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3d modeling of MFL Imaging System to detect Surface discontinuities in Ferromagnetic Tubes

MATERIALS EVALUATION 2020年第3期78卷 379-386页

作者： Ganesh, R. Senthil Karuppasamy, P. Abudhahir, A. Vinoth, R. Selvaperumal, S. PSR Engn Coll ECE Sivakasi India Vel Tech Multitech Dr Rangarajan Dr Sakunthala En EEE Chennai Tamil Nadu India Syed Ammal Engn Coll EEE Ramanathapuram India

This paper expands on the 3d modeling and simulation of a magnetic flux leakage (MFL) imaging system to detect the different shapes of discontinuities on the surface (outer, sub, and inner) of ferromagnetic steam generator tubes (SGTs). It features an effective detection technique that obtains model-predicted MFL signals for constructing an MFL image of the defective surface to visualize the shape and severity of the discontinuity based on its leakage field. Additionally, the impact of variation in the shape of the discontinuity-such as rectangular, elliptical, or flatbottom hole (FBH)-on diverse surfaces and its MFL signal is analyzed for enhancing the reliability of determining the characteristics of the discontinuity. The 3d modeling and simulation was performed using a finite element modeling for magnetics (FEMM) tool for predicting the leakage fields of discontinuities found in SGTs.

关键词： magnetic flux leakage steam generator tube MFL imaging 3d modeling discontinuity characterization

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3d modeling of NPP Containment Medium Mixing during the development of Severe Accidents

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ATOMIC ENERGY 2023年第3期133卷 160-165页

作者： Ignatiev, A. A. Avdeev, E. E. Povarenskiy, R. B. Kapiza, d. V. Kukhtevich, V. O. Semashko, S. E. Atomenergoproekt St Petersburg Russia

The article considers the 3d modeling of a gaseous medium mixing during a NPP severe accident using the STAR-CCM+ commercial code. The mathematical model of a passive hydrogen recombiner is described. The results of calculating a severe accident scenario and its comparison with the results obtained using the KUPOL-M code of lumped parameters are given. An analysis of possible hydrogen combustion and detonation is carried out.

关键词： 3d modeling

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3d modeling of silicon quantum dots

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SUPERLATTICES ANd MICROSTRUCTURES 2000年第5-6期27卷 377-382页

作者： Milicic, SN Badrieh, F Vasileska, d Gunther, A Goodnick, SM Arizona State Univ Dept Elect Engn Tempe AZ 85287 USA

We present results of full 3d self-consistent simulations of the energy spectrum in silicon-based symmetric quantum dots. Numerically derived conductance peak dependence upon the depletion and top gate biases closely resembles the experimentally measured ones, suggesting that conductance peak is measured when some discrete energy level in the dot coincides with the Fermi level. Electron wavefunction mode mixing is observed when atomistic description of the impurity distribution in the semiconductor was used. (C) 2000 Academic Press.

关键词： silicon quantum dots 3d modeling

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3d modeling of planetary lobate scarps: The case of Ogygis Rupes, Mars

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EARTH ANd PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS 2020年第0期531卷 116004-000页

作者： Herrero-Gil, Andrea Ruiz, Javier Romeo, Ignacio Univ Complutense Madrid Fac Ciencias Geol Dept Geodinam Estratig & Paleontol E-28040 Madrid Spain

Lobate scarps are the topographic expression of the largest thrust faults observed on the surfaces of terrestrial planets and their study provides information on the mechanical characteristics of the lithosphere at the time of formation. Here we show the results of 3d modeling of Ogygis Rupes, located in Aonia Terra, which is one of the most topographically pronounced lobate scarps described in the cratered martian highlands. The observed relief of Ogygis Rupes has been modeled by a combination of Trishear and Fault Parallel Flow algorithms, providing a successful reproduction of the observed topography through a 3d modeling that includes the main thrust fault, forming the lobate scarp relief, and two subsidiary backthrusts. This recreation allows us to interpret Ogygis Rupes relief, modeling the fault propagation folding, and constraining fault parameters and their variations along strike. The detailed slip distribution along the three faults reflects a general decay from the center to the edges for each fault, with the maximum slip value (2850 m) located approximately at the center of the main fault. The fault surfaces obtained for the main thrust fault and the two backthrusts show listric geometries at depth. The decollement where the main fault roots is set at similar to 17-18 km deep, related to a main rheological threshold that on Mars is interpreted to be the depth of the Brittle-ductile Transition at the time of the lobate scarp formation (Late Noachian/Early Hesperian). The listric morphology of the main fault implies that the total slip associated with this thrust fault is transmitted from the decollement, being representative of the regional shortening associated with the lobate scarp formation. Otherwise, the modeled backthrusts are subsidiary listric faults rooting at shallower depths (2.3-5.6 km), probably indicating the presence of mechanical discontinuities in the brittle domain of the martian lithosphere. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： lobate scarps Mars thrust fault Brittle-ductile Transition 3d modeling

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3d modeling of Electrostatic Interaction between Atomic Force Microscopy Probe and dielectric Surface: Impact of Tip Shape and Cantilever Contribution

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON dIELECTRICS ANd ELECTRICAL INSULATION 2016年第2期23卷 705-712页

作者： Boularas, A. Baudoin, F. Teyssedre, G. Villeneuve-Faure, C. Clain, S. Univ Toulouse LAPLACE Lab Plasma & Convers Energie 118 route Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse 9 France CNRS INPT UPS 118 route Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse 9 France Univ Minho DMA & CMAT Campus Azume Guimaraes Portugal Univ Toulouse 3 Inst Math Toulouse F-31062 Toulouse France

Techniques derived from the near-field microscopies and particularly the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) are presented as alternative techniques for space charge measurement compared to classical techniques due to their high sensitivity to the electrostatic force and an improved spatial resolution (few nanometers). One of the AFM derivative methods, which allow obtaining information on the charge state of the dielectric materials, is based on the measurement of Force distance Curves (FdC) obtained by cycling approach and retraction of the AFM probe to the dielectric surface. In this paper, three-dimensional (3d) simulation results for the electrostatic force between an AFM tip and the surface of a dielectric are presented for different AFM tip geometries. The first aim is to analyse the effect of tip shape on electrostatic contribution to force-distance curves. The second step consists in extracting cantilever contribution to electrostatic force. Finally, a model merging cantilever and tip shape contributions is developed. Simulation results are shown and compared with experimental data in order to validate our approach.

关键词： AFM electrostatic force force distance curve 3d modeling space charge measurement

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3d modeling Simulation and Innovative design of a Saw Cutting Mechanism for a Movable Buckling Machine

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APPLIEd SCIENCES-BASEL 2024年第17期14卷 8088页

作者： Yang, Xuechun Wu, Xiangjie Xu, Huadong Hefei Univ Off Lab Construct & Management Hefei 230601 Peoples R China Northeast Forestry Univ Coll Mech & Elect Engn Harbin 150040 Peoples R China

In this research, a sawing mechanism of a mobile buckling machine was innovatively designed for the forest resources and environmental characteristics of the northeast region of China. The northeast region of China is rich in forest resources, but the climate is cold, which puts high demands on the performance and adaptability of mechanical equipment. In this study, the three-dimensional modeling of the saw-cutting mechanism was completed by Pro/Engineer 5.0 modeling software, and an in-depth dynamics simulation analysis was carried out using dynamics simulation software. The study aims to assess the applicability of this saw-cutting mechanism in the northeast region of China, analyze its design characteristics, and explore possible directions for performance optimization. Through this study, we expect to provide valuable references for future technological innovations, as well as to promote the practical application and development of mobile buckling machines in cold regions. This research not only has regional characteristics, but also reflects the innovative idea of combining mechanical equipment design with environmental adaptability.

关键词： saw-cutting mechanism 3d modeling dynamics simulation

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3d modeling of coupled soil heat and moisture transport beneath a surface fire

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT ANd MASS TRANSFER 2020年第0期149卷 119163-000页

作者： Bao, Ting Liu, Si Qin, Yinghong Liu, Zhen (Leo) Michigan Technol Univ Dept Mech Engn Engn Mech 1400 Townsend Dr Houghton MI 49931 USA Guangxi Univ Coll Civil Engn & Architecture 100 Univ Rd Nanning 540003 Guangxi Peoples R China Minist Educ Key Lab Disaster Prevent & Struct Safety Nanning 530004 Guangxi Peoples R China Michigan Technol Univ Dept Civil & Environm Engn 1400 Townsend DrDillman 201F Houghton MI 49931 USA

Understanding the soil heat and moisture transport is significant for assessing the living condition of vegetation and microorganisms in soils. Numerous studies have been conducted to understand the coupled soil heat and moisture transport under "normal" environmental conditions;while this coupled transport under extremely high-temperature conditions caused by surface wildfires is little understood. Particularly, 3d modeling of such coupled transport is absent. Here, we develop a 3d model to understand more realistic characteristics of the soil heat and moisture transport beneath a surface fire. With the 3d model, we investigate the lateral transport of soil heat and moisture in a 3d space, the influence of a surface fire on soil moisture and temperature conditions in neighboring regions without fires, and the effect of initial water contents on the delay of soil heating. The modeling results showed that the lateral transport leads to an obvious difference in soil temperature and moisture between the inside and border area of the fire region. Such a difference cannot be considered with a 1d model widely used in existing studies. For the initial water content effect, we confirmed that a high initial water content delays the soil heating to cooler regions at deeper soil depths during the late stage of soil heating. Our results also showed that a surface fire significantly changes soil heat and moisture in the no-fire region neighboring to the simulated fire. At the location 50 m away from the fire region, the soil temperature and moisture in upper soil layers can increase to over 85 degrees C and decrease to 0.006 m(3) m(-3) within 5 h, respectively. This study provides important insights, which are useful for fire management but have not been reported before, for understanding more physically realistic characteristics of the 3d soil heat and moisture transport beneath a surface fire in both the fire and no-fire regions. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surface fire Heat and moisture transport 3d modeling Nonlinear material property

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3d modeling of overall adsorption rate of acetaminophen on activated carbon pellets

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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2017年 321卷 510-520页

作者： Ocampo-Perez, R. Aguilar-Madera, C. G. diaz-Blancas, V. Autonomous Univ San Luis Potosi Fac Chem Sci Ctr Invest & Postgrad Studies San Luis Potosi 78260 Mexico Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon Earth Sci Fac Mexico City DF 67700 Mexico

In this work the overall adsorption rate of acetaminophen on activated carbon pellets (ACP) was analyzed in deep. The concentration decay curves were interpreted by a 3d diffusional model because the intraparticle diffusion of acetaminophen inside ACP in radial and axial directions are important in this form of activated carbon. The 3d diffusional model considers the external mass transfer, intraparticle diffusion (pore volume and surface diffusion) and the adsorption on an active site. The results demonstrated that the application of 3d diffusional model based on pore volume diffusion interprets clearly the kinetic curves, however values of effective diffusion coefficient (d-ep) higher than molecular diffusivity are obtained indicating superdiffusion phenomenon. On the other hand, the application of a general diffusion model evidenced that during the whole time interval, the acetaminophen diffuses consecutively by surface diffusion followed by pore volume diffusion. In short times the surface flux is higher than the pore volume flux, but at higher intervals of time, the relevance of both fluxes reverts. Finally, from 3d simulation it is clear that at longer times, the solute mainly enters from the solution through the pellet borders, and acetaminophen desorption signs are even evident at the center of the pellet covers, due to the inverse concentration gradient established between the pellet and the solution. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Acetaminophen Adsorption kinetics 3d modeling Surface diffusion Poro volume diffusion

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3d modeling and inversion of the electrical resistivity tomography using steel cased boreholes as long electrodes

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JOURNAL OF APPLIEd GEOPHYSICS 2014年 109卷 292-300页

作者： Zhang, Ying-Ying Liu, de-Jun Ai, Qing-Hui Qin, Min-Jun China Univ Petr State Key Lab Petr Resources & Prospecting Beijing 102249 Peoples R China China Univ Petr Coll Geophys & Informat Engn Beijing 102249 Peoples R China China Petr Logging Co Ltd Prod Logging Ctr Xian 710201 Peoples R China

Electrical resistivity tomography using a steel cased borehole as a long electrode is an advanced technique for geoelectrical survey based on the conventional mise-a-la-masse measurement. In most previous works, the steel casing is simplified as a transmission line current source with an infinitely small radius and constant current density. However, in practical stratified formations with different resistivity values, the current density along the casing cannot be constant. In this study, the steel casing is modeled by a conductive physical volume that the casing occupies in the finite element mesh. The current supply point is set on the center of the top surface of the physical volume. Synthetic modeling, using both a homogenous and layered formation, demonstrates reasonability of the forward modeling method proposed herein. Based on this forward modeling method, the inversion procedure can be implemented by using a freeware R3t (Lancaster University, UK). Inversion results of synthetic modeling data match fairly well with the defined target location and validate that the method works on the inversion of the casing-surface electrical resistivity data. Finally, a field example of Changqing oil field in China is carried out using the inversion method to image water flooding results and to discover wells with great potential to enhance residual oil recovery. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3d modeling Resistivity inversion Borehole geophysics R3t

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3d modeling of material heating with the laser beam for cylindrical geometry

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MATHEMATICAL ANd COMPUTER MOdELLING 2006年第5-6期43卷 620-631页

作者： Gospavic, R Sreckovic, M Popov, V Todorovic, G Fac Civil Engn Belgrade Serbia Monteneg Fac Elect Engn Belgrade Serbia Monteneg Wessex Inst Technol Southampton SO40 7AA Hants England

In this work an analytical approach for analyzing heating of material with a laser beam is presented. A thermal model of interaction for the case of cylindrical geometry of the material and asymmetric distribution of the laser beam intensity is used and an analytical procedure is developed to analyze the temporal and the spatial distribution of the temperature field inside the bulk of material. This kind of consideration is of practical interest in cases where the excitation by the laser beam is not symmetric in respect to its position or shape, e.g., multi-mode working regimes or asymmetrical distribution of the laser beam intensity. The heating effects were considered in the temperature range up to the melting point. The thermal and the optical parameters of the material were assumed to be independent of the temperature and were given constant values in the temperature range of interest. This approach makes use of the Laplace transform, in order to eliminate dependence on time. The Fourier method of variable separation was used to obtain the temperature field distribution in the Laplace transform domain. By using the pulse response and duhamel's principle the 3d temperature field distribution in time domain is obtained. By using an appropriate set of orthogonal functions in r directions, the numerical procedure is made more effective, saving this way the CPU time. The general solutions for the temporal as well as spatial temperature field distributions are evaluated in a closed form in terms of the particular solutions of the governing partial differential equation (PdE). Because of linearity of the governing PdE, the superposition principle was used in the case of complex distributions of the laser beam intensity. The influence of different kinds of laser beam parameters to the temperature field distributions was considered. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3d modeling laser thermal model temperature field multi-mode

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