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浙江大学学报（医学版） 2016年第6期45卷 581-586页

作者：高玉海杨芳芳葸慧荣李文苑甄平陈克明兰州军区兰州总医院全军骨科中心骨科研究所

目的：研究淫羊藿总黄酮胶囊（ITFC）对生长期大鼠峰值骨密度和骨形态计量学的影响，探索其抗骨质疏松的作用机制。方法：30只雌性SD大鼠按体质量随机分为正常对照纽、ITFC-1组及ITFC-2组。其中。ITFC-1组和ITFC-2组分别以50mg·k-1... 详细信息

目的：研究淫羊藿总黄酮胶囊（ITFC）对生长期大鼠峰值骨密度和骨形态计量学的影响，探索其抗骨质疏松的作用机制。方法：30只雌性SD大鼠按体质量随机分为正常对照纽、ITFC-1组及ITFC-2组。其中。ITFC-1组和ITFC-2组分别以50mg·k-1·d-1ITFC和100mg·kg-1·d-1ITFC灌胃，正常对照组灌服等体积蒸馏水。在灌胃后4、8、12周测定全身骨密度。12周后处死大鼠检测右侧股骨和腰椎骨骨密度；ELISA法检测血清抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b（TRACP5b）和骨碱性磷酸酶（BALP）水平；右侧胫骨进行骨形态计量学分析。结果：与正常对照组比较，ITFC-1组和ITFC-2组大鼠体质量增加减少，但差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。4周和8周时，ITFC-1组和ITFc-2组全身骨密度均有所提高，但与正常对照组差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。12周时，ITFC-1组和ITFC-2组大鼠全身骨密度、离体骨密度及血清BALP和骨小梁面积百分比均高于正常对照组（均P〈0．05），骨小梁分离度均低于正常对照组（均P〈0．05）；ITFC-2组大鼠骨小梁宽度和数量均高于正常对照组，血清TRACP5b低于正常对照组（均P〈0．05）；ITFC-2组大鼠离体骨密度、血清BALP、骨小梁数量和面积百分比均高于ITFC-1组，骨小梁分离度和血清TRACP5b均低于ITFC-1组（均P〈0．05）。结论：ITFc有可能通过提高骨密度、增加骨形成、降低骨吸收及改善骨组织微结构来预防老年骨质疏松的发生。

关键词：黄酮类/投药和剂量淫羊藿甙/治疗应用骨质疏树中药疗法骨和骨组织/解剖学和组织学疾病模型动物骨密度

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去卵巢大鼠股骨颈力学强度与股骨近段髓腔面积的时序性变化

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浙江大学学报（医学版） 2005年第5期34卷 432-435,446页

作者：王建卫李伟徐少文杨迪生赵光锋浙江大学医学院附属第二医院骨科浙江杭州310009

目的:研究去势大鼠股骨颈力学强度和股骨近段髓腔面积的时序性变化。方法:6月龄雌性SD大鼠随机分组后,分别行去势术(OVX组)和假手术(Sham组),术后0、3、6、9、12、15、18、21周动态测量股骨颈骨矿物密度(BMD)、股骨颈最大抗压力和近段... 详细信息

目的:研究去势大鼠股骨颈力学强度和股骨近段髓腔面积的时序性变化。方法:6月龄雌性SD大鼠随机分组后,分别行去势术(OVX组)和假手术(Sham组),术后0、3、6、9、12、15、18、21周动态测量股骨颈骨矿物密度(BMD)、股骨颈最大抗压力和近段髓腔面积大小。结果:去卵巢后6周OVX组大鼠股骨颈BMD较Sham组低15%,分别为(0.195±0.028)g/mm2和(0.225±0.036)g/mm2(P=0.03);去卵巢后9周OVX组大鼠股骨颈最大抗压力较Sham组低10%,分别为(89.6±7.7)N和(96.7±7.5)N(P=0.05);髓腔面积在去卵巢后15周两组间开始出现差异,分别为(3.834±0.115)mm2和(3.713±0.114)mm2(P=0.03)。结论:大鼠去势后股骨颈骨量减少,生物力学强度下降和股骨近段髓腔面积扩大,而且髓腔面积的扩大晚于生物力学强度的下降。这可能成为绝经后骨质疏松妇女假体松动的一个重要影响因素。

关键词：卵巢切除术生物力学股骨颈/病理学骨和骨组织/解剖学和组织学股骨/病理学

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Reduced gap strains induce changes in bone regeneration during distraction

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JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 1999年第3期121卷 348-355页

作者： Richards, M Waanders, NA Weiss, JA Bhatia, V Senunas, LE Schaffler, MB Goldstein, SA Goulet, JA Univ Michigan Orthopaed Res Labs Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Arizona State Univ W Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn Phoenix AZ USA Mt Sinai Sch Med Dept Orthoped Surg New York NY 10001 USA

A bilateral New Zealand white rabbit model of distraction osteogenesis (DO) was used to investigate the relationship between strain environment and bone regeneration during limb lengthening. In seven (n = 7) rabbits, a stiffener was applied to the fixator on one side to reduce strains within the gap tissue after lengthening was completed. Animals were euthanized six days later and their distraction zones were harvested and analyzed for changes in new bone volume and architecture. Nonlinear finite element analyses (FEA) were performed to predict changes in the gap strain environment. FEA results predicted a nearly uniform sevenfold decrease in average strain measures within the distraction zone. No change in total average new bone volume and significant decreases in both bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and trabecular thickness (***) were observed in tibiae in which gap strains were reduced experimentally, compared to contralateral controls. These results suggest that fixator stiffening influenced the architecture but not the amount of newly formed bone. This animal model of distraction might by used to study the mechanisms by which strain fields affect events in bone repair and regeneration, such as cell proliferation, precursor tissue differentiation, and altered growth factor and nutrient delivery to tissues.

关键词：骨再生/生理学骨和骨组织/解剖学和组织学骨和骨组织/病理学骨和骨组织/生理学疾病模型动物外固定器图像处理计算机辅助模型解剖学骨生成牵张胫骨/解剖学和组织学胫骨/生理学体层摄影术 X线计算机动物男(雄)性兔

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The accuracy of digital image-based finite element models

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JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 1998年第2期120卷 289-295页

作者： Guldberg, RE Hollister, SJ Charras, GT Georgia Inst Technol Sch Mech Engn Atlanta GA 30332 USA Univ Michigan Orthopaed Res Labs Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

Digital image-based finite element meshing is an alternative approach to time-consuming conventional meshing techniques for generating realistic three-dimensional (3D) models of complex structures. Although not limited to biological applications, digital image-based modeling has been used to generate structure-specific (i.e., nongeneric) models of whole bones and trabecular bone microstructures. However questions remain regarding the solution accuracy provided by the digital meshing approach, particularly at model or material boundaries. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of digital and conventional smooth boundary models based on theoretical solutions for a two-dimensional (2D) compression plate and a 3D circular cantilever beam. For both the plate and beam analyses, the predicted solution at digital model boundaries was characterized by local oscillations, which produced potentially high errors within individual boundary elements. Significantly, however, the digital model boundary solution oscillated approximately about the theoretical solution. A marked improvement in solution accuracy was therefore achieved by considering average results within a region composed of several elements. Absolute errors for Von Mises stress averaged over the beam cross section, for example, converged to less than 4 percent, and the predicted free-end displacement of the cantilever beam was within 1 percent of the theoretical solution, Analyses at several beam orientations and mesh resolutions suggested a minimum discretization of three to four digital finite elements through the beam cross section to avoid high numerical stiffening errors under bending.

关键词：骨和骨组织/解剖学和组织学骨和骨组织/生理学骨和骨组织/超微结构计算机模拟弹性有限元分析预测模型生物学示波测量法结果可重复性应力物理人类

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GROWTH AND REMODELING OF BONE AND BONES - ROLE OF GENETICS AND FUNCTION

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DENTAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA 1975年第3期19卷 443-455页

作者： STOREY, E UNIV MELBOURNE SCH DENTDEPT CONSERVAT DENT711 ELIZABETH STMELBOURNE 3000VICTORIAAUSTRALIA

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QUANTITATIVE RADIOLOGY - RADIOGRAMMETRY OF CORTICAL BONE

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY 1976年第587期49卷 912-920页

作者： DEQUEKER, J ACAD HOSP LEUVEN RHEUMATOL UNIT LEUVEN BELGIUM ACAD HOSP PELLENBERG RHEUMATOL UNIT PELLENBERG BELGIUM

There is a large variability in amount of bone [2nd metacarpal] within 1 age and sex group which is partly due to skeletal size differences. The relative indices which were introduced to correct skeletal size differences, are insufficient since skeletal size differences still exist. The variability is reduced when the data are divided into strata of skeletal size. Since cortical area shows the best correlation with outer diameter within each age group and since cortical area represents best the ash content of the bones, the values of this index are most suited to be grouped according to outer diameter. In differentiating pathological from physiological bone loss, this procedure is an improvement on the previously published indices of amount of bone. When comparing different populations, this method has advantages since skeletal size differences are eliminated. Comparing 7 populations it was found that populations living in the USA have more bone for a given skeletal size than populations in Europe or Nigeria. Bone loss with age is a general phenomenon but differences in rate of loss are observed between the sexes and between ethnic different populations. The decrease of bone mass is faster after the age of 50 yr in woman than in men. Blacks living in the USA loose bone with age than whites. Radiogrammetry of cortical bone in groups gives useful information on bone remodelling during aging and in pathological conditions. At an individual level, it is difficult to evaluate changes on a short term basis with radiogrammetry. Radiogrammetry of cortical bone is a simple and reproducible method which measures bone mass indirectly. Changes in cortical width show a high degree of correlation with the changes in mass of cortical bones but trabecular bone is not measured. This is a serious handicap, since most of the metabolic diseases of the skeleton affect trabecular bone to a greater extent than cortical.

关键词：衰老人体测量术骨疾病/放射摄影术骨质吸收骨和骨组织/解剖学和组织学骨和骨组织/放射摄影术大陆人口群手掌/放射摄影术性别因素青少年成年人老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Age of the Lake Mungo 3 skeleton, reply to Bowler & Magee and to Gillespie & Roberts

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JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION 2000年第5期38卷 733-741页

作者： Grün, R Spooner, NA Thorne, A Mortimer, G Simpson, JJ McCulloch, MT Taylor, L Curnoe, D Australian Natl Univ Res Sch Earth Sci Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Australian Natl Univ Res Sch Pacific & Asian Studies Dept Archaeol & Nat Hist Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Univ Guelph Dept Phys Guelph ON N1G 2W1 Canada

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SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION IN INNOMINATE BONE STUDIED BY MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS

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ANNALS OF HUMAN BIOLOGY 1975年第2期2卷 143-151页

作者： DAY, MH PITCHERWILMOTT, RW ST THOMASS HOSP MED SCH DEPT ANAT LONDON ENGLAND UCL HOSP MED SCH LONDON ENGLAND

A series of 60 innominate bones of known age and sex were measured producing 17 absolute measurements from which 7 indices were created. These bones were used in forming reference groups to develop a computer-applied discriminant function for sexual allocation. One set of data was discarded because the sexual attribution of the bone was found to be inadequate. From the remaining 59 bones 58 were sexed correctly when the discrininant function was applied to them retrospectively; 54 were sexed correctly with a probability exceeding 0.95. It is likely, however, that the accuracy achieved here would not be reached by applying information from this reference group to new material.

关键词：年龄因素方差分析人体测量术/方法骨和骨组织/解剖学和组织学参考值性决定(分析) 性别因素女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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Congenital human baculum deficiency:: The generative bone of genesis 2:21-23

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 2001年第3期101卷 284-285页

作者： Gilbert, SF Zevit, Z Swarthmore Coll Dept Biol Martin Biol Labs Swarthmore PA 19081 USA Univ Judaism Dept Bibl Literature Los Angeles CA USA

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Genetics of osteoporosis

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ENDOCRINE REVIEWS 1999年第6期20卷 788-804页

作者： Eisman, JA St Vincents Hosp Garvan Inst Med Res Bone & Mineral Res Program Sydney NSW 2010 Australia

I. Introduction

关键词：骨和骨组织/解剖学和组织学胶原/遗传学疾病遗传易感性骨质疏松/遗传学表型受体骨化三醇/遗传学动物人类

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