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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia & Expo (ICME)

作者： Cheng, Fei Xiao, Jimin Tillo, Tammam Xian Jiaotong Liverpool Univ XJTLU Dept Elect & Elect Engn Suzhou Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479970827

In this paper, a motion-information-based 3d video coding method is proposed for the texture plus depth 3d video format. The synchronized global motion information of camcorder is sampled to assist the encoder to improve its rate-distortion performance. This approach works by projecting temporal previous frames into the position of the current frame using the depth and motion information. These projected frames are added in the reference buffer as virtual reference frames. As these virtual reference frames are more similar to the current frame than the conventional reference frames, the required residual information is reduced. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme enhances the coding performance in various motion conditions including rotational and translational motions.

关键词： 3d video coding global motion information depth map reference buffer

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HEVC-based 3d holoscopic video coding using self-similarity compensated prediction

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SIGNAL PROCESSING-IMAGE COMMUNICATION 2016年 42卷 59-78页

作者： Conti, Caroline Soares, Luis ducla Nunes, Paulo Inst Univ Lisboa ISCTE IUL Inst Telecomunicacoes Lisbon Portugal

Holoscopic imaging, also known as integral, light field, and plenoptic imaging, is an appealing technology for glassless 3d video systems, which has recently emerged as a prospective candidate for future image and video applications, such as 3d television. However, to successfully introduce 3d holoscopic video applications into the market, adequate coding tools that can efficiently handle 3d holoscopic video are necessary. In this context, this paper discusses the requirements and challenges for 3d holoscopic video coding, and presents an efficient 3d holoscopic coding scheme based on High Efficiency video coding (HEVC). The proposed 3d holoscopic codec makes use of the self-similarity (SS) compensated prediction concept to efficiently explore the inherent correlation of the 3d holoscopic content in Intra- and Inter-coded frames, as well as a novel vector prediction scheme to take advantage of the peculiar characteristics of the SS prediction data. Extensive experiments were conducted, and have shown that the proposed solution is able to outperform HEVC as well as other coding solutions proposed in the literature. Moreover, a consistently better performance is also observed for a set of different quality metrics proposed in the literature for 3d holoscopic content, as well as for the visual quality of views synthesized from decompressed 3d holoscopic content. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3d holoscopic video Integral imaging Light field Plenoptic imaging 3d video coding HEVC

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UPSAMPLEd-VIEW dISTORTION OPTIMIZATION FOR MIXEd RESOLUTION 3d video coding

UPSAMPLED-VIEW DISTORTION OPTIMIZATION FOR MIXED RESOLUTION ...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

作者： Joachimiak, Michal Hannuksela, Miska M. Aflaki, Payman Gabbouj, Moncef Tampere Univ Technol Dept Signal Proc FIN-33101 Tampere Finland Nokia Res Ctr Tampere Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781479983391

The MVC+d extension of the Advanced video coding (H.264/AVC) standard enables multiview-and-depth 3d video coding but specifies that all views are coded at equal spatial resolution. In mixed resolution 3d video coding some of the views are coded at reduced resolution. This paper proposes an improvement for the mode decisions in depth encoding in the mixed resolution scenario. We modify the distortion calculation for rate-distortion optimized depth coding. The proposed solution optimizes the depth data compression with assumption that it will be used not only for view synthesis but also for depth-based super resolution in the post-processing stage. The algorithm is implemented on top of the mixed resolution 3d video encoder based on the 3dV-ATM reference software. Evaluation of the proposed solution, tested under the JCT-3V common test conditions, is done against the mixed resolution MVC+d coding with the view synthesis distortion enabled. The results show 2.64% dBR gain for coded views and 0.64% gain for synthesized views.

关键词： 3d video coding depth coding mixed resolution rate-distortion optimization upsampled-view distortion

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Synthesis-Aware Region-Based 3d video coding 16th

Synthesis-Aware Region-Based 3D Video Coding

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16th Pacific-Rim Conference on Multimedia (PCM)

作者： Xing, Zhiwei Wang, Anhong Jin, Jian Wu, Yingchun Taiyuan Univ Sci & Technol Inst Digital Media & Commun Taiyuan 030024 Peoples R China Beijing Jiaotong Univ Beijing 100044 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783319240787;9783319240770

In a depth-image-based rendering (dIBR)-based 3d video system, the original 3d video is commonly compressed from the point of the video itself, paying little attention to its contribution to the synthesized virtual view. This paper first proposes a method to divide the original video into different regions according to its contribution to the synthesized view and then proposes to measure the regions using compressive sensing with different measurement rates, leading to a synthesis-aware region-based 3d video coding approach. Experimental results show that our approach can achieve better synthesized quality under the same equivalent measurement rate. Our approach is suitable for the applications when the virtual view is more important than the original views.

关键词： 3d video coding Region-division Synthesis-aware coding dIBR Compressive sensing

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Smooth View Quality Oriented Bit Allocation Optimization for 3d video coding

Smooth View Quality Oriented Bit Allocation Optimization for...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)

作者： Wang, Xu Kwong, Sam Gao, Wei Zhou, Yu Yuan, Hui Zhang, Yun Shenzhen Univ Coll Comp Sci & Software Engn Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China City Univ Hong Kong Dept Comp Sci Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China City Univ Hong Kong Shenzhen Res Inst Shenzhen 518057 Peoples R China Shandong Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn Jinan 250100 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479986965

View level bit allocation is an fundamental optimization problem in multiview video plus depth (MVd) based 3d video coding (3dVC). In this paper, we propose a smooth view quality oriented view level bit allocation framework for MVd based 3dVC. The Cauchy-density based rate-distortion model of the texture video and depth map are employed to represent the rate distortion properties. The relationship between the distortion of synthesized view and quantization step size of texture videos and depth maps is approximately fitted as linear model. Final, the bit allocation problem is solved by convex optimization algorithms. Experimental results demonstrated that our proposed algorithm can achieve good performance with acceptable computational complexity comparing to the full search scheme.

关键词： View Level Bit Allocation 3d video coding Multiview video Plus depth

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Fast Rate-distortion Optimization for depth Maps in 3-d video coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BROAdCASTING 2023年第1期69卷 21-32页

作者： Huo, Junyan Zhou, Xile Yuan, Hui Wan, Shuai Yang, Fuzheng Xidian Univ Sch Telecommun Engn State Key Lab Integrated Serv Networks Xian 710071 Peoples R China Shandong Univ Sch Control Sci & Engn Jinan 250061 Peoples R China Northwestern Polytech Univ Sch Elect & Informat Xian 710072 Peoples R China RMIT Univ Sch Engn Melbourne Vic 3001 Australia

To ensure the fidelity of virtual views, rate-distortion optimization (RdO) criterion for the 3d extension of the High Efficiency video coding (3d-HEVC) is well designed, in which the synthesized view distortion (SVd) is introduced to derive the rate-distortion (Rd) cost. To obtain accurate SVds, the rendering operation is employed which demands a fairly high computational complexity. To address this problem, a fast RdO method for depth maps is proposed, which checks the Rd cost during its calculation process. Specifically, given a coding mode, the Rd cost is composed of several cumulative items. If the accumulated Rd cost is equal to or exceeds the minimum Rd cost of previously coded modes, it will not be necessary to continue the Rd cost calculation for the mode. To reduce the encoding complexity, existing methods usually aim at reducing the number of tested modes or block partitions. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that the latent redundant complexity in the Rd cost calculation is investigated and removed. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared with the 3d-HEVC reference software, the proposed method can save 28.1% of depth coding time with a small coding gain (0.04% Bd-rate saving). An additional test is designed to evaluate four typical fast coding methods with/without the proposed method. Extensive results verify that the proposed method can be seamlessly combined with the state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Encoding Costs video coding Three-dimensional displays Complexity theory Rate-distortion distortion 3d video coding rate-distortion optimization 3d-HEVC depth maps rate-distortion cost

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UPSAMPLEd-VIEW dISTORTION OPTIMIZATION FOR MIXEd RESOLUTION 3d video coding

UPSAMPLED-VIEW DISTORTION OPTIMIZATION FOR MIXED RESOLUTION ...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Michal Joachimiak Miska M. Hannuksela Payman Aflaki Moncef Gabbouj Department of Signal Processing Tampere University of Technology Nokia Research Center

ISBN: (纸本)9781479983407

The MVC+d extension of the Advanced video coding (H.264/AVC) standard enables multiview-and-depth 3d video coding but specifies that all views are coded at equal spatial resolution. In mixed resolution 3d video coding some of the views are coded at reduced resolution. This paper proposes an improvement for the mode decisions in depth encoding in the mixed resolution scenario. We modify the distortion calculation for rate-distortion optimized depth coding. The proposed solution optimizes the depth data compression with assumption that it will be used not only for view synthesis but also for depth-based super resolution in the post-processing stage. The algorithm is implemented on top of the mixed resolution 3d video encoder based on the 3dV-ATM reference software. Evaluation of the proposed solution, tested under the JCT-3V common test conditions, is done against the mixed resolution MVC+d coding with the view synthesis distortion enabled. The results show 2.64%dBR gain for coded views and 0.64% gain for synthesized views.

关键词： 3d video coding depth coding Mixed resolution Rate-distortion optimization Upsampled-view distortion video coding Rate distortion Resolving power View distortion videotapes super-resolution depth coding

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Reducing 3d video coding Complexity through More Efficient disparity Estimation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 2014年第1期60卷 74-82页

作者： Micallef, Brian W. debono, Carl J. Farrugia, Reuben A. Univ Malta Dept Commun & Comp Engn CCE MSD-2080 Msida Malta Univ Malta Dept CCE MSD-2080 Msida Malta

3d video coding for transmission exploits the disparity Estimation (dE) to remove the inter-view redundancies present within both the texture and the depth map multi-view videos. Good estimation accuracy can be achieved by partitioning the macro-block into smaller sub-blocks partitions. However, the dE process must be performed on each individual sub-block to determine the optimal mode and their disparity vectors, in terms of rate-distortion efficiency. This vector estimation process is heavy on computational resources, thus, the coding computational cost becomes proportional to the number of search points and the inter-view modes tested during the rate-distortion optimization. In this paper, a solution that exploits the available depth map data, together with the multi-view geometry, is proposed to identify a better dE search area;such that it allows a reduction in its search points. It also exploits the number of different depth levels present within the current macro-block to determine which modes can be used for dE to further reduce its computations. Simulation results demonstrate that this can save up to 95% of the encoding time, with little influence on the coding efficiency of the texture and the depth map multi-view video coding. This makes 3d video coding more practical for any consumer devices, which tend to have limited computational power(1).

关键词： 3d video coding fast disparity estimation fast mode selection disparity estimation multi-view video coding

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Overview of the MVC + d 3d video coding standard

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JOURNAL OF VISUAL COMMUNICATION ANd IMAGE REPRESENTATION 2014年第4期25卷 679-688页

作者： Chen, Ying Hannuksela, Miska M. Suzuki, Teruhiko Hattori, Shinobu Qualcomm Inc San Diego CA 92121 USA Nokia Res Ctr Tampere 33720 Finland Sony Shinagawa Ku Tokyo 1418610 Japan

3d video services are emerging in various application domains including cinema, TV broadcasting, Blu-ray discs, streaming and smartphones. A majority of the 3d video content in market is still based on stereo video, which is typically coded with the multiview video coding (MVC) extension of the Advanced video coding (H.264/AVC) standard or as frame-compatible stereoscopic video. However, the 3d video technologies face challenges as well as opportunities to support more demanding application scenarios, such as immersive 3d telepresence with numerous views and 3d perception adaptation for heterogeneous 3d devices and/or user preferences. The Multiview video plus depth (MVd) format enables depth-image-based rendering (dIBR) of additional viewpoints in the decoding side and hence helps in such advanced application scenarios. This paper reviews the MVC + d standard, which specifies an MVC-compatible MVd coding format. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multiview video coding MVC MVC plus d H.264 Multiview video plus depth Multiview video coding plus depth 3d video coding 3d video coding standards

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Low Complexity Adaptive View Synthesis Optimization in HEVC Based 3d video coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEdIA 2014年第1期16卷 266-271页

作者： Ma, Siwei Wang, Shiqi Gao, Wen Peking Univ Inst Digital Media Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

In this correspondence, we explore a low-complexity adaptive view synthesis optimization (VSO) scheme in the upcoming high-efficiency video coding (HEVC)-based 3-d video coding standard. We first devise a novel zero-synthesized view difference (ZSVd) model which jointly accounts for the distortion of the synthesized view induced by the compound impact of depth-disparity mapping, texture adaptation, and occlusion in the view synthesis process. This model can efficiently estimate the maximum allowable depth distortion in synthesizing a virtual view without introducing any geometry distortion. Then, an adaptive ZSVd-aware VSO scheme is proposed by incorporating the ZSVd model into the rate-distortion optimization process, which is developed by pruning the conventional view synthesis algorithm. Extensive experimental results confirm that the proposed model is capable of accurately predicting the zero distortion of the synthesized view and exhibit that the proposed ZSVd-aware VSO scheme can remarkably reduce the coding computational complexity with negligible performance loss.

关键词： 3d video coding computational complexity view synthesis optimization zero synthesized view difference

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