A patient with a contributory history of stromal herpes presented with a severe hypopyon and multiple corneal infiltrates. Culture of corneal scrapings produced a species of Alternaria, a generally nonpathogenic fungu...
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A patient with a contributory history of stromal herpes presented with a severe hypopyon and multiple corneal infiltrates. Culture of corneal scrapings produced a species of Alternaria, a generally nonpathogenic fungus. The presence of hyphae and budding yeast forms in the keratoplasty specimen confirmed the diagnosis.
A 78-year-old farmer presented with symptomless skin lesions for evaluation. Two years prior, he had developed idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and had been treated thereafter with oral prednisolone 20 mg/day and o...
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A 78-year-old farmer presented with symptomless skin lesions for evaluation. Two years prior, he had developed idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and had been treated thereafter with oral prednisolone 20 mg/day and occasionally with colchicine 1 mg/day. On examination, erythematoviolaceous, slightly infiltrated plaques, measuring approximately 5 x 9 cm, rubbery in consistency, intermingled with pustules, sometimes eroded, with distinctive borders, were noted on the dorsum of both hands and on the extensor surface of both forearms. The lesions had developed over a 20-day period. The skin of these areas was atrophic or eroded with multiple ecchymoses (Fig. 1). The abnormal laboratory findings included an elevated white blood cell count of 17,100/mm(3), with 79% neutrophils, 16% lymphocytes, and 5% monocytes, C-reactive protein of 33.15 mg/dL (normal, <0.8 mg/dL), and immunoglobulin G of 598 mg/dL (normal, 701-1545 mg/dL). Other blood and urine tests performed were within normal limits. The diagnosis of IPF was reconfirmed through radiology, high-resolution computed tomography, and spirometry, as well as bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis. Coexistence of presumptive pulmonary alternariosis was excluded. Hematoxylin and eosin stained sections of the excised cutaneous specimen showed focal ulceration of the epidermis adjacent to a mainly intradermal abscess cavity. Within the latter, remnants of a partly destroyed hair follicle were seen amongst degenerating polymorphonuclear leukocytes, as well as many histiocytes and a few Langhans-type multinucleated giant cells. Minute collections of polymorphonuclear leukocytes were seen in the adjacent epidermis. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Gomori's silver methenamine stains showed a multitude of broad branching fungal hyphae and large spores within the aforementioned cavity, both free and within the cytoplasm of giant cells (Fig. 2). Immunohistochemistry was performed by means of the alkaline phosphatase an
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