go wrong? Fourteen commentators offer their ideas on how senior managers should think about connectivity and control in the year zooo and beyond.

关键词：年表商业/组织和管理计算机系统/标准计算机系统/发展趋势计算机大型设备失效信息管理/标准信息管理/发展趋势管理信息系统/标准管理信息系统/发展趋势软件/标准软件/发展趋势系统综合时间美国

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Y2K, embedded chips, casualty hazards and due diligence in healthcare risk management.

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Journal of healthcare risk management : the journal of the American Society for Healthcare Risk Management 1998年第4期18卷 19-28页

作者： Childers, J.R. Fedota Childers & Rocca P.C. Chicago IL United States

Y2K raises challenges for healthcare risk managers that go beyond information technology issues. This article explains that (1) too little public attention is being paid to equipment which may well have Y2K faults and (2) few standards have been articulated for dealing with problems. Healthcare risk managers therefore must return to basic due diligence principles and develop their own standards and protocols. The article explains how to do due diligence and outlines suggested steps for dealing with the non-information technology side of compliance due diligence.

关键词：预算年表计算机系统/标准设备失效坚持准则/经济学卫生保健质量危险处理/标准半导体软件/标准时间美国

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The Big-Bang-For-Your-Buck Theory

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Journal of Business Strategy 1993年第4期14卷 46-51页

作者： Willey, David Leonard N. Stern School of Management New York University.

Do it right, and your investment in information technology can have all sorts of strategic payoffs. Do it wrong, and you'll be paying, dearly, for nothing. Here's a guide to evaluating IT and measuring its imp... 详细信息

关键词：预算/统计学和数值数据计算机系统/经济学计算机系统/标准数据收集经济竞争工业/经济学工业/组织和管理信息系统/经济学信息系统/标准投资/经济学组织目标美国

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Computer analysis of qualitative data: The use of ethnograph

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HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING 1996年第1期11卷 107-111页

作者： Aljunid, S LONDON SCH HYG & TROP MED HLTH POLICY UNITHLTH ECON & FINANCING PROGRAMMELONDON WC1ENGLAND

Ethnograph, a code and retrieve software program for computer analysis of qualitative data, was utilized to assist in analyzing the content of in-depth interviews and focus group data. This program requires basic computer hardware and is fairly easy to use. The main advantage of the program is easy access to data dealing with a particular issue and easy retrieval of text for analysis and illustration. However, to get the maximum benefit from this program, documents need to be structured in the format suitable far the software. Among the difficulties encountered were the absence of on-line documents during coding, lack of options in printing facility and the tendency for the program to hang whenever there was a printing error.

关键词：人类学文化/标准计算机系统/标准数据说明统计文献工作集中研讨小组大不列颠卫生服务研究/方法软件

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Y2K repairs unfinished in health care sector

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY 1999年第11期56卷 1048-+页

作者： [Anonymous]

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Will architecture win the technology wars?

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Harvard Business Review 1993年第3期71卷 162-162页

作者： AlberthalL ManziJ CurtisG DavidowWH TimkoJW NadlerD DavisLL

Success today flows to the company that establishes proprietary architectural control over a broad, fast-moving, competitive space, Charles R. Morris and Charles H. Ferguson claim in "How Architecture Wins Technology Wars" (March-April 1993). No single vendor can keep pace with the outpouring of cheap, powerful, mass-produced components, so customers have been stitching together their own local systems solutions. Architectures impose order on the system and make interconnections possible. An architectural controller has power over the standard by which the entire information package is assembled. Because of the popularity of Microsoft's Windows, for example, companies like Lotus must conform their software to its parameters to be able to compete for market share. Proprietary architectural control has broader implications for organizational structure too: architectural competition is giving rise to a new form of business organization.

关键词：计算机系统/经济学计算机系统/标准决策组织经济竞争工业/经济学工业/组织和管理生产线管理/经济学生产线管理/组织和管理美国

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Are you ready for January 1, 2000?

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY 1999年第11期56卷 1066-+页

作者： Zappala, FN ASHP Gen Counsel Bethesda MD 20814 USA

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