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Prevalence of TTV DNA and GBV-C RNA in patients with systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis does not differ from that in healthy blood donors

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ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES 2001年第8期60卷 806-809页

作者： Seemayer, CA Viazov, S Neidhart, M Brühlmann, P Michel, BA Gay, RE Roggendorf, M Gay, S Univ Zurich Hosp Ctr Expt Rheumatol CH-8091 Zurich Switzerland Univ Zurich Hosp WHO Collaborating Ctr Mol Biol & Novel Therapeut Dept Rheumatol CH-8091 Zurich Switzerland Essen Univ Hosp Inst Virol D-45122 Essen Germany

Objective-To determine the prevalence of GB virus-C (GBV-C) RNA and TT virus (TTV) DNA in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and osteoarthritis (OA) as well as to compare the autoantibody pattern in patients with SSc with and without evidence of viral infection. Patients and methods-The study included 168 patients (84 SSc, 41 RA, and 43 OA) diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria and 122 volunteer blood donors. The presence of GBV-C RNA and TTV DNA in serum was assessed by nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and semi-nested PCR, respectively. Autoantibodies in patients with SSc were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Hep-2 immunofluorescence. Results-TTV-DNA was detected in 10/84 (12%) patients with SSc, 9/41 (22%) patients with RA, 3/43 (7%) patients with OA, and 16/122 (13%) blood donors. GBV-C RNA was present in 4/84 (5%) patients with SSc, 2/43 (5%) patients with OA, and 5/122 (4%) blood donors. No patient with RA was positive for GBV-C RNA. One patient with SSc and one patient with OA showed a double infection with GBV-C and TTV. 74/84 (88%) patients with SSc were positive for at least one autoantibody species tested: 18/84 (21%) showed anti-centromeric autoantibodies, 55/84 (66%) a speckled (36/84 (43%) fine, 19/84 (23%) coarse), and 20/84 (24%) a homogeneous nuclear Hep-2 pattern, and 21/84 (25%) had antinucleolar autoantibodies. Anti-Scl-70 antibodies were found in 31/84 (37%) and anti-RNP antibodies in 5/84 (6%) patients with SSc. No differences in the autoantibody pattern in patients with SSc with or without viral infection could be detected. Conclusion-The prevalence of GBV-C RNA and TTV DNA in serum samples from patients with SSc, RA, and OA was low and comparable with that in blood donors. A continuing infection with TTV and or GBV-C was not associated with a significant change in the autoantibody pattern in patients with SSc. These data pro

关键词：关节炎/病毒学关节炎类风湿/病毒学自身抗体/血液供血者病例对照研究 DNA 病毒/血液酶联免疫吸附测定黄病毒科/遗传学骨关节炎/病毒学 RNA 病毒/血液逆转录聚合酶链反应硬皮病系统性/病毒学统计学非参数输血传播病毒/遗传学成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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GB virus C/Hepatitis G virus infection in Saudi Arabian blood donors and patients with cryptogenic hepatitis

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ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY 2000年第1期145卷 73-84页

作者： Al-Ahdal, MN Rezeig, MA Kessie, G Chaudhry, F Al-Shammary, FJ King Faisal Specialist Hosp & Res Ctr Dept Pathol & Lab Med Riyadh Saudi Arabia King Faisal Specialist Hosp & Res Ctr Dept Med Riyadh 11211 Saudi Arabia King Saud Univ Coll Appl Med Sci Dept Clin Lab Sci Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Viral hepatitis is a common infection in the developing countries. Aside from Hepatitis A-E viruses, a novel hepatitis virus termed GBV-C, or HGV, was recently described. We have studied the prevalence of this virus among Saudi Arabian healthy blood donors (n = 200) and patients with cryptogenic (non-A-E) hepatitis (n = 71). After serum extraction and RNA reverse transcription, amplification was carried out by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using primers for the 5' noncoding region (NCR), NS5A region and NS3 helicase region. Among the patients with cryptogenic hepatitis, PCR-positivity was 18/71 (25.4%) for the 5' NCR, 14/71 (19.7%) for the NS5A region, and 15/71 (21.1%) for the NS3 helicase region. Among the healthy blood donors, PCR-positivity was 4/200 (2%) for the 5' NCR, 0/200 (0%) for the NS5A region, and 1/200 (0.5%) for the NS3 helicase region. Since the 5' NCR is considered the most conserved segment of the virus genome, it is not unusual to find higher positivity rate when that region is used for amplification. It is noted that the positivity rate is not far different among the three amplified regions, indicating that the heterogeneity of GBV-C/HGV is not as extensive as in hepatitis C virus. Phylogenetic analysis of 5' NCR DNA sequences showed that all isolates in this study belong to genotype 2. We conclude that the prevalence of GBV-C/HGV is similar to what is reported worldwide among the general Saudi population but relatively higher among Saudi patients with cryptogenic hepatitis.

关键词： 5'非翻译区/遗传学氨基酸序列碱基序列供血者克隆分子 DNA引物 DNA探针黄病毒科/化学黄病毒科/分类黄病毒科/遗传学肝炎病毒性人/流行病学肝炎病毒性人/病毒学分子序列数据患病率 RNA解螺旋酶类/化学 RNA解螺旋酶类/遗传学 RNA 病毒/分离和提纯逆转录聚合酶链反应沙特阿拉伯/流行病学序列分析 DNA 丝氨酸内肽酶类病毒非结构蛋白质类/化学病毒非结构蛋白质类/遗传学人类

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Incidence and clinical presentation of posttransfusion TT virus infection in prospectively followed transfusion recipients: emphasis on its relevance to hepatitis

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TRANSFUSION 2000年第5期40卷 596-601页

作者： Wang, JT Lee, CZ Kao, JH Sheu, JC Wang, TH Chen, DS Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp Dept Internal Med Hepatitis Res Ctr Taipei 10016 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Coll Med Dept Bacteriol Taipei 10018 Taiwan

BACKGROUND: A novel transfusion-transmissible human DNA virus, TT virus (TTV), has been discovered recently. An attempt was made to determine the incidence and clinical outcome of TTV infection in recipients of blood transfusion. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Serial serum samples collected as part of a prospective study of posttransfusion hepatitis were examined for TTV DNA by a nested PCR assay. RESULTS: Among 150 adults undergoing cardiac surgery, posttransfusion specimens from 59 individuals were positive for rn! DNA. Pretransfusion sera were found to be positive in 13 of these individuals. Therefore, 46 (33.6%) of the 137 previously uninfected patients developed new TTV viremia after transfusion. Among the 46 patients, 3 were coinfected with HCV, 5 were coinfected with HGV, and 38 were infected with TTV alone. No apparent symptoms or signs were noted in the 38 patients infected by TTV alone or the 5 infected with HGV plus TTV. The average peak serum ALT activity was 31 IU per L, with persistently normal levels in 34 of the 38 patients with TTV infection alone. In 8 other patients who subsequently developed well-documented non-A-G hepatitis, 3 were positive for TTV (3/8 vs. 46/137, p = 0.8). In 12 patients followed for more than 1 year, TTV viremia persisted in every case. CONCLUSION: In this population, TTV is transmitted by transfusion to approximately 30 percent of patients who undergo cardiac surgery. Most of the infections appear to become persistent. Despite the high prevalence rate, TTV does not appear to cause hepatitis on its own.

关键词：丙氨酸转氨酶/血液 DNA病毒感染/流行病学 DNA病毒感染/传播 DNA病毒/遗传学 DNA 病毒/血液黄病毒科/遗传学肝炎病毒属/遗传学发病率前瞻性研究台湾/流行病学时间因素成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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GBV-C/HGV genotypes: Proposed nomenclature for genotypes 1-5

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JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY 2000年第1期62卷 82-83页

作者： Tucker, TJ Smuts, HE Univ Cape Town Dept Med Microbiol SAIMR & Med ZA-7925 Observatory South Africa Univ Cape Town MRC UCT Liver Res Ctr ZA-7925 Observatory South Africa

The GB virus-C and hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/ HGV) are variants of the same flavivirus. This proposal attempts to clarify the conflicting nomenclature for GBV-C/HGV genotypes. The first three genotypes described were genotype 1 (West Africa);genotype 2 (US/Europe) and genotype 3 (Asia). Subsequently, two groups published data from South Africa and Southeast Asia both stating the presence of a novel "4th genotype." These isolates are distinct phytogenetically. It is proposed that the nomenclature for genotypes 1-3 remains as per previous publications, and that the Southeast Asian isolates be known as genotype 4, and the South African isolates as genotype 5. J. Med. Virol. 62:82-83, 2000. (C) 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

关键词： DNA 病毒/遗传学黄病毒科/分类黄病毒科/遗传学黄病毒科/分离和提纯基因型地理学种系发生人类

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GB Virus type C/HGV markers in HCV RNA-positive French blood donors:: correlation with HCV genotypes and risk factors

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TRANSFUSION 2000年第7期40卷 875-878页

作者： Bouchardeau, F Laperche, S Pillonel, J Elghouzzi, MH Maisonneuve, P Tirtaine, C Boiret, E Razer, A Girault, A Beaulieu, MJ Couroucé, AM Natl Inst Blood Transfus Paris France Natl Inst Hlth Awareness St Maurice France Blood Transfus Estab SE Ile de France Rungis France Alpes Maritimes St Laurent Du Var France

BACKGROUND: Exposure to GB Virus type C/HGV (GBV-C/HGV) could be determined by detection either of RNA by RT-PCR or of antibodies of the envelope protein E2. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The aim of the study was to determine the proportion of the GBV-C/HGV markers of infection in a blood donor population infected with HCV and to identify GBV-C/HGV routes of transmission that are associated with HCV genotypes and risk factors. RESULTS: Among 306 HCV RNA-positive blood donors, the proportion of GBV-C/HGV RNA-positive donors and anti-E2-positive donors was 19.3 percent (95% CI = 15.0-24.2%) and 42.1 percent(95% CI = 36.6-47.9%), respectively. Exposure to GBV-C/HGV (RNA or anti-E2) was significantly associated with the risk factor of IV drug use. There was a trend toward association with HCV subtypes 1a and 3a, probably because these HCV subtypes are the most frequent in IV drug users. No correlation was observed between ALT elevation and the presence of GBV-C/HGV RNA. CONCLUSION: In persons with HCV infection, IV drug use seems to be a major route of GBV-C/HGV transmission. Precautions taken to avoid HCV infection will probably also decrease GBV-C/HGV transmission.

关键词：供血者黄病毒科/遗传学黄病毒科/分离和提纯肝炎病毒属/遗传学肝炎病毒属/分离和提纯丙型肝炎/预防和控制丙型肝炎/传播肝炎病毒性人/预防和控制肝炎病毒性人/传播 RNA 病毒/分离和提纯人类

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Hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection in voluntary and commercial blood donors in India

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DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE 2000年第1期38卷 7-10页

作者： Kar, P Bedi, P Berry, N Chakravorty, A Gupta, RK Saha, R Das, BC Maulana Azad Med Coll ICMR Dept Med New Delhi 110002 India Maulana Azad Med Coll ICMR Dept Microbiol New Delhi 110002 India Maulana Azad Med Coll ICMR Dept Prevent & Social Med New Delhi 110002 India Maulana Azad Med Coll ICMR Inst Cytol & Prevent Oncol Div Mol Oncol New Delhi 110002 India Associated Lok Nayak Hosp New Delhi 110002 India

The prevalence of hepatitis G virus (HGV) has been determined in commercial as well as voluntary blood donors from India by detecting viral RNA genome using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. 45 professional blood donors from private blood banks and 50 healthy controls who opted for voluntary blood donation were recruited for the study. Both the groups were also screened serologically for HBV and HCV infection. The prevalence of HGV in the general population in India was found to be 4% but significantly a higher frequency (46.6%;p < 0.001) of HGV was observed in commercial blood donors. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词：供血者/统计学和数值数据 DNA引物/化学 DNA 病毒/化学电泳琼脂凝胶酶联免疫吸附测定黄病毒科/遗传学黄病毒科/分离和提纯肝炎病毒属/分离和提纯肝炎乙型/血液肝炎病毒乙型/分离和提纯肝炎丙型/血液肝炎病毒性人/血液肝炎病毒性人/流行病学印度/流行病学患病率 RNA 病毒/化学 RNA 病毒/分离和提纯逆转录聚合酶链反应人类男(雄)性

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Analysis of hepatitis G virus (HGV) RNA, antibody to HGV envelope protein, and risk factors for blood donors coinfected with HGV and hepatitis C virus

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JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES 1999年第5期179卷 1055-1061页

作者： Tan, D Matsumoto, A Conry-Cantilena, C Melpolder, JC Shih, JWK Leuther, M Hess, G Gibble, JW Ness, PM Alter, HJ NIH Dept Transfus Med Infect Dis Sect Ctr Clin Bethesda MD 20892 USA Greater Chesapeake & Potomac Reg Amer Res Cross Baltimore MD USA Boehringer Mannheim GmbH D-6800 Mannheim Germany

Serologic, biochemical, and molecular analyses were used to study hepatitis G virus (HGV), antibody to the HGV envelope protein (anti-E2), risk factors, clinical significance, and the impact of HGV on coexistent hepatitis C virus (HCV), Among 329 donors with confirmed HCV infection, 12% were HGV RNA-positive and 44% were anti-E2-positive (total exposure, 56%), HGV RNA and anti-E2 were mutually exclusive except in 9 donors (1.5%);8 of 9 subsequently lost HGV RNA but anti-E2 persisted. HGV had little impact on alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, or gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in donors with HGV infection alone or those coinfected with HCV. A multivariate analysis showed that intravenous drug abuse was the leading risk factor for HGV transmission, followed by blood transfusion, snorting cocaine, imprisonment, and a history of sexually transmitted diseases. In summary, HGV and HCV infections were frequently associated and shared common parenteral risk factors;HGV did not appear to cause hepatitis or to worsen the course of coexistent hepatitis C.

关键词：供血者地高辛配基黄病毒科/遗传学黄病毒科/免疫学黄病毒科/分离和提纯肝炎病毒属/免疫学肝炎抗体/血液肝炎丙型/并发症肝炎丙型/传播肝炎丙型/病毒学肝炎病毒性人/并发症肝炎病毒性人/免疫学肝炎病毒性人/传播肝炎病毒性人/病毒学肝功能试验聚合酶链反应 RNA 病毒/血液危险因素病毒包膜蛋白质类/免疫学成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Liver and peripheral blood mononuclear cells are not major sites for GB virus-C/hepatitis G virus replication

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ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY 1999年第11期144卷 2173-2183页

作者： Kao, JH Chen, W Chen, PJ Lai, MY Chen, DS Natl Taiwan Univ Coll Med Dept Internal Med Taipei 10764 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Coll Med Grad Inst Clin Med Taipei 10764 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp Hepatitis Res Ctr Taipei 100 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Coll Med Hepatitis Res Ctr Taipei 10018 Taiwan

The pathogenesis and replication sites of GB virus-C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) in humans remain unclear. The presence of GBV-C/HGV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA sequences in matched serum, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and liver samples in 10 patients with GBV-C/HGV infection, 8 of whom were coinfected with HCV was explored. Positive- and negative-strand GBV-C/HGV and HCV RNA were detected by strand-specific reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and virus titers were quantified by competitive PCRs. Positive-strand GBV-C/HGV RNA was detected in 7 of 10 PBMC samples of the patients with serum GBV-C/HGV RNA, but negative-strand GBV-C/HGV RNA was not found in these cells. Positive-strand GBV-C/HGV RNA was found in 9 liver samples, and 2 (22%) of them also had negative strand. Ln contrast, negative-strand HCV RNA was frequently found in PBMC and liver samples. A positive correlation between the titer of viral RNA in liver tissue and that in serum sample was demonstrated in HCV infection, but not in GBV-C/HGV infection. These findings suggest that liver and PBMC are not the major replication sites for GBV-C/HGV and that GBV-C/HGV is not a primary hepatotropic virus.

关键词：黄病毒科/遗传学黄病毒科/分离和提纯黄病毒科/生理学肝炎丙型/并发症肝炎丙型/病毒学肝炎病毒性人/血液肝炎病毒性人/并发症肝炎病毒性人/病理学肝炎病毒性人/病毒学白细胞单核/病毒学肝/病理学肝/病毒学 RNA 病毒/血液病毒复制成年人老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Analysis of hepatitis G virus GB virus C quasispecies and replication sites in human subjects

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BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 1999年第2期258卷 296-299页

作者： Radkowski, M Wang, LF Cianciara, J Rakela, J Laskus, T Univ Pittsburgh Med Ctr Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Inst Infect Dis Warsaw Poland

Although the hepatitis G virus is unlikely to be a primary hepatotropic virus, its replication sites remain unclear. Using highly strand-specific Tth-based reverse transcriptase PCR we searched for the presence of the viral RNA negative strand in various autopsy tissues in two patients who died of end-stage Liver disease. In addition, amplified viral sequences were compared in the 5' untranslated and the putative capsid regions by the single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), Negative strand HGV RNA was detected in bone marrow and spleen from both patients and in lymph node tissue from one. All amplified sequences from a given patient were identical when compared by SSCP and direct sequencing. This lack of difference in the composition of quasispecies recovered from various tissues suggests the presence of a single, common viral compartment in the infected host. (C) 1999 Academic Press.

关键词： 5'非翻译区碱基序列 DNA引物黄病毒科/遗传学黄病毒科/生理学种特异性病毒复制人类

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Perinatal transmission of hepatitis G virus (GB virus type C) and hepatitis C virus infections -: A comparison

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CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 1999年第4期28卷 816-821页

作者： Wejstål, R Månson, AS Widell, A Norkraus, G Sahlgrens Univ Hosp Dept Infect Dis S-41685 Gothenburg Sweden Malmo Univ Hosp Dept Med Microbiol Malmo Sweden

Hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection is more common than hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and is frequently found in healthy individuals. Although parenteral spread of HGV is wen recognized? other routes of transmission probably occur as well. In a prospective stud, of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis viruses, 69 pregnant women with antibodies to HCV and their 81 newborn children were included. Serum levels of HCV RNA and HGV RNA were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, and antibodies to HCV and HGV envelope protein E2 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fifty-nine of the mothers had HCV viremia, whereas 16 had HGV viremia. HCV transmission from viremic mothers occurred in 2.8%-4.2% of the cases, whereas HGV transmission from viremic mothers occurred in 75.0%-80.0% of the cases (P < .001). Sequencing of the PCR products of HGV from the mother-infant serum pairs showed minor differences in most cases but sequence homology in each pair. Although the rate of perinatal HGV transmission highly exceeded that of perinatal HCV transmission, HCV did not seem to induce hepatitis in the children.

关键词：碱基序列疾病传播垂直黄病毒科/遗传学黄病毒科/免疫学黄病毒科/生理学肝炎病毒属/遗传学肝炎病毒属/生理学肝炎抗体/血液肝炎丙型/传播肝炎丙型/病毒学肝炎抗体丙型/血液肝炎病毒性人/传播肝炎病毒性人/病毒学分子序列数据聚合酶链反应妊娠并发症感染性/病毒学前瞻性研究 RNA 病毒/血液 RNA 病毒/遗传学病毒血症成年人女(雌)性人类婴儿婴儿新生妊娠

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