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4d modeling of precipitable water vapor to assess flood forecasting by using GPS signals

NATURAL HAZARdS 2024年第1期120卷 181-195页

作者： Sorkhabi, Omid Memarian djamour, Yahya Univ Coll Dublin CeADAR Irelands Ctr Appl AI Dublin Ireland Shahid Beheshti Univ SBU Fac Civil Water & Environm Engn Tehran Iran

Every year the government and people suffer from the cost of damages caused by natural disasters such as hurricanes and floods. Thanks to Global Positioning System (GPS) permanent station data, today it is possible to determine the amount of Water Vapor (WV) very accurately and reliably. GPS signals pass through different layers of the atmosphere, such as the ionosphere and troposphere, and therefore they are delayed. A significant part of the delay is due to the troposphere, which is one of the serious sources of error in GPS. In this research, by using 5 GPS permanent stations located in the Arasbaran region, in northwest of Iran, the Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) is evaluated in order to show the capacity of this method in forecasting the October 2012 flood over the region. The results showed that the amount of PWV in the atmosphere had increased by 2 mm a few hours before the flood, which could be used as a forecast indicator. The Tikhonov regularization for tropospheric tomography covering the GPS stations region was also performed for latitude and altitude components for 3 consecutive days: the day before the flood, the flood day, and the day after the flood. A high amount of PWV was observed in the troposphere on the day before the flood, and especially on the flood day. during the study period, the results from tomography and the radiosonde were in good agreement, with a significance correlation of around 0.95. Also, the values of PWV obtained from GPS and MOdIS-NIR do not have an absolute error more than 4.4 mm over the 8 days from 8 October 2012 to 15 October 2012.

关键词： Flood GPS PWV Tomography 4d modeling

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Site logistics planning and control for engineer-to-order prefabricated building systems using BIM 4d modeling

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AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION 2019年第Feb.期98卷 248-264页

作者： Bortolini, Rafaela Formoso, Carlos Torres Viana, daniela d. Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Bldg Innovat Res Unit NORTE Porto Alegre RS Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Interdisciplinar Dept Campus Litoral Norte Porto Alegre RS Brazil C Colom 11 Ed TR-5 Barcelona Spain

There has been a growing demand for engineer-to-order (ETO) prefabricated building systems, in which a unique product must fulfill the requirements of specific clients. Although industrialized building systems can potentially simplify the production process, there is usually a high level of complexity in ETO production systems, such as uncertainty in client demands, short lead-time, overlapping between project stages, and resources that are shared among different projects. In this context, logistics management plays a key role in terms of achieving project goals related to cost, time and safety. This research work proposes the combined use of principles from the Lean Production Philosophy and Building Information modeling (BIM), as a mechanism to cope with the complexity involved in those types of projects. Although these can be regarded as two separate approaches for improving the performance of production systems in the construction industry, there are evidences that there is much synergy between them. This paper reports the development of a logistics planning and control model for site assembly of ETO prefabricated building systems using BIM 4d modeling. The main theoretical contribution of this research work is the understanding of the synergies between Lean principles and BIM functionalities that are applicable to site logistics management, providing an example of how this body of knowledge can be expanded. This investigation also provides some practical contributions on how to carry out logistics planning and control at different hierarchical levels, with the support of BIM 4d modeling, aligning this process with the Last Planner System of production control. design science research was the methodological approach adopted in this investigation, and the proposed model was developed and tested in empirical studies carried out in a steel fabricator company that designs, fabricates and assemblies steel structures.

关键词： Logistics Construction site Engineer-to-order 4d modeling Building Information modeling

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Optimierung der 4d-Modellierung durch die Anwendung von flexiblen Verknüpfungsregeln am Beispielprojekt ,,Weserquerung A281"

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BAUTECHNIK 2024年第8期101卷 462-470页

作者： Tschickardt, Thomas Schuchhardt, Nils Oerter, Nico Wayss & Freytag Ingenieurbau AG Digital Construct Leiter BIM Management Eschborner Landstr 130-132 D-60489 Frankfurt Germany Wayss & Freytag Ingenieurbau AG Digital Construct Eschborner Landstr 130-132 D-60489 Frankfurt Germany

die Implementierung der 4d-Modellierung in Bauprojekten steht vor erheblichen Herausforderungen. In der Praxis erfolgt die Umsetzung gr & ouml;ss tenteils manuell oder mithilfe starrer regelbasierter Verkn & uuml;pfungen, da Standards fehlen, wie diese Verkn & uuml;pfungsregeln aufzubauen sind. der Aufsatz widmet sich dieser Problematik und stellt die Anwendung von flexiblen Verkn & uuml;pfungsregeln anhand eines Beispielprojekts vor. die flexible 4d-Modellierung zeichnet sich durch die Erstellung einer individuellen Kodierung f & uuml;r jeden Vorgang aus, um s & auml;mtliche Hierarchieebenen des Projekts zu ber & uuml;cksichtigen. Basierend auf einer gewerke & uuml;bergreifenden Projektinformationsstruktur erfolgt eine Filterung geometrischer Objekte im Hinblick auf jeden Vorgang. das Ergebnis ist eine Auswahl geometrischer Objekte, die auf den jeweiligen Vorgang zugeschnitten ist und in einer flexiblen Wechselwirkung mit diesem steht. die vorgestellte Methode von interdisziplin & auml;ren und flexiblen Verkn & uuml;pfungsregeln zur 4d-Modellierung strebt an, die Effizienz und Genauigkeit in Bauprojekten zu steigern, indem unterschiedliche disziplinen und Gewerke sowie deren spezifische Prozesse flexibel ber & uuml;cksichtigt werden k & ouml;nnen und gleichzeitig eine konsistente datenstruktur gew & auml;hrleistet ist. dieser Ansatz kann dazu beitragen, die Planung und durchf & uuml;hrung von Bauprojekten zu optimieren und die Zusammenarbeit zwischen den Projektbeteiligten zu f & ouml;rdern, indem auf Basis einer Projektinformationsstruktur die 4d-Modellierung erfolgt. Optimization of 4d modeling through the application of flexible linking rules using the example project "Weser crossing A281"The implementation of 4d modeling in construction projects faces significant challenges due to a static approach and the absence of established standards. In practice, implementation is mostly manual or relies on rigid, rule-based linkages. Additionally, standards for establish

关键词： 4d-Modellierung BIM 4d-BIM Projektinformationsstruktur Bauablaufplanung 4d modeling 4d BIM project information structure construction scheduling

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Integrating 4d modeling and discrete event simulation for phasing evaluation of elevated urban highway reconstruction projects

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AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION 2015年 60卷 25-38页

作者： Mawlana, Mohammed Vandatikhaki, Faridaddin doriani, Ahmad Hammad, Amin Concordia Univ Dept Bldg Civil & Environm Engn Montreal PQ H3G 2W1 Canada Giffels Westpro Vancouver BC Canada Concordia Univ Concordia Inst Informat Syst Engn Montreal PQ H3G 2W1 Canada

Elevated urban highway reconstruction projects have complex geometry and limited space available, which may lead to spatiotemporal clashes. In addition, maintaining an acceptable flow of traffic without compromising safety in highway construction zones is another major issue for planners. This paper proposes a new method for generating and assessing reconstruction phasing plans and calculating the probability of stochastic spatiotemporal clashes associated with the optimal feasible phasing plan. A phasing plan assessment approach using a constraint-based system and 4d modeling is presented to define the feasible sequences in which the segments can be constructed or demolished. The result of this step is an optimal feasible phasing plan that meets a set of predefined constraints and creates no spatiotemporal clashes. This plan is then examined to calculate the probability of potential stochastic spatiotemporal clashes, which may happen when the variability of construction and demolition durations is considered, and to recommend the starting date of operations to minimize the probability of these clashes. The feasibility of the proposed method is explored through a case study. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Highway reconstruction Construction phasing Stochastic spatiotemporal clashes 4d modeling discrete event simulation

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Strategies for Representation and Analyses of 4d modeling Applied to Construction Project Management

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Procedia Economics and Finance 2015年 21卷 374-382页

作者： douglas M. Brito Emerson A.M. Ferreira Department of Urban Development Salvador- BA – 41.745-004 Brazil Federal University of Bahia Salvador-BA – 40.210-630 Brazil

The application of Information Technology (IT) to construction project management (CPM) has become crucial to the completion of projects in accordance with the specifications of time, quality and costs. However, there are difficulties in visualising the planning and work progress in space and integrating information between stakeholders. Building Information Modelling (BIM) can gather necessary information at different stages of a project's lifecycle, including production management. This study aims at discussing strategies for the representation and analyses of a building construction 4d Model for planning and control and evaluating the importance and applicability of 4d Modelling to CPM, based on the survey conducted with the professionals from the Brazilian construction sector using a Google docs questionnaire. The survey questions comprise the evaluation ofpotentialities, strategies for representation and analyses, such as the colour use for the differentiation of internal activities and alternatives of physical advance monitoring through the Planned x Realized schedule simulation or visualisation of them on split screen, ending with the evaluation of the 4d Modelling adoption. The results indicate the degrees of importance and applicability of the 4d Modelling regarding the aspects analysed based on professionals vision of construction industry.

关键词： 4d modeling building information modelling construction project management information technology virtual construction

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Workspace planning in construction: non-deterministic factors

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AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION 2020年 116卷 103222-103222页

作者： Hosny, Abdelhady Nik-Bakht, Mazdak Moselhi, Osama Concordia Univ Dept Bldg Civil & Environm Engn Montreal PQ Canada Concordia Univ Ctr Innovat Construct & Infrastruct Management CI Gina Cody Sch Engn & Comp Sci Montreal PQ H3G 1M8 Canada

Workspace interferences and collisions occurring on construction jobsites are products of unexpected spatiotemporal overlaps of resources. They affect the project performance and can create an unsafe environment. Current practices for workspace planning adopt a linear/mechanistic approach in modeling, which ignores uncertainties occurring during construction operations. Those methods do not account for the emergent behavior of crews, irreversibility of decisions made in the case of interferences, and bifurcation of those decisions over the project lifecycle. This paper presents the results of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the significance of such gaps. A software tool was developed to model workspaces probabilistically and detects interferences from 4d models. The impact of uncertainties on interference magnitudes was evaluated based on available models, and an industry survey was conducted accordingly. The results suggest that compounding effects of uncertainties may significantly affect the frequency and volume of overlapped workspaces in a project (volumes can increase for as much as 220%, for a 40% deviation in the inputs). Our findings also propose crew attributes for formulating a bottom-up approach, capable of capturing crews' interactions and predicting their decision when managing collisions.

关键词： Workspace management Operational clash Workspace interference Spatial-temporal clashes Construction planning uncertainties BIM 4d modeling Agent-based modeling Industry survey

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Chronographical spatiotemporal dynamic 4d planning

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AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION 2020年第0期112卷 103076-000页

作者： Mazars, Thibault Francis, Adel Quebec Univ ETS Construct Engn Dept Montreal PQ Canada

Originally, BIM models were developed for design perspectives only. Over the past two decades, several research works, methods and software have been developed to combine the 3d digital model of BIM (building information modeling) to the construction activities in order to simulate a 4d simulation of the project construction process. The fourth dimension is time. The simulation shows the work sequences with the aim of correcting planning errors, execution conflicts and serving as an aid in optimizing the worksite. The time dimension was added by integrating the Gantt/Precedence diagram into the simulation. despite its almost exclusive popularity, this method hardly represents the spatial management of the site, the occupancy rate and the circulation of people and materials. For that, the 4d modeling process was quite demanding in terms of time and effort with several rounds back and forth between the BIM model and the schedule. The Chronographic modeling, a space planning method has the ability to alternate between visual representations approaches using a set of graphical parameters. Each approach can help to model adapted schedules for different project types and specialties, shows valuable information in a clear and comprehensible manner and facilitate solving construction site problems visually. The aim of this paper is to present a communication strategy between the 3d-BIM model, the Chronographical modeling and the 4d simulation. The development process consists of four steps. The first step is to define the numerical parameters to adapt the model to the space management. The second step serves to develop a communication strategy and tool. The third step presents the Chronological scheduling process and the last step was the validation of the results through the simulation. The obtained result demonstrates the validity of the proposed solution by integrating the spatial management to the 4d simulation. Future work could integrate supply management and or apply

关键词： BIM 4d modeling Chronographical modeling Scheduling Space-planning

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Surface Motion Capture Animation Synthesis

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION ANd COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2019年第6期25卷 2270-2283页

作者： Boukhayma, Adnane Boyer, Edmond Univ Grenoble Alpes INRIA CNRS Grenoble INPLJK F-38000 Grenoble France

We propose to generate novel animations from a set of elementary examples of video-based surface motion capture, under user-specified constraints. 4d surface capture animation is motivated by the increasing demand from media production for highly realistic 3d content. To this aim, data driven strategies that consider video-based information can produce animation with real shapes, kinematics and appearances. Our animations rely on the combination and the interpolation of textured 3d mesh data, which requires examining two aspects: (1) Shape geometry and (2) appearance. First, we propose an animation synthesis structure for the shape geometry, the Essential graph, that outperforms standard Motion graphs in optimality with respect to quantitative criteria, and we extend optimized interpolated transition algorithms to mesh data. Second, we propose a compact view-independent representation for the shape appearance. This representation encodes subject appearance changes due to viewpoint and illumination, and due to inaccuracies in geometric modelling independently. Besides providing compact representations, such decompositions allow for additional applications such as interpolation for animation.

关键词： Character animation 3d video multiview reconstruction video-based animation 4d modeling 4d performance capture

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Four dimensional Gravity Forward Model in a deep Reservoir

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FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE 2020年 8卷

作者： Mancinelli, Paolo Univ G dAnnunzio Dipartimento Ingn & Geol Chieti Italy

In this work, we calculate the gravity signature of small density changes in a real-case deep reservoir. Based on the 3d forward density modeling of constrained geometries and using parameters of the involved rocks and fluids, we compute the differential gravity signature before and after the production period of the Volve oil field in the North Sea. Causative sources of the retrieved residuals are spatially correlated with positions of the most productive wells, locating areas of maximum density change. Results show that the 4d gravity forward model is capable of resolving residual gravity signatures also for deep and small density changes. In particular, we locate similar to-13 mu Gal gravity minima over the 2750 m deep reservoir;this minima was caused by the -53 kg m(-3)density change related to production and injection activity.

关键词： 4d modeling gravity forward modeling production data constraints deep source small density contrast

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Software library for path planning in complex construction environments 12th

Software library for path planning in complex construction e...

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12th European Conference on Product and Process Modelling (ECPPM)

作者： Kazakov, K. Morozov, S. Semenov, V. Zolotov, V. RAS Ivannikov Inst Syst Programming Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9780429506215;9781138584136

Recently spatial-temporal (4d) modeling is becoming increasingly important in the construction industry due to better planning of project works. One of the advantages not reachable through the usage of traditional methods is the detection of spatial-temporal conflicts in construction schedules. In the paper mathematical methods and software tools for the detection of a special type of conflicts-path conflicts are discussed. A software library for path planning in complex construction environments with non-trivial topology and dynamic behavior is presented. The main attention is paid to its general organization, functionality and object-oriented design. Computational experiments confirm the efficiency of the library and its advanced capabilities for spatial-temporal validation of construction schedules against path conflicts.

关键词： 4d modeling motion planning collision detection software engineering

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