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A Reduced Complexity algorithm of the Butterfly Trellis Unit for the Viterbi Decoder

JOURNAL OF AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS AND AVIATION 2022年第2期54卷 147-159页

作者： Rashid, Ruhaida Abdul Harun, Harlisya Ayob, Mohd Zaki Shamsudin, Norfadilah Nor, Sahzilawati Mohamed UniKL MIAT Satellite Commun & Av Syst Integrat SCASI Res Lab Avion Sect Lot 2891Jalan Jenderam Hulu Dengkil 43800 Selangor Malaysia Univ Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Inst UniKL BMI Batu 8Jalan Sungai Pusu Bangi 53100 Selangor Malaysia

Together with convolutional encoders, Viterbi decoders are commonly used to provide an excellent probability of error correction in wireless transmission. The encoder constraint length k must be set at higher values to achieve an improved bit error rate. With the growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) in recent years, there is inevitable demand for low-power IoT applications. Unfortunately, an increase in the value of k causes the complexity of the algorithm to increase exponentially. Consequently, the Viterbi decoder's power consumption will increase exponentially, which is a detriment to many wireless communication devices. Many of the Viterbi decoder's reduced complexity decoding approaches discussed in the past concentrated on the particular level of algorithms and architectures. Most of the studies focused on the difficulty of the decoder's Add-Compare Select Unit (ACSU) repetitive processing. This paper analyzes many variations carried out in the ACSU of the Viterbi algorithm. Several separate algorithms were compared and an approach to a combined algorithm was suggested. This paper offered an in-depth description of the reduced computation and its design for the proposed algorithm. Each algorithm and reduced complexity are compared with the conventional VD. The impact of power consumption is evaluated through the bit-error-rate (BER) vs Signal-to-Noise ratio (SNR), such that the proposed algorithm was found to have the best dB gain between 0 dB and 5 dB, indicating a significant power improvement over the other algorithms.

关键词： Adaptive Viterbi decoder Adaptive Ma*-algorithm Convolutional encoder Ma*-algorithm Viterbi algorithm

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Research on Parallel Detection of Equipment Monitoring Signals of Substation based on Improved ALOHa*-algorithm 14

Research on Parallel Detection of Equipment Monitoring Signa...

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14th International Conference on Computer Science and Education (ICCSE)

作者： Wang Hongliang Zhou Jie Liu Zhijian Kunming Univ Sci & Technol Kunming Yunnan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728118468

In order to solve the collision problem in the process of identifying a large number of monitoring signals when REID wireless system is applied to the equipment monitoring of mountainous substations, the REID wireless system architecture for equipment monitoring of mountainous substations is established. On the basis of the traditional frame-time slot ALOHA algorithm, a multi-antenna RFID reader is used to realize the parallel recognition of multi-signals in a single slot. Then the upper envelope of each throughput curve is taken according to the frame length N, and the frame length is adjusted at the intersection point. The signal flow is divided into groups, and the final algorithm flow chart is obtained. The simulation results show that the throughput can be improved up to 97.3% after parallel recognition, but the recognition rate S is limited by frame length N and signal number n;the recognition rate S can be maintained above 90% after frame length adjustment;and the recognition rate S at the tail of envelope can be reduced sharply with the increase of signal number n after periodic grouping. The simulation results show that the improved parallel recognition ALOHA algorithm not only improves the recognition rate, but also keeps a relatively stable recognition rate with the increase of the monitoring signal. The recognition rate is increased from 34% to 90% by the traditional frame-slot ALOHA algorithm, which greatly improves the monitoring signal of substation equipment. The probability of successful identification guarantees the safe and stable operation of mountain substations.

关键词： Equipment Monitoring Signal Parallel Recognition Envelope Curve ALOHa*-algorithm

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Pruning the algorithm complexity of the Add-Compare Select Unit (ACSU) for the Viterbi Decoder - A Review 5

Pruning the algorithm complexity of the Add-Compare Select U...

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5th IEEE International Conference on Smart Instrumentation, Measurement and Application (ICSIMA)

作者： Rashid, Ruhaida Abdul Harun, Harlisya Mansor, Zuhanis Shamsudin, Norfadilah Nor, Sahzilawati Mohamed Univ Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Inst Aviat Technol UniKL MIAT Lot 2891Jalan Jenderam Hulu Dengkil 43800 Selangor Malaysia Univ Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Inst UniKL BMI Batu 8Jalan Sungai Pusu Gombak 53100 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538662885

Viterbi decoders are widely employed along with convolutional encoders to provide an excellent error correction probability in digital wireless transmissions. To achieve lower error rates, the constraint length (k) of the encoder, has to be defined at higher values. However, higher (k) results in increasingly complex implementations of the Viterbi algorithm. As a result, the power consumption of the Viterbi decoder will increase exponentially which is to the disadvantage of many wireless communication devices. Many reduced complexity decoding techniques of the Viterbi decoder presented in the past focused on algorithm and architecture specific levels. Most of the studies concentrated on the Add-Compare Select Unit (ACSU) of the decoder, due to its nature of repetitive processing;also add to the complexity of the process. This paper presents a review of several variations of the Viterbi algorithm performed in the ACSU. The comparison was made among several different algorithms with the most optimal algorithm presented in this paper. A combined algorithm approach is proposed at the end of the review for future improvement.

关键词： adaptive viterbi decoder adaptive Ma*-algorithm convolutional encoder constraint length forward error correction trellis diagram

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Optimization of Revenue Generated by Hydro Power Plant by Bat algorithm(BA) 3

Optimization of Revenue Generated by Hydro Power Plant by Ba...

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3rd International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)

作者： Gupta, Shrey Sharma, Kapil Delhi Technol Univ Dept Comp Engn Delhi India

ISBN: (纸本)9789380544199

Electricity is prime driver of growth and has varied range of uses spanning transportation, production of goods, industries, domestic uses and many. In countries, like India, the demand for electricity has always been more than the supply and hence the country face power shortage. Electricity is generated by non-renewable resources like coal, oil, fossil fuels, nuclear power and natural gas and from renewable resources like wind energy, hydroelectric power plants, biomass, solar energy, reservoirs. Hydroelectric power plants are major source of electricity in india with presently installed capacity of 41,997.42 MW as on July 31, 2015 which is 15.22% of total electricity generation in India. Hydroelectricity means production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is significant to optimize the revenue generated by the hydroelectric power plant to meet the implementation cost and for expansion of hydroelectric power plants. A lot of research work has been done in optimization of hydroelectric flow. In this paper, a new calibrated revenue optimization model is developed with Multi-Objective Bat algorithm (MOBA) for hydro power plants. This model can be used to increase the revenue generated by the hydroelectric flow from the dam wih respect to given constraints in less time. Bat algorithm is the latest metaheuristic algorithm which is based on the behaviour of bats. Bat algorithm has received increased attention in many research fields recently. Bat algorithm based optimization model can predict the flow of water through turbine in hydroelectric power plant in order to maximize the revenue.

关键词： Application of bata*-algorithm Bat algorithm electricity production hydroelectric flow Optimization revenue maximization

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Resuscitation in Childhood-Recommendations of the Current Guidelines

NOTARZT

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NOTARZT 2023年第3期39卷 164-168页

作者： Gernoth, Christian Genzwuerker, Harald Helios Klinikum Duisburg Sekt Kinderanasthesie Helios St Duisburg Germany Neckar Odenwald Kliniken Klin Anasthesiol Buchen Germany Neckar Odenwald Kliniken Klin Anasthesiol Mosbach Germany Helios St Johannes Klin Duisburg Klin Anasthesie & Intens Med Dieselstr 185 D-47166 Duisburg Germany

While pediatric CPR has many parallels to the approach for adults, there are some distinct differences. Based on the predominantly respiratory causes, ventilation is mandatory in children. Resulting from the international consensus on science and treatment recommendations (CoSTR), both European Resuscitation Council and American Heart Association published updated guidelines.

关键词： European Resuscitation Council ERC infant cardiovascular arrest ABCDEa*-algorithm

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Estimation of latent network flows in bike-sharing systems

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STATISTICAL MODELLING 2022年第4期22卷 349-378页

作者： Schneble, Marc Kauermann, Goeran Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen Fac Math Informat & Stat Dept Stat Ludwigstr 33 DE-80539 Munich Germany

Estimation of latent network flows is a common problem in statistical network analysis. The typical setting is that we know the margins of the network, that is, in- and outdegrees, but the flows are unobserved. In this article, we develop a mixed regression model to estimate network flows in a bike-sharing network if only the hourly differences of in- and outdegrees at bike stations are known. We also include exogenous covariates such as weather conditions. Two different parameterizations of the model are considered to estimate (a) the whole network flow and (b) the network margins only. The estimation of the model parameters is proposed via an iterative penalized maximum likelihood approach. This is exemplified by modelling network flows in the Vienna bike-sharing system. In order to evaluate our modelling approach, we conduct our analyses exploiting different distributional assumptions while we also respect the provider's interventions appropriately for keeping the estimation error low. Furthermore, a simulation study is conducted to show the performance of the model. For practical purposes, it is crucial to predict when and at which station there is a lack or an excess of bikes. For this application, our model shows to be well suited by providing quite accurate predictions.

关键词： approximate EMa*-algorithm Bike-sharing networks generalized additive mixed models network flow inference skellam distribution

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Approaches for the Use of AI in Workplace Health Promotion and Prevention: Systematic Scoping Review

JMIR AI

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JMIR AI 2024年 3卷 e53506页

作者： Lange, Martin Loewe, Alexandra Kayser, Ina Schaller, Andrea IST Univ Appl Sci Dept Fitness & Hlth Erkrather Str 220a-c D-40233 Dusseldorf Germany IST Univ Appl Sci Dept Commun & Business Dusseldorf Germany Univ Bundeswehr Munich Inst Sport Sci Dept Human Sci Munich Germany

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is an umbrella term for various algorithms and rapidly emerging technologies with huge potential for workplace health promotion and prevention (WHPP). WHPP interventions aim to improve people's health and well-being through behavioral and organizational measures or by minimizing the burden of workplace-related diseases and associated risk factors. WhileAI has been thefocus of research in other health-related fields, such as public health or biomedicine, the transition of AI into WHPP research has yet to be systematically investigated. Objective: The systematic scoping review aims to comprehensively assess an overview of the current use of AI in WHPP. The results will be then used to point to future research directions. The following research questions were derived: (1) What are the study characteristics of studies on AI algorithms and technologies in the context of WHPP? (2) What specific WHPP fields (prevention, behavioral, and organizational approaches) were addressed by the AI algorithms and technologies? (3) What kind of interventions lead to which outcomes? Methods: A systematic scoping literature review (PRISMA-ScR [Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews]) was conducted in the 3 academic databases PubMed, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and Association for Computing Machinery in July 2023, searching for papers published between January 2000 and December 2023. Studies needed to be (1) peer-reviewed, (2) written in English, and (3) focused on any AI-based algorithm or technology that (4) were conducted in the context of WHPP or (5) an associated field. Information on study design, AI algorithms and technologies, WHPP fields, and the patient or population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes framework were extracted blindly with Rayyan and summarized. Results: A total of 10 studies were included. Risk prevention and modeling were the most ident

关键词： artificial intelligence AI machine learning deep learning workplace health promotion prevention workplace health promotion and prevention technology technologies well-being behavioral health workplace-related public health biomedicine PRISMA-ScR Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews WHPP risk AIa*-algorithm control group accuracy health-related prototype systematic review scoping review reviews mobile phone

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A novel secure authentication protocol for eHealth records in cloud with a new key generation method and minimized key exchange

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JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY-COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCES 2023年第7期35卷 101629页

作者： Singh, B. Mohinder Natarajan, Jaisankar Vellore Inst Technol Sch Comp Sci & Engn Vellore 632014 Tamilnadu India

In wake of covid19, many countries are shifting their paper-based health record management from manual processes to digital ones. The major benefit of digital health record is that data can be easily shared. As health data is sensitive, more security is to be provided to gain the trust of stakeholders. In this paper, a novel secure authentication protocol is planned for digitalizing personal health record that will be used by the user. While transacting data, a key is used to secure it. Many protocols used elliptic curve cryptography. In this proposed protocol, at an initial stage, an asymmetric and quantum-resistant cryptoalgorithm, Kyber is used. In further stages, symmetric cryptoa*-algorithm, Advanced Encryption Standard in Galois/Counter mode (AES-GCM) is used to secure transferred data. For every session, a new key is generated for secure transactions. The more interesting fact in this protocol is that transactions are secured without exchanging actual key and also minimized the key exchange. This protocol not only verified the authenticity of user but also checked rightful citizenship of user. This protocol is analyzed for various security traits using ProVerif tool and provided better results relating to security provisioning, cost of storage, and computation as opposed to related protocols.(c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Authentication protocol eHealth records Post -quantum crypto algorithm Symmetric cryptoa*-algorithm Asymmetric cryptoa*-algorithm Minimized key exchange

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WEAKLY COMPLETE EVENT LOGS IN PROCESS MINING

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COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS 2021年第2期40卷 341-367页

作者： Lekic, Julijana Milicev, Dragan Univ Pristina Kosovska Mitrovica Fac Tech Sci Kneza Milosa 7 Kosovska Mitrovica 38220 Serbia Univ Belgrade Fac Elect Engn Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73 Belgrade 11000 Serbia

Many information systems have a possibility to record their execution, and, in this way, to generate a trace about events describing the real system behaviour. From behaviour example records in traces of the event log, the alpha*-algorithm automatically generates a process model that belongs to a subclass of Petri nets, known as workflow nets. One of the basic limiting assumptions of alpha*-algorithm is that the event log needs to be complete. As a result of attempting to overcome the problem of completeness of the event log, we introduced the notion of weakly complete event logs, from which our modified technique and algorithm can produce the same result as the alpha*-algorithm from complete logs on parallel processes. Thereby weakly complete logs can be significantly smaller than complete logs, considering the number of traces they consist of. Weakly complete logs were used for the realization of our idea of interactive parallel business process model generation.

关键词： Process mining business process model discovery block-structured parallel process models alpha*-algorithm alpha(parallel to)a*-algorithm complete log weakly complete event log

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Online model composition for networked discrete-event systems 8th

Online model composition for networked discrete-event system...

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8th IFAC Workshop on Distributed Estimation and Control in Networked Systems (NECSYS)

作者： Zgorzelski, Markus Jan Lunze Ruhr Univ Bochum Inst Automat & Comp Control Univ Str 150 D-150 Bochum Germany

Networked discrete-event systems consist of physically coupled subsystems that utilise a digital communication network for solving their current tasks. Each subsystem has to be steered from its current state into a situation-dependent target state. Due to the physical couplings among the subsystems, certain state transitions have to be executed synchronously with other subsystems to reach the local target states. To satisfy all local tasks, the subsystems have to find a deadlock-free order of the synchronous state transitions by applying global model information. However, in the networked discrete-event system there does not exist any coordinator and the global model information is distributed among the subsystems. Hence, the subsystems have to exchange model information and to compose it online to find the deadlock-free order of synchronous state transitions. This paper proposes an online model composition algorithm based on the A*a*-algorithm that determines the necessary local model information to be communicated and composed by the subsystems. The method is demonstrated by an example. Copyright (C) 2019. The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Networked discrete-event systems model composition A*a*-algorithm

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