SARS-CoV-2 can be spread by aerosols expelled by infected people when they cough, talk, sing, or exhale. Exposure to these aerosols while indoors can be reduced by portable air filtration units (air cleaners). Homemad...
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We report the dynamics and control of the orientational and positional order of ensembles of gold nanorods suspended in air at standard temperature and pressure using externally applied electric fields, demonstrating ...
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The Phébus test FPT-1 was carried out to investigate the fission product release, transportation, and distribution in the reactor coolant system and the simulated containment during a severe accident. The test wa...
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We present the characterization of the non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) in urban Shanghai during winter 2017 by applying an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM). The results showed that the NR-PM1 in wi...
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When the COVID-19 patients are accommodated and treated in isolation wards, the high concentration of bioaerosols generated by patients expose health care workers at a risk of infection. At present, partitions have be...
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Predicting the transport and deposition of e-cigarette aerosols in human respiratory systems is essential to understand how e-liquid compositions, especially different nicotine forms, can influence the absorption of n...
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Predicting the transport and deposition of e-cigarette aerosols in human respiratory systems is essential to understand how e-liquid compositions, especially different nicotine forms, can influence the absorption of nicotine in the human lung. Using a newly developed computational fluid-particle dynamics (CFPD) model based on the species transport and discrete phase (DPM) models, this study simulated and compared the transport dynamics of multi-component e-cigarette aerosols in a subject-specific human respiratory system. Specifically, the experimentally calibrated and validated CFPD model can predict the gas-liquid phase change dynamics of water, propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), and nicotine in the aerosols during their transport through the pulmonary route. Simulation results indicate that nicotine evaporation is highly affected by the protonation from acidic additives. Increasing the acid level in e-liquid can reduce the nicotine liquid evaporation rate, thereby delivering more nicotine vapor into small airways. Benzoic acid was shown to be more effective in terms of preventing nicotine evaporation compared to lactic acid. With the increase in PG/VG ratio in initial e-liquid composition, the nicotine evaporation rate is reduced, and the nicotine vapor absorbed in small airways beyond generation 10 (G10) can be potentially increased. Droplet size dynamics are influenced more by the larger mass components than nicotine (i.e., PG evaporation and water condensation from the air). However, the influence of initial e-liquid composition on droplet transport and deposition is insignificant compared to the influence on vapor phase transport and absorption. Increased follow-up inhalation flow rate after puffing increases liquid phase deposition and nicotine vapor absorption from mouth to G10 but does not affect the evaporation and condensation significantly. Smaller droplet sizes increase the nicotine evaporation rate and subsequent absorption by the airways
Understanding the interfacial properties of aerosol particles is important for science and medicine, crucial for air quality, human health, and environmental chemistry. Qian et al. presented vibrational sum frequency ...
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作者：
Leroy, OliviaBosland, Loic
PSN-RES/SEREX/L2EC PSN-RES/SAM/LETR Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance F-13115 France
Iodine oxide aerosol are formed during a nuclear severe accident in the containment due to oxidation of volatile iodine either molecular iodine or organic iodide. These oxides may exist under different...
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Predicting the transport and deposition of e-cigarette aerosols in human respiratory systems is essential to understand how e-liquid compositions, especially different nicotine forms, can influence the absorption of n...
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Predicting the transport and deposition of e-cigarette aerosols in human respiratory systems is essential to understand how e-liquid compositions, especially different nicotine forms, can influence the absorption of nicotine in the human lung. Using a newly developed computational fluid-particle dynamics (CFPD) model based on the species transport and discrete phase (DPM) models, this study simulated and compared the transport dynamics of multi-component e-cigarette aerosols in a subject-specific human respiratory system. Specifically, the experimentally calibrated and validated CFPD model can predict the gas-liquid phase change dynamics of water, propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), and nicotine in the aerosols during their transport through the pulmonary route. Simulation results indicate that nicotine evaporation is highly affected by the protonation from acidic additives. Increasing the acid level in e-liquid can reduce the nicotine liquid evaporation rate, thereby delivering more nicotine vapor into small airways. Benzoic acid was shown to be more effective in terms of preventing nicotine evaporation compared to lactic acid. With the increase in PG/VG ratio in initial e-liquid composition, the nicotine evaporation rate is reduced, and the nicotine vapor absorbed in small airways beyond generation 10 (G10) can be potentially increased. Droplet size dynamics are influenced more by the larger mass components than nicotine (i.e., PG evaporation and water condensation from the air). However, the influence of initial e-liquid composition on droplet transport and deposition is insignificant compared to the influence on vapor phase transport and absorption. Increased follow-up inhalation flow rate after puffing increases liquid phase deposition and nicotine vapor absorption from mouth to G10 but does not affect the evaporation and condensation significantly. Smaller droplet sizes increase the nicotine evaporation rate and subsequent absorption by the airways
Liquid atomization processes generating sprays and aerosols of droplets are used in many delivery and coating systems involving pure solvents, solutions, and suspensions. In our recent experimental work, we introduced...
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