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Object Based coding of the depth Maps for 3d video coding

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 2009年第3期55卷 1699-1706页

作者： de Silva, d. V. S. X. Fernando, W. A. C. Yasakethu, S. L. P. Univ Surrey I Lab Ctr Commun Syst Res Guildford GU2 7XH Surrey England

The emergence of three dimensional (3d) video applications, based on depth Image Based Rendering (dIBR) has brought lip more requirements of bandwidth, due to the need of depth information. This additional bandwidth requirement need to be tackled to enable the widespread of 3d video applications based on dIBR. Exploiting visual correlations between the color image and the depth image, in depth image coding, will reduce the requirement of high bandwidth required to transmit the additional depth information. In this paper, an object based depth image coding technique is presented which is suitable for low bit rate 3d-TV applications that are based on depth Image Based Rendering. The proposed method achieves at most 50% bit rate reduction at low bit rates.

关键词： 3d video coding depth image based rendering Object Based coding

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3d video bit rate adaptation decision taking using ambient illumination context

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ENGINEERING SCIENCE ANd TECHNOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL-JESTECH 2014年第3期17卷 105-115页

作者： Yilmaz, G. Nur Arachchi, H. K. dogan, S. Kondoz, A. Kirikkale Univ Elect & Elect Engn Dept Kirikkale Turkey Univ Surrey Fac Engn & Phys Sci Ctr Vis Speech & Signal Proc Lab Multimedia Commun Res 1 Guildford GU2 7XH Surrey England

3-dimensional (3d) video adaptation decision taking is an open field in which not many researchers have carried out investigations yet compared to 3d video display, coding, etc. Moreover, utilizing ambient illumination as an environmental context for 3d video adaptation decision taking has particularly not been studied in literature to date. In this paper, a user perception model, which is based on determining perception characteristics of a user for a 3d video content viewed under a particular ambient illumination condition, is proposed. Using the proposed model, a 3d video bit rate adaptation decision taking technique is developed to determine the adapted bit rate for the 3d video content to maintain 3d video quality perception by considering the ambient illumination condition changes. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed technique is capable of exploiting the changes in ambient illumination level to use network resources more efficiently without sacrificing the 3d video quality perception. Copyright (C) 2014, Karabuk University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3d video quality perception Adaptation decision taking video adaptation Ambient illumination depth intensity Luminance contrast Motion Structural feature 3d video adaptation decision taking 3d video coding

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dISPARITY-AdJUSTEd 3d MULTI-VIEW video coding WITH dYNAMIC BACKGROUNd MOdELLING

DISPARITY-ADJUSTED 3D MULTI-VIEW VIDEO CODING WITH DYNAMIC B...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Manoranjan Paul Christopher J. Evans Manzur Murshed Centre for Research in Complex Systems (CRiCS) Charles Sturt University Australia Gippsland School of Information Technology Monash University Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479923427

Capturing a scene using multiple cameras from different angles is expected to provide the necessary interactivity in the 3d space to satisfy end-users' demands for observing objects and actions from different angles and depths. Existing multiview video coding (MVC) technologies are not sufficiently agile to exploit the interactivity and inefficient in terms of image quality and computational time. In this paper a novel technique is proposed using disparity-adjusted 3d MVC (dA-3d-MVC) with 3d motion estimation (ME) and 3d coding to overcome the problems. In the proposed scheme, a 3d frame is formed using the same temporal frames of all disparity-adjusted views and ME is carried out for the current 3d macroblock using the immediate previous 3d frame as a reference frame. Then, 3d coding technique is used for better compression. As all the same temporal position frames of all views are encoded at the same time, the proposed scheme provides better interactivity and reduced computational time compared to the H.264/MVC. To improve the rate-distortion (Rd) performance of the proposed technique, an additional reference frame comprising dynamic background is also used. Experimental results reveal that the proposed scheme outperforms the H.264/MVC in terms of Rd performance, computational time, and interactivity.

关键词： McFIS 3d motion estimation 3d video coding 3d Zigzag 3d dCT and video interactivity

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Joint video/depth rate allocation for 3d video coding based on view synthesis distortion model

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SIGNAL PROCESSING-IMAGE COMMUNICATION 2009年第8期24卷 666-681页

作者： Liu, Yanwei Huang, Qingming Ma, Siwei Zhao, debin Gao, Wen Chinese Acad Sci Inst Comp Technol Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Grad Univ Beijing Peoples R China Peking Univ Inst Digital Media Beijing 100871 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci Harbin 150006 Peoples R China

Joint video/depth rate allocation is an important optimization problem in 3d video coding. To address this problem, this paper proposes a distortion model to evaluate the synthesized view without access to the captured original view. The proposed distortion model is an additive model that accounts for the video-coding-induced distortion and the depth-quantization-induced distortion, as well as the inherent geometry distortion. depth-quantization-induced distortion not only considers the warping error distortion, which is described by a piecewise linear model with the video power spectral property, but also takes into account the warping error correlation distortion between two sources reference views. Geometry distortion is approximated from that of the adjacent view synthesis. Based on the proposed distortion model, a joint rate allocation method is proposed to seek the optimal trade-off between video bit-rate and depth bit-rate for maximizing the view synthesis quality. Experimental results show that the proposed distortion model is capable of approximately estimating the actual distortion for the synthesized view, and that the proposed rate allocation method can almost achieve the identical rate allocation performance as the full-search method at less computational cost. Moreover, the proposed rate allocation method consumes less computational cost than the hierarchical-search method at high bit-rates while providing almost the equivalent rate allocation performance. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： View synthesis distortion model Rate allocation 3d video coding

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OVERVIEW OF THE MULTIVIEW HIGH EFFICIENCY video coding (MV-HEVC) STANdARd

OVERVIEW OF THE MULTIVIEW HIGH EFFICIENCY VIDEO CODING (MV-H...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Miska M. Hannuksela Ye Yan Xuehui Huang Houqiang Li Nokia Technologies University of Science and Technology of China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479983407

This paper reviews the multiview extension (MV-HEVC) of the High Efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard. MV-HEVC is capable of multiview video coding with or without accompanying depth views. The key design concepts and design elements of MV-HEVC are described in the paper. Furthermore, the features and characteristics of MV-HEVC compared to other standardized video codec extensions for three-dimensional (3d) video coding are reviewed.

关键词： HEVC MV-HEVC 3d video coding video coding High efficiency video coding videotapes design factors design concept video codecs Tea

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Adaptive Frame Level Rate Control in 3d-HEVC

Adaptive Frame Level Rate Control in 3D-HEVC

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IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing Conference

作者： Tan, Songchao Si, Junjun Ma, Siwei Wang, Shanshe Gao, Wen Dalian Univ Technol Sch Comp Sci & Technol Dalian 116024 Peoples R China Peking Univ Inst Digital Media Beijing 100871 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Sch Comp Sci & Technol Harbin 150080 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479961399

In this paper, we propose a new frame level rate control algorithm for the high efficiency video coding (HEVC) based 3d video (3dV) compression standard. In the proposed scheme, a new initial quantization parameter (QP) decision scheme is provided, and the bit allocation for each view is investigated to smooth the bitrate fluctuation and reach accurate rate control. Meanwhile, a simplified complexity estimation method for the extended view is introduced to reduce the computational complexity while improves the coding performance. The experimental results on 3dV test sequences demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve better R-d performance and more accurate rate control compared to the benchmark algorithms in HTM10.0. The maximum performance improvement can be up to 12.4% and the average Bd-rate gain for each view is 5.2%, 6.5% and 6.6% respectively.

关键词： rate control initial QP bits allocation 3d video coding

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Adaptive block size selection for inter-layer backward view synthesis prediction 3

Adaptive block size selection for inter-layer backward view ...

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Conference on Optoelectronic Imaging and Multimedia Technology III

作者： Chen, Li Hannuksela, Miska M. Li, Houqiang Univ Sci & Technol China Hefei 230027 Anhui Peoples R China Nokia Res Ctr Tampere 33720 Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781628413465

Traditional forward view synthesis prediction enables the efficient use of depth to provide synthesized frames for texture reference in non-base layers. But asserted drawbacks of high complexity that results from edge detection, hole-filling, up sampling and down sampling in forward warping technique compromise the positive performance. Hence, backward view synthesis prediction is proposed to remove these drawbacks while maintaining the performance. However, fixed depth block used in backward view synthesis prediction limits the performance gain and the number of motion compensation operations, which is a requisite concern of complexity analysis. In this paper, a block based BVSP for inter-layer prediction with only high-level syntax changes is implemented and an adaptive depth block size selection method is proposed. The experimental results show that an average gain of 3.5% bitrate reduction was achieved and after enabling adaptive depth block size selection, this performance gain is relatively maintained while the number of motion compensation operations was reduced to a designated level.

关键词： View synthesis prediction 3d video coding depth map MV-HEVC

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video and depth Bitrate Allocation in Multiview Compression

Video and Depth Bitrate Allocation in Multiview Compression

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21st International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing (IWSSIP)

作者： Klimaszewski, Krzysztof Wegner, Krzysztof domanski, Marek Poznan Univ Tech Chair Multimedia Telecommun & Microelect Polanka 3 PL-61131 Poznan Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9789531841917

In the paper, a novel method for determining the optimal ratio between bitrate of texture (video) and depth data in a multiview compression with depth maps is presented. The method provides an easy way of adjusting the bitrate of compressed data stream using only a single parameter, while maintaining the correct balance between video and depth bitrate. The balance is optimized for the best possible quality of the synthesized view that can be generated in the range between input views. The works concentrate on a scenario where the video and depth maps are compressed independently using the contemporary multiview coder.

关键词： 3d video coding depth coding multiview compression multiview with depth MVC

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A planar model based intra prediction method for depth map coding

A planar model based intra prediction method for depth map c...

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International Conference on Information Technology and Industrial Engineering

作者： Hu, Ruifang Yuan, Hui Ge, Chuan Li, Yujun Liu, Wei Shandong Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn Jinan 250100 Peoples R China Digital Multi Media Technol Hisense State Key Lab Qingdao Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781845648442;9781845648435

A planar model based intra prediction method for depth map is proposed based on the analyses of the nature of depth maps. The neighboring pixels as well as their corresponding pixel coordinates of current block are utilized to compute model parameters. Then, the predicted pixels of the current block are calculated based on the proposed model. Finally, a rate distortion criterion is used to choose the optimal prediction method between the proposed one and those of H.264. Experimental results demonstrate that by implementing the proposed method into H.264/multi-view video coding (MVC) software platform Joint Model of Multiview video coding version 8.3 (JMVC8.3), the maximum and average bit rate savings of depth maps can be achieved as high as -13.14% and -6.35%, respectively, while maintaining the same quality of synthesized virtual views.

关键词： intra prediction planar model depth maps coding 3d video coding

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GENERIC SEGMENT-WISE dC FOR 3d-HEVC dEPTH INTRA coding

GENERIC SEGMENT-WISE DC FOR 3D-HEVC DEPTH INTRA CODING

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Hongbin Liu Ying Chen Qualcomm Technology Inc.

ISBN: (纸本)9781479957521

In 3d extension of HEVC (High Efficiency video coding), namely, 3d-HEVC, segment-wise dC coding (SdC) was adopted to more efficiently represent the depth residual for Intra coded depth blocks. Instead of coding pixel-wise residual as in HEVC, SdC codes one dC residual value for each segment of a Prediction Unit (PU) and skips transform and quantization. SdC was originally proposed for only a couple of modes, including the dC mode, Planar mode and depth modeling mode (dMM), which has an arbitrary straight line separation of a PU. This paper proposes a generic SdC method that applies to the conventional angular Intra modes. For each depth prediction unit coded with Intra prediction mode, encoder can adaptively choose to code pixel-wise residual or segment-wise residual to achieve better compression efficiency. Experimental results show that proposed method can reduce the total bit rate by about 1% even though the depth views altogether consumes relatively low percentage of the total bit rate.

关键词： Segment-wise dC coding depth Intra prediction mode 3d-HEVC 3d video coding SdC

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