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Combinations of intervention treatments resulting in 5-log₁₀-unit reductions in numbers of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium DT104 organisms in apple cider

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APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY 1999年第5期65卷 1924-1929页

作者： Uljas, HE Ingham, SC Univ Wisconsin Dept Food Sci Madison WI 53706 USA

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently mandated a warning statement on packaged fruit juices not treated to reduce target pathogen populations by 5 log(10) units. This study describes combinations of intervention treatments that reduced concentrations of mixtures of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (strains ATCC 43895, C7927, and USDA-FSIS-380-94) or Salmonella typhimurium DT104 (DT104b, U302, and DT104) by 5 log(10) units in apple cider with a pH of 3.3, 3.7, and 4.1. Treatments used were short-term storage at 4, 25, or 35 degrees C and/or freeze-thawing (48 h at -20 degrees C;4 h at 4 degrees C) of cider with or without added organic acids (0.1% lactic acid, sorbic acid [SA], or propionic acid). Treatments more severe than those for S. typhimurium DT104 were always required to destroy E. coli O157:H7. In pH 3.3 apple cider, a 5-log(10)-unit reduction in E. coli O157:H7 cell numbers was achieved by freeze-thawing or 6-h 35 degrees C treatments. In pH 3.7 cider the 5-log(10)-unit reduction followed freeze-thawing combined with either 6 h at 4 degrees C, 2 h at 25 degrees C, or 1 h at 35 degrees C or 6 h at 35 degrees C alone. A 5-log(10)-unit reduction occurred in pH 4.1 cider after the following treatments: 6 h at 35 degrees C plus freeze-thawing, SA plus 12 h at 25 degrees C plus freeze-thawing, SA plus 6 h at 35 degrees C, and SA plus 4 h at 35 degrees C plus freeze-thawing. Yeast and mold counts did not increase significantly (P < 0.05) during the 6-h storage at 35 degrees C. Cider with no added organic acids treated with either 6 h at 35 degrees C, freeze-thawing or their combination was always preferred by consumers over pasteurized cider (P < 0.05), The simple, inexpensive intervention treatments described in the present work could produce safe apple cider without pasteurization and would not require the FDA-mandated warning statement.

关键词：酸类饮料/微生物学集落计数微生物大肠杆菌感染/预防和控制大肠杆菌O157/分离和提纯食品处理和加工冷冻水果/微生物学真菌/分离和提纯氢离子浓度安全沙门菌食物中毒/预防和控制沙门菌鼠伤寒/分离和提纯温度酵母菌/分离和提纯人类

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EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION OF COCKERELS WITH SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM

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RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE 1975年第2期18卷 165-170页

作者： BROWN, DD ROSS, JG SMITH, AFG MINIST AGR FISHERIES & FOOD VET LABESKGROVELASSWADESCOTLAND

Six-month-old SPF Brown Leghorn cockerels were experimentally infected per os with S typhimurium (1 times 1010) and slaughtered at intervals up to 42 days following infection. Observations were made on the clinical pathology, bacteriology and serology during the course of infection and extensive bacteriological examinations were undertaken after post mortem examination.

关键词：投药口服凝集试验血液/微生物学鸡泄殖腔/微生物学腹泻/兽医学血细胞比容肠/微生物学肠/病理学肾/病理学家禽疾病/微生物学家禽疾病/病理学沙门菌感染动物/微生物学沙门菌感染动物/病理学沙门菌鼠伤寒/免疫学沙门菌鼠伤寒/分离和提纯脾/病理学动物男(雄)性

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Consumer attitudes and behaviours -: key risk factors in an outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium phage type 12 infection sourced to chicken nuggets

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AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 1999年第2期23卷 164-167页

作者： Kenny, B Hall, R Cameron, S S Australian Dept Human Serv Communicable Dis Control Branch Adelaide SA 5000 Australia

Objectives: To identify the source and intervention methods for an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium phage type 12 in South Australia. Method: Ten cases of S. Typhimurium phage type (PT) 12 infection were notified in South Australia in a four-week period from 7 May 1998. Nine cases and 27 controls were included in a case control study to test the hypothesis that illness was associated with the consumption of chicken nuggets. Results: A significant association between illness and the consumption of one brand of chicken nuggets was determined, odds ratio undefined (95% CI undefined;p = undefined). Nine of nine cases and one of 27 controls reported eating these chicken nuggets. S. Typhimurium PT 12 was isolated from an opened sample of this particular brand of nuggets which had been retrieved from the home of one case. Conclusions and implications: The implicated nuggets were essentially a raw product which had been 'flash fried' in contrast with other brands which were fully cooked. The investigation highlighted issues of inadequate labelling and consumer responses to labelling information which affect food safety. A media release to highlight to the consumer the need to cook frozen food properly and a voluntary recall of the 'flash fried' product was instigated as a result of these conclusions. Further action is needed to eliminate the potential hazard that consumers will perceive and handle 'flash fried' nuggets as if they are a cooked chicken product.

关键词：年龄分布健康态度病例对照研究鸡疾病暴发流行/预防和控制疾病暴发流行/统计学和数值数据食品污染/预防和控制食品污染/统计学和数值数据食品微生物学发病率比值比冒险沙门菌食物中毒/流行病学沙门菌食物中毒/病因学沙门菌鼠伤寒/分离和提纯性别分布南澳大利亚/流行病学青少年成年人老年人动物女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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INFECTION WITH ENTERITIS SALMONELLA AT NON-INTESTINAL SITES

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DEUTSCHE MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT 1975年第26期100卷 1425-1428页

作者： OPREE, W RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN MED FAKABT MED MIKROBIOLGOETHE STR 27-2951 AACHENFED REP GER

So-called "enteritis Salmonella" was isolated in five cases from extra-intestinal specimens (about 3% of all primary Salmonella isolations in one year). The organisms were: S. typhimurium, S. enteritidis, S. java, S. panama, and S. infantis. In four of the five cases the clinical picture was not that of a Salmonella infection. Focal manifestations were a knee-joint empyema after long-term treatment with glucocorticoids, pleuritis in Hodgkin's disease, osteomyelitis of the head of the tibia, and meningitis in a child. In a 72-year-old man, acute renal failure occurred after enteritis, following which the Salmonella was isolated from the respiratory tract for many weeks.

关键词：积脓/病因学肠炎/并发症糖皮质激素类/治疗应用霍奇金病/并发症肾功能衰竭急性/病因学膝关节脑膜炎/病因学骨髓炎/病因学胸膜炎/病因学呼吸系统/微生物学沙门菌感染/并发症沙门菌感染/诊断沙门菌感染/微生物学沙门菌肠炎/分离和提纯沙门菌鼠伤寒/分离和提纯胫骨时间因素成年人老年人儿童女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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