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Rotavirus subgroups, G serotypes, and electrophoretypes in cases of nosocomial infantile diarrhoea in Belem, Brazil

JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PEDIATRICS 1999年第2期45卷 81-86页

作者： Gusmao, RHP Mascarenhas, JDP Gabbay, YB Lins-Lainson, Z Ramos, FLP Monteiro, TAF Valente, SA Fagundes-Neto, U Linhares, AC Inst Evandro Chagas Fundacao Nacl Saude BR-66090000 Belem Para Brazil Univ Fed Sao Paulo Escola Paulista Med BR-04039031 Sao Paulo Brazil

From November 1992 to November 1994 stool samples were obtained from 237 children admitted to a public hospital in Belem. Rotaviruses were detected in 19.3 per cent (60/310) of faecal samples. Of these, 32.1 per cent (18/56), 20.9 per cent (38/181), and 5.4 per cent (4/73) were recorded in cases of nosocomial diarrhoea, community-acquired diarrhoea, and controls, respectively. Fifty-two (86.7 per cent) of the 60 rotavirus-positive specimens were subgrouped and the G serotypes of 55 (91.7 per cent) of them were determined. Subgroups I and II were detected in 50 per cent each of the 52 subgrouped strains. G type 2 was present in 46 (83.6 per cent) of the 55 serotyped samples;serotypes G1 and (mixed) G1 and G4 were found in 14.5 per cent and 1.8 per cent, respectively, of these specimens. Viral RNA electrophoresis showed 14 distinct patterns, including 56.7 per cent (34/60) and 43.3 per cent (26/60) of long and short profiles, respectively. In 40 (66.6 per cent) of the 60 rotavirus-positive faecal samples no enteropathogens other than rotavirus were detected. There was an increased incidence of rotavirus infection from July 1993 to February 1994, The rotavirus-related episodes of diarrhoea were more severe than those of other aetiology and greater clinical severity was not related to a specific G type, subgroup, or electrophoretype.

关键词：巴西/流行病学交叉感染/流行病学交叉感染/预防和控制交叉感染/病毒学腹泻婴儿/流行病学腹泻婴儿/预防和控制腹泻婴儿/病毒学发病率轮状病毒属/分类轮状病毒感染/流行病学轮状病毒感染/预防和控制儿童学龄前女(雌)性人类婴儿婴儿新生男(雄)性

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Prevalence of, and antigenic variation in, serotype G10 rotaviruses and detection of serotype G3 strains in diarrheic calves: Implications for the origin of G10P11 or P11 type reassortant asymptomatic strains in newborn children in India

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ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY 2002年第1期147卷 143-165页

作者： Varshney, B Jagannath, MR Vethanayagam, RR Kodhandharaman, S Jagannath, HV Gowda, K Singh, DK Rao, CD Indian Inst Sci Dept Microbiol & Cell Biol Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India Natl Dairy Dev Board Div Biotechnol Anand Gujarat India

Previous studies have shown predominant association of G10P11 type bovine rotavirus-derived reassortant strains with asymptomatic infections in newborn children in India. To understand the epidemiological and genetic basis for the origin of these strains in humans, the relative frequencies of different serotypes among bovine rotaviruses (BRVs) isolated from southern, western and central regions of the country were determined by subgroup and serotype analysis as well as nucleotide (nt) sequence analysis of the genes encoding the outer capsid proteins VP4 and VP7. Since the human G10P11 asymptomatic neonatal strain I321 possessed NSP1 from a human rotavirus, to determine its genetic origin in the bovine strains, comparative analysis of partial gene sequences from representative G10P11 strains was also carried out. The following observations were of great epidemiological significance, (i) G10P11 strains predominated in all the three regions with frequencies ranging between 55.6% and 85.2%. In contrast to the high prevalence of G6 strains in other countries, only one G6 strain was detected in this study and G8 strains represented 5.8% of the isolates, (ii) among the G10 strains, in serotyping ELISA, four patterns of reactivity were observed that appeared to correlate with the differences in electropherotypic patterns and amino acid (aa) sequence of the VP7, (iii) surprisingly, strains belonging to serotype G3 were detected more frequently (10.7%) than those of serotypes G6 and G8 combined, while strains representing the new serotype (G15) were observed in a single farm in Bangalore, and (iv) about 3.9% of the isolates were nontypeable as they exhibited high cross-reactivity to the serotyping MAbs used in the study. Comparative analysis of the VP7 gene sequence from the prototype G3 MAb-reactive bovine strain J63 revealed greatest sequence relatedness (87.6% nt and 96.0% aa) with that of serotype G3 rhesus-monkey strain RRV. It also exhibited high sequence homology with

关键词：氨基酸序列抗原变异抗原病毒碱基序列病毒壳体/遗传学病毒壳体/免疫学衣壳蛋白质类牛疾病/流行病学牛疾病/病毒学电泳聚丙烯酰氨凝胶印度/流行病学分子序列数据患病率再装配病毒/遗传学轮状病毒属/遗传学轮状病毒属/免疫学轮状病毒感染/流行病学轮状病毒感染/兽医学轮状病毒感染/病毒学序列比对序列分析 DNA 血清分型病毒非结构蛋白质类/遗传学病毒非结构蛋白质类/免疫学动物猫牛狗人类婴儿新生小鼠

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EXCLUSIVE ASYMPTOMATIC NEONATAL INFECTIONS BY HUMAN ROTAVIRUS STRAINS HAVING SUBGROUP-I SPECIFICITY AND LONG RNA ELECTROPHEROTYPE

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ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY 1992年第1-4期126卷 239-251页

作者： SUKUMARAN, M GOWDA, K MAIYA, PP SRINIVAS, TP KUMAR, MS AIJAZ, S REDDY, RR PADILLA, L GREENBERG, HB RAO, CD INDIAN INST SCI DEPT MICROBIOL & CELL BIOL BANGALORE 560012 KARNATAKA INDIA MSR MED COLL HOSP BANGALORE INDIA ST MARTHAS HOSP BANGALORE INDIA STANFORD UNIV MED CTR SCH MED DIV GASTROENTEROL STANFORD CA 94305 USA INDIAN INST SCI CTR GENET ENGN BANGALORE 560012 KARNATAKA INDIA

A large number of stool specimes, of healthy new born infants, collected from various hospitals and clinics in Bangalore City, India, have been examined for the presence of asymptomatic rotaviral excretion. Out of 370 samples analysed during a three year period from 1988 to 1991, 133 specimens (36%) were positive for rotavirus RNA. All these asymptomatic neonatal strains, without exception, showed "long" RNA pattern, but subgroup I specificity. Serotype analysis by ELISA or by hybridization with serotype-specific probes indicated that these strains probably represent a new serotype in newborn children. We f-ind an exclusive association of human rotaviruses having "long" RNA pattern and subgroup I specificity with asymptomatic neonatal infections in contrast to the earlier observations of association of such unusual strains with acute gastroenteritis in young children.

关键词：抗原病毒病毒壳体/遗传学病毒壳体/免疫学衣壳蛋白质类 DNA探针/遗传学酶联免疫吸附测定粪便/微生物学印度/流行病学 RNA 病毒/遗传学轮状病毒属/分类轮状病毒属/遗传学轮状病毒属/免疫学轮状病毒属/分离和提纯轮状病毒感染/流行病学轮状病毒感染/微生物学血清分型人类婴儿新生

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First detection of bovine group B rotavirus in Japan and sequence of its VP7 gene

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ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY 1999年第4期144卷 805-815页

作者： Tsunemitsu, H Morita, D Takaku, H Nishimori, T Imai, K Saif, LJ Natl Inst Anim Hlth Shichinohe Res Unit Shichinohe Aomori 0392586 Japan Natl Inst Anim Hlth Hokkaido Res Stn Sapporo Hokkaido Japan Nemuro Livestock Hyg Ctr Betsukai Hokkaido Japan Ohio State Univ Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr Food Anim Hlth Res Program Wooster OH 44691 USA

An epizootic outbreak of diarrhea occulted in adult cows on a dairy farm in Hokkaido, Japan. One colostrum-fed calf inoculated with pooled feces of the 5 affected cows, developed mild diarrhea, and shed rotavirus-like particles which reacted with antiserum to group B rotavirus in immune electron microscopy. Cell culture immunofluorescence tests, RNA-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and RT-PCR confirmed that this virus was bovine group B rotavirus, which was designated the Nemuro strain. Additional 2 colostrum-deprived calves inoculated with feces of the first calf also developed diarrhea and shed virus, suggesting that this group B rotavirus might be the etiological agent of the outbreak of adult cow diarrhea. The identities of the nucleotide (nt) and deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of the Nemuro VP7 gene were high (93-95% in nt and 96-97% in aa) and low (61-63% in nt and 49-61% in aa) compared to those of the published corresponding genes from 3 bovine and 2 other mammalian (human and rat) strains of group B rotaviruses, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the presence of bovine group B rotavirus in Japan.

关键词：氨基酸序列抗原病毒/遗传学病毒壳体/遗传学衣壳蛋白质类牛疾病/流行病学牛疾病/传播牛疾病/病毒学细胞系初乳腹泻/流行病学腹泻/兽医学腹泻/病毒学疾病暴发流行/兽医学粪便/病毒学日本/流行病学分子序列数据轮状病毒属/分类轮状病毒属/遗传学轮状病毒属/分离和提纯轮状病毒感染/流行病学轮状病毒感染/传播轮状病毒感染/兽医学序列比对序列同源性氨基酸病毒脱落动物牛女(雌)性人类大鼠

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Hospital admissions for rotavirus infection in the Netherlands

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CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2000年第3期31卷 698-704页

作者： de Wit, MAS Koopmans, MPG van der Blij, JF van Duynhoven, YTHP Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol NL-3720 BA Bilthoven Netherlands Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm Res Lab Infect Dis NL-3720 BA Bilthoven Netherlands Med Ctr Alkmaar Netherlands

The development of a vaccine against rotavirus (RV) infection has necessitated the estimation of the number of hospitalizations for RV infection in the Netherlands. During 1998, pediatricians have reported all hospitalizations with RV infection and supplied information on the duration of admission, clinical picture, indication for admission, and treatment. Also, data from the National Disease Registry on hospitalizations for gastroenteritis (International Classification of Disease codes 006.6. 006.8, 009, and 558.9) and laboratory surveillance data for 1996-1998 were combined in a Linear regression model to indirectly estimate the incidence and proportion of hospitalizations attributable to RV infection. The direct estimate of admissions for RV infection in children aged <5 years was 0.9 per 1000, and the indirect estimate was 2.7 per 1000 in 1998 (1996, 3.4;1997, 1,6). The proportion of hospitalizations for gastroenteritis attributable to RV ranged from 32% in 1997 to 58% in 1996.

关键词：儿童住院/统计学和数值数据交叉感染/病毒学胃肠炎/流行病学胃肠炎/病毒学住院/统计学和数值数据发病率实验室医院/统计学和数值数据线性模型荷兰/流行病学病人出院/统计学和数值数据人群监测/方法轮状病毒感染/流行病学轮状病毒感染/病毒学时间因素儿童学龄前女(雌)性人类婴儿婴儿新生男(雄)性

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Rotavirus outbreak on a pediatric oncology floor: Possible association with toys

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL 2000年第5期28卷 378-380页

作者： Rogers, M Weinstock, DM Eagan, J Kiehn, T Armstrong, D Sepkowitz, KA Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Dept Med Infect Dis Serv New York NY 10021 USA

Background: Several outbreaks of rotavirus gastroenteritis have occurred in hospitals and day care centers. In the spring of 1997, an outbreak of rotavirus occurred on our pediatric unit. Aggressive infection control measures were instituted, and potential lapses in infection control were assessed. Methods: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center is a 434-bed cancer hospital in New York City. The pediatric unit is a 42-bed ward with both bone marrow transplant patients and non-bone marrow transplant oncology patients. Nosocomially acquired rotavirus was defined as diarrhea, vomiting, or gastrointestinal upset with onset 48 hours or more after hospital admission, accompanied by a positive enzyme immunoassay for rotavirus antigen. Results: Between February 24 and April 4, 1997, 8 patients on the pediatric unit had nosocomial rotavirus. Aggressive infection control measures were instituted. Patients with rotavirus were cohorted and placed on contact precautions (strict handwashing, gloves, and gown). Investigation by the infection control team revealed that communal toys in the playroom were not being cleaned according to the weekly protocol. Conclusions: An outbreak of nosocomial rotavirus occurred on our pediatric oncology unit. Shared toys may have served as fomites in the transmission of rotavirus.

关键词：癌症医护设施交叉感染/流行病学交叉感染/传播疾病暴发流行粪便/病毒学胃肠炎/流行病学胃肠炎/病毒学感染控制重症监护病房儿科纽约市/流行病学游戏和玩具轮状病毒感染/流行病学轮状病毒感染/传播儿童女(雌)性人类婴儿男(雄)性

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婴幼儿腹泻轮状病毒感染情况调查

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医学临床研究 2010年第7期27卷 1332-1333页

作者：林文浩夏凌志蔡长争深圳武警医院检验科广东深圳518029

【目的】分析婴幼儿腹泻中轮状病毒感染情况。【方法】用ELISA法对685例腹泻患儿的粪便样本进行A组轮状病毒检测。【结果】685例样本中检出A组轮状病毒阳性212例，占30．95％，〈1岁及〈2岁组阳性率显著高于〈6个月及〉2岁组，秋冬季节... 详细信息

【目的】分析婴幼儿腹泻中轮状病毒感染情况。【方法】用ELISA法对685例腹泻患儿的粪便样本进行A组轮状病毒检测。【结果】685例样本中检出A组轮状病毒阳性212例，占30．95％，〈1岁及〈2岁组阳性率显著高于〈6个月及〉2岁组，秋冬季节病例显著高于春夏季（P〈0．01）。男女性患儿轮状病毒检出率差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。【结论】在婴幼儿腹泻中轮状病毒检出率较高，为6个月至2岁婴幼儿腹泻的主要病原体。

关键词：腹泻婴儿轮状病毒感染/流行病学

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喜炎平注射液联合消旋卡多曲崩解片治疗婴幼儿轮状病毒肠炎疗效观察

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中国中西医结合儿科学 2010年第4期2卷 336-337页

作者：郭辉延永周燕潍坊市妇幼保健院妇儿医院儿二科山东潍坊261041

目的观察喜炎平注射液联合消旋卡多曲崩解片治疗婴幼儿轮状病毒肠炎疗效。方法将60例轮状病毒肠炎患儿随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,观察组给予喜炎平注射液静脉滴注并口服消旋卡多曲崩解片,对照组给予病毒唑注射液静脉滴注治疗。3 d... 详细信息

目的观察喜炎平注射液联合消旋卡多曲崩解片治疗婴幼儿轮状病毒肠炎疗效。方法将60例轮状病毒肠炎患儿随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,观察组给予喜炎平注射液静脉滴注并口服消旋卡多曲崩解片,对照组给予病毒唑注射液静脉滴注治疗。3 d后观察两组患儿疗效及平均止泻时间。结果观察组和对照组的总有效率分别为92.4%和73.3%,平均止泻时间分别为(48.92±3.02)h和(100.23±3.16)h,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论喜炎平注射液与消旋卡多曲崩解片联合治疗婴幼儿轮状病毒肠炎疗效显著,值得临床推广应用。

关键词：肠炎/药物疗法轮状病毒感染/流行病学喜炎平注射液/治疗应用消旋卡多曲崩解片儿童

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Cost effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in Australia

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AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 1999年第6期23卷 611-616页

作者： Carlin, JB Jackson, T Lane, L Bishop, RF Barnes, GL Royal Childrens Hosp Res Inst Clin Epidemion & Biostat Unit Parkville Vic Australia Univ Melbourne Dept Paediat Melbourne Vic Australia

Objective: Rotavirus gastroenteritis causes substantial morbidity, including hospital admission, in young children. In the context of recent vaccine developments, this study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of a rotavirus vaccination program in Australia. Method: Standard methods of health economic evaluation were used to assess the total cost of rotavirus immunisation (as the difference between estimated vaccination program costs and the cost of disease that would be avoided by immunisation) and relate this to the number of cases of disease that would be prevented. Estimates were made from both societal and health care systems perspectives. Results: Based on Australian data on disease incidence and cost of hospitalisation, the current annual cost of rotavirus disease is about $26.0 million. Using conservative vaccine efficacy estimates, current immunisation uptake rates and a cost of $30 per dose of vaccine, rotavirus immunisation would incur a net societal cost of $2.9 million ($11 per child), at a gross program cost of $21.6 million. These estimates are sensitive to two sources of uncertainty in the estimation of program delivery costs: vaccine price and whether separate immunisation visits would be required. Conclusion: A rotavirus immunisation program would be cost-neutral to Australian society at a vaccine price of $26 per dose (or $19 when health care system costs only are considered). Implications: Rotavirus immunisation may be cost-effective in Australia, but considerable uncertainty remains, Policy decisions will depend heavily on pricing of the vaccine and may also need to consider intangible costs not accounted for in this analysis.

关键词：评价研究胃肠炎/流行病学胃肠炎/预防和控制胃肠炎/病毒学免疫接种规划/经济学概率呼肠病毒科/免疫学轮状病毒感染/流行病学轮状病毒感染/预防和控制接种/经济学维多利亚/流行病学病毒疫苗/投药和剂量病毒疫苗/经济学儿童学龄前女(雌)性人类婴儿男(雄)性

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东莞地区儿童轮状病毒无症状感染的研究

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医学临床研究 2006年第7期23卷 1006-1007页

作者：殷思纯尹红华莉叶转弟梁沛杨罗北京广东省东莞市人民医院感染科广东东莞523018

【目的】了解东莞地区儿童轮状病毒(RV)无症状感染的状况。【方法】收集东莞市人民医院2004年1月至2005年12月正常体检儿童粪便标本467例,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测RV。【结果】467例粪便标本检测到RV阳性标本115例,儿童RV无症状... 详细信息

【目的】了解东莞地区儿童轮状病毒(RV)无症状感染的状况。【方法】收集东莞市人民医院2004年1月至2005年12月正常体检儿童粪便标本467例,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测RV。【结果】467例粪便标本检测到RV阳性标本115例,儿童RV无症状感染率为24.6%(115/467)。阳性标本主要来自6月龄至2岁儿童;检出高峰期在每年的10月至次年的2月。【结论】东莞地区儿童RV感染率较高,儿童RV无症状感染与RV有症状感染的特点呈一致性。

关键词：轮状病毒感染/流行病学广东

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