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检索条件"主题词=2D array"

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Simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers by means of SERS on polymer nanopillar - gold arrays 13

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Conference on Plasmonics in Biology and Medicine XIII

作者： Morasso, Carlo Picciolini, Silvia Mehn, dora Pellacani, Paola Frangolho, Ana Marchesini, Gerardo Vanna, Renzo Gualerzi, Alice Bedoni, Marzia Marabelli, Franco Gramatica, Furio IRCCS S Maria Nascente Fdn Don Carlo Gnocchi Via Capecelatro 66 Milan Italy Plasmore Srl Via Deledda 4 Ranco VA Italy BioSyPher 5 Fowey Ave Ilford IG4 5JT England Univ Pavia Via Bassi 6 Pavia Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781628419580

The detection of biomarkers by means of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is foreseen to became a very important tool in the clinical practice because of its excellent sensitivity and potential for the simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers. In the present paper we describe how it was possible to build a sensor for the detection of genetic biomarkers involved in acute myeloid leukemia. The assay is based on the use of a specifically designed SERS substrate made of a 2d crystal structure of polymeric pillars embedded in a gold layer. This substrate is characterized by good enhancing properties coupled with an excellent homogeneity. The SERS substrate was conjugated with dNA probes complementary to a target sequence and used in a sandwich assay with gold nanoparticles labeled with a second dNA probe and a Raman reporter. The so developed assay allowed the detection of a leukemia biomarker (WT1 gene) and an housekeeping gene with low picomolar sensitivity. At last, we optimized the assay in order to tackle one of the main limitations of SERS based assay: the loss of signal that is observed when the Raman spectra are collected in liquid. Combining a preferential functionalization on the polymeric pillars with a different height of the polymer pillars from the gold layer the assay demonstrated its effectiveness even when measured in buffer.

关键词： SERS Raman Biosensor Biomarker detection Cancer Nanoparticles 2d array

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Growth of two-dimensional arrays of uncapped gold nanoparticles on silicon substrates

Growth of two-dimensional arrays of uncapped gold nanopartic...

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National Review and Coordination Meeting on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

作者： das, Anindya das, Soma Raychaudhuri, A. K. SN Bose Natl Ctr Basic Sci DST Unit Nanosci Kolkata 700098 India

A method of preparing large area patterned 2d arrays of uncapped gold (An) nanoparticles has been developed. The pattern has been formed. using self-assembly of uncapped An nanoparticles. The An nanoparticles were synthesized via toluene/water two phase systems using a reducing agent and colloidal solution of An nanoparticles was produced. These nanoparticles have been prepared without using any kind of capping agent. Analysis by TEM showed discrete An nanoparticles of 4 nm average diameter. AFM analysis also showed similar result. The TEM studies showed that these nanoparticles formed self-assembled coherent patterns with dimensions exceeding 500 nm. Spin coating on silicon substrate by suitably adjusting the speed can self-assemble these nanoparticles to lengths exceeding 1 mu m.

关键词： gold nanoparticles 2d array spin-coating self-assembly TEM AFM

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Comprehensive design Considerations for 2d Matrix arrays

Comprehensive Design Considerations for 2D Matrix Arrays

引用

IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium

作者： Lu, X. M. Siemens Med Solut USA Inc Ultrasound Issaquah WA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424424283

KLM and FEM (PZFLEX) models were used to compare piezoelectric materials in 2d matrix transducer designs, including PZT5H, high dielectric ceramics, single crystal, and multilayer PZT. The 5-layer PZT configuration demonstrated the best performance (10+dB more transmit sensitivity) for the impedance transformation effects. The PMN-PT single crystal array has higher bandwidth and consumes less dynamic power (power loss due to charging/discharging an element capacitor) and is more favorable than other PZT materials in a 2d matrix array. The disadvantages for the single crystal are low depoling voltage and low depoling temperature. The high dielectric ceramics had better transmit efficiency than PZT5H. The receive SNR for the three types of piezoelectric material and multilayer PZT were not much different in case of optimal preamp design available, i.e., when the preamp noise source impedance matches element impedance. The 2d FEM model demonstrated irregular angular response due to cross talk of a flex layer on top of the elements for a half lambda pitch 2d array. A 1.7 lambda pitch and 3.5MHz 2d array was built and tested for pulse echo and angular response.

关键词： 2d array model transmit efficiency receive SNR

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Efficient vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers for infrared illumination applications

Efficient vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers for infrar...

引用

Conference on Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers XV

作者： Seurin, Jean-Francois Xu, Guoyang Guo, Baiming Miglo, Alexander Wang, Qing Pradhan, Prachi Wynn, James d. Khalfin, Viktor Zou, Wei-Xiong Ghosh, Chuni Van Leeuwen, Robert Princeton Optron Mercerville NJ 08619 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819484895

Infrared illumination is used in the commercial and defense markets for surveillance and security, for high-speed imaging, and for military covert operations. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are an attractive candidate for IR illumination applications as they offer advantageous properties such as efficiency, intrinsically low diverging circular beam, low-cost manufacturing, narrow emission spectrum, and high reliability. VCSELs can also operate at high temperatures, thereby meeting the harsh environmental requirements of many illuminators. The efficiency and brightness of these VCSELs also reduce the requirements of the power supply compared to, for example, an LEd approach. We present results on VCSEL arrays for illumination applications, as well as results on VCSEL-based illumination experiments. These VCSELs are used in illuminators emitting from a few Watts up to several hundred Watts. The emission of these VCSEL-based illuminators is speckle-free with no interference patterns. Infra-red illumination at up to 1,600ft (500m) from the source has been demonstrated using VCSEL-based illumination, without any optics.

关键词： Semiconductor lasers vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) 808nm 976nm high efficiency high-power 2d array reliability infrared illumination infrared imaging speckle-free

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High-power red VCSEL arrays

High-power red VCSEL arrays

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Conference on Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers XVII

作者： Seurin, Jean-Francois Khalfin, Viktor Xu, Guoyang Miglo, Alexander Li, daizong Zhou, delai Sundaresh, Mukta Zou, Wei-Xiong Lu, Chien-Yao Wynn, James d. Ghosh, Chuni Princeton Optron Mercerville NJ 08619 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819494085

High-power red laser sources are used in many applications such as cosmetics, cancer photodynamic therapy, and dNA sequencing in the medical field, laser-based RGB projection display, and bar-code scanning to name a few. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) can be used as high-power laser sources, as efficient single devices can be configured into high-power two-dimensional arrays and scaled into modules of arrays. VCSELs emit in a circular, uniform beam which can greatly reduce the complexity and cost of optics. Other advantages include a narrow and stable emission spectrum, low speckle of the far-field emission, and good reliability. However, developing efficient red VCSEL sources presents some challenges because of the reduced quantum-well carrier confinement and the increased Aluminum content (to avoid absorption) which increases thermal impedance, and also decreases the dBR index contrast resulting in increased penetration length and cavity losses. We have recently developed VCSEL devices lasing in the visible 6xx nm wavelength band, and reaching 30% power conversion efficiency. We fabricated high-power 2d arrays by removing the GaAs substrate entirely and soldered the chips on high thermal conductivity submounts. Such arrays have demonstrated several Watts of output power at room temperature, in continuous-wave (CW) operation. Several tens of Watts are obtained in QCW operation. Results and challenges of these high-power visible VCSEL arrays will be discussed.

关键词： Semiconductor laser 2d array VCSEL red laser visible laser high power laser photodynamic therapy gene sequencing projection display bar-code scanning

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design of a piezocomposite matrix transducer configuration for multi-mode operation in HIFU applications

Design of a piezocomposite matrix transducer configuration f...

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IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium

作者： Berriet, Remi Fleury, Gerard IMASONIC ZA Savourots F-70190 Voray Sur LOgnon France

ISBN: (纸本)9781424413836

High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) is now a recognized method for the non-invasive treatment of tumors, and transducers are required to have more and more capabilities. The most advanced HIFU transducers can produce enough power for thermal ablation and can also electronically steer and focus the power ultrasonic beam to create a defined volume necrosis using 2d transducer arrays. In addition, the formation of the necrosis must be controlled by monitoring the treatment through an appropriate Imaging method, usually either external ultrasound Imaging (111) or magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI). The proposed design, based on power piezocomposite technology, combines UI and HIFU capabilities with the same active area. To achieve this goal, the electro-acoustic structure is optimized, as well as the acoustical and electrical matching of the transducer elements. The 2d structure of the array Is designed to allow both the electronic driving of the HIFU focal point Into a volume and also the monitoring of the treatment through the imaging of the area of interest around the necrosis. Additional functions such as tracking the movements made during the treatment can also be carried out with elements of the array. The MRI compatibility of the whole transducer can be achieved by the right choice of materials, making the simultaneous control by MRI and UI possible. It is expected that this multi-mode matrix type of transducer has good potential for both external and endocavitary HIFU applications.

关键词： monitoring therapeutic ultrasound HIFU 2d array dual mode transducer

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"Synthetic Axial Acquisition" full resolution C-Scan ultrasonic imaging

"Synthetic Axial Acquisition" full resolution C-Scan ultraso...

引用

IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium

作者： Li, Y Blalock, TN Walker, WF Hossack, JA Univ Virginia Dept Biomed Engn Charlottesville VA 22903 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780393821

This work relates to efficient and low cost acquisition of beamformer data for C-Scan imaging. In our previously described directly Sampled In-phase and Quadrature (dSIQ) approach [1], as few as one complex sample per array element is used. In the 'Synthetic Axial Acquisition' (SAA) approach presented here, we take advantage of the fact that we use an unfocused transmit beam (plane wave) and are imaging primarily shallow and slowly moving, or static, tissue regions. Over a set of approximately 80 serial transmit / receive firings, each with the receive sampling trigger delay offset by the equivalent of one digital sampling interval, a per channel data record of sufficient length to enable a high quality approximation to conventional delay and sum beamforming using full length channel data records. depending on the choice of beamforming condition, (center frequency, aperture size and focal depth the SAA approach yields an approximately 30% improvement in lateral resolution over that achievable with dSIQ. FIELd H based simulations were performed for parameters appropriate for our next generation of 'Sonic Window' dSIQ-based C-Scan imaging system with a 5 MHz Center Frequency, 60 x 60 fully sampled 2d array and a 0.3 mm pitch. (A 1d array simulation was performed in the analyses presented here.) These simulations, which include analysis of the effects of target motion in both the parallel and perpendicular directions with respect to the acoustic beam, indicate that the approach is robust with respect to expected levels of target motion. The SAA approach partially precludes an opportunity for signal averaging that is afforded by the dSIQ approach. However, since the phase coherency of acquired SAA signal samples are accounted for in the beamforming summation, the impact on final image SNR is modest.

关键词： ultrasound beamforming C-Scan 2d array

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2d SWIR Image sensor with extended wavelength cutoff of 2.5 μm on InP/InGaAs epitaxial wafers with graded buffer layers 42

2D SWIR Image sensor with extended wavelength cutoff of 2.5 ...

引用

42 Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XLII

作者： Mushini, Prabhu Huang, Wei Morales, Manuel Brubaker, Robert Thuc-Uyen Nguyen dobies, Matt Zhang, Wei Gustus, William Mathews, Gary Endicter, Scott Paik, Namwoong UTC Aerosp Syst 330 Carter RdSuite 100 Princeton NJ 08540 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510600607

Two-dimensional photo detector arrays with a cutoff wavelength of 2.5 mu m were fabricated on InP/InGaAs epitaxial wafers with graded buffer layers in a 320x256 geometry on a 12.5 mu m pitch. Novel growth and fabrication techniques were employed to fabricate these arrays and optimize the performance. The dark current of the detector was investigated for a wide range of temperatures. The fabricated detector array was mated with a ROIC and packaged with a multi-stage TEC and investigated further at the FPA level. The effect of the graded buffer layers on the sensor performance was investigated and the results were compared to other methods used to develop and fabricate 2d image sensors on extended wavelength materials.

关键词： InGaAs 2d array 2.5 mu m cutoff dark current graded buffer layer

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A matrix transducer for 3d Transesophageal Echocardiography with a separate transmit and receive subarray

A matrix transducer for 3D Transesophageal Echocardiography ...

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IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS)

作者： Blaak, Sandra Lancee, Charles T. Bosch, Johan G. Prins, Christian van der Steen, Antonius F. W. de Jong, Nico Erasmus MC Thoraxctr Biomed Engn Rotterdam Netherlands Oldelft Ultrasound BV Delft Netherlands Interuniv Cardiol Inst Netherlands Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781457712524

With 3d Transesophageal echocardiography (3d TEE) the 3d anatomy and function of the heart is visualized. For 3d imaging an ultrasound matrix of several thousands of piezoelectric elements is required. The gastroscopic tube of a transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) probe can accommodate a limited number of cables, since it should remain thin and flexible. Therefore, the number of channels from the transducer should be reduced by using smart signal processing with integrated circuitry in the tip of the probe. The integrated receive circuits require low voltages. To ensure separation from the high voltages required for transmission, the proposed design features a separate transmit and receive subarray. An additional advantage of the two subarray design is that each subarray can be optimized for its specific role. A drawback of separate subarrays is that the axes of the transmit and receive beams do not coincide, making beamforming less straightforward. To reduce the sensitivity to grating lobe artifacts, the transducer is designed for second harmonic imaging. To ensure sufficient frame rate to visualize the movement of the heart valves, wide beam are transmitted (at 3MHz) and in receive (6MHz) microbeamforming is done in the transducer head and parallel beam forming in the mainframe. In this paper we investigate the beamforming using the separate transmit and receive subarray configuration. We focus on the overlap of the transmit and receive beams with parallel beamforming in reception.

关键词： 3d TEE echocardiography 2d array second harmonic imaging

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Single channel fetal ECG recovery using sparse redundant representations

Single channel fetal ECG recovery using sparse redundant rep...

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10th International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems (ISSCS)

作者： Ciocoiu, Iulian B. Gheorghe Asachi Tech Univ Iasi Fac Elect Telecommun & Informat Technol Iasi Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781457702013

A novel approach to fetal ECG signal recovery using a single abdominal record is proposed. Following transforming the original ECG waveform into a 2d array, we apply an image denoising procedure based on sparse representations over overcomplete dictionaries obtained by the K-SVd algorithm. A modified version of this algorithm using an L-1-norm fidelity term is shown to improve the performances over the classical L-2-norm approach. Experimental results indicate that the quality of the recovered fetal ECG signals is comparable to those employing multi-channel recordings and Independent Components Analysis or adaptive filtering algorithms.

关键词： 2d array Algorithm design and analysis databases dictionaries ECG waveform Electrocardiography Image denoising K-SVd algorithm L1-norm fidelity term L2-norm approach Noise Signal processing algorithms adaptive filtering algorithms adaptive filters electrocardiography fetal ECG signal recovery fetal ECG signals image denoising image denoising procedure independent component analysis independent components analysis medical signal processing multichannel recordings obstetrics overcomplete dictionary signal representation single abdominal record single channel fetal ECG recovery singular value decomposition sparse redundant representations sparse representations waveform analysis

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