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2nd International Conference on Security with Intelligent Computing and Big-data Services (SICBS)

作者： Li, Li He, Min Yu, Jier Lu, Jianfeng Zhou, Qili Feng, Xiaoqing Chang, Chin-Chen Hangzhou Dianzi Univ Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Finance & Econ Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China Feng Chia Univ Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783030169466;9783030169459

More and more people use mobile phones to buy goods through scanning the printed aesthetic qr code. qr code has become an important payment tool in today's business. However, there is an inevitable risk in payment processing. In particular, it is difficult to detect whether an aesthetic qr code has been tampered by the attacker. Therefore, it is extremely important to carry out security certification for aesthetic qr code. We propose an algorithm based on the combination of directional periodic texture pattern and aesthetic qr code. Firstly, the aesthetic qr code is generated based on the Positive Basis Vector Matrix (PBVM), whereas the watermark is encoded into 4-bit Gray code and quantized into angles. Then, a periodic texture pattern is generated using a random matrix, and a directed periodic texture pattern is obtained by rotating the texture pattern according to the quantization angle. Finally, the new texture pattern and the aesthetic qr code are fused to obtain an authentication aesthetic qr code. The experiments verified that the aesthetic qr code can be correctly decoded and the watermark can be properly extracted. By utilizing the locating position patterns of the qr code, the additional watermark reference block is not required, therefore, the capacity of the watermark is enhanced. Moreover, the proposed scheme realizes the anti-counterfeiting authentication of aesthetic qr code, and maintains a better visual quality.

关键词： aesthetic qr code Watermark Authentication

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aesthetic qr code generation with background contrast enhancement and user interaction 3

Aesthetic QR code generation with background contrast enhanc...

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3rd International Workshop on Pattern Recognition

作者： Lin, Lijian Zou, Xinyi He, Liping Liu, Sijiang Jiang, Bo Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Educ Sci & Technol Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781510622692

ISBN: (纸本)9781510622692

Quick Response code, abbreviated as qr code, is a two dimensional matrix which is extensively used both in the automotive industry and the general commercial applications currently. Compared with traditional barcodes, qr code is prevalent for its enormous information capacity and efficient error correction mechanism. Moreover, the standard qr codes possess a high decode rate at the expense of the aesthetic appearance. With an intension to resolve the contradiction, we propose a novel aesthetic qr code generation method. Differing from previous works, which mainly rely on the error correction mechanism, we first enhance the contrast of the background image so that more modules can be eliminated after initial threshold based module elimination, while maintaining the readability and demonstrate visual information to customers simultaneously. User interaction can be further adopted to delete modules as customer required using error correction mechanism.

关键词： aesthetic qr code contrast enhancement two dimensional barcode module replacement

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Efficient access control system based on aesthetic qr code

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PERSONAL AND UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING 2018年第1期22卷 81-91页

作者： Huang, Peng-Cheng Chang, Chin-Chen Li, Yung-Hui Liu, Yanjun Xiamen Univ Technol Dept Comp Sci & Technol Xiamen Peoples R China Feng Chia Univ Dept Informat Engn & Comp Sci Taichung Taiwan Natl Cent Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Taoyuan Taiwan

With the explosive growth of smart phones in recent years, qr code is becoming more and more popular. This work presents a new electronic access control system for smart building based on qr code. The system exploits the single-key-lock mechanism to generate keys for users and locks for qr code reader on the door. After being encrypted using a symmetric-key cryptography algorithm, the keys are used to generate a qr code as its message. Then the system exploits the XOR characteristics of a Reed-Solomon code and a fusion strategy to synthesize aesthetic qr code from user's photo and qr code. aesthetic qr code as a carrier of user's credential will be assigned to user. When user presents the aesthetic qr code to qr code reader, the qr code reader will decode and decrypt the key, then directly make the access decision by performing an operation between key and lock. Experimental results show that the proposed access control systemhas the attributes of low cost, flexibility, high security, and offline verification. Moreover, the generated aesthetic qr code is resistant to common image degradation attacks.

关键词： Access control system Single-key-lock Symmetric encryption aesthetic qr code

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An aesthetic qr code solution based on error correction mechanism

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2016年 116卷 85-94页

作者： Li, Li Qiu, Jinxia Lu, Jianfeng Chang, Chin-Chen Hangzhou Dianzi Univ Inst Graph & Image Hangzhou 310018 Zhejiang Peoples R China Feng Chia Univ Dept Informat Enginnering & Comp Sci Taichung 40724 Taiwan

qr code(Quick Response code) is a popular two-dimensional matrix that randomly consists of black and white square modules. While the appearance of qr codes are often visually unpleasant, it leads to the increasing demand for the aesthetic qr codes. However, it may turn out to be unreadable if changes to the modules of the qr code are inadequate. Therefore, to resolve this conflict, we propose a method to generate an aesthetic qr code, which is based on the RS(Reed Solomon) error correction mechanism in qr code encoding rules. First, according to the characteristics of the qr code, we mark the positions of codewords as codeword layout. Then, we detect salient regions of the background image to generate the saliency map. The next step is to combine it with the saliency map and codeword layout to calculate saliency values, then sort and select proper codewords as changeable regions. Finally, we propose the hierarchical module replacement rules. The theoretical maximum value of the changeable areas is the redundancy capacity T of RS error correction. Compared with the existing methods, our algorithm can maximize the changeable areas and highlight the important regions of background image. This algorithm has better aesthetic effects, while maintaining the rate of successful decoding. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： 2D barcode Saliency detection technology aesthetic qr code

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Arbitrary Style Transfer of Facial Image Based on Feed-forward Network and Its Application in aesthetic qr code

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JOURNAL OF INTERNET TECHNOLOGY 2020年第2期21卷 511-522页

作者： Zhang, Shanqing Su, Shengqi Li, Li Lu, Jianfeng Chang, Ching-Chun Hangzhou Dianzi Univ Sch Comp Sci & Technol Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China Univ Warwick Dept Comp Sci Coventry W Midlands England

qr code has become essential in daily-life because of the popularity of mobile devices. The visual effect of a conventional qr code is not ideal. Consequently, many good aesthetic algorithms have been proposed. However, both the decoding rate and visual effect of a qr code cannot be guaranteed simultaneously when facial image serves as the background. We propose an arbitrary style transfer of facial image based on feed-forward network as a preprocessing algorithm for an aesthetic qr code. The deep characteristics of content image and style image are unified in the same layer of convolutional neural networks in our style transfer network. Styles are changed. The result of style transfer is restricted with semantic segmentation result, color uniform regularization of facial image and repeating restriction similarity constraints. Experimental results show that both the decoding rate and visual effect of a qr code are guaranteed when our method is used in background preprocessing.

关键词： Arbitrary style transfer Feed-forward network Facial image aesthetic qr code

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Novel Schemes for Bike-Share Service Authentication Using aesthetic qr code and Color Visual Cryptography 3rd

Novel Schemes for Bike-Share Service Authentication Using Ae...

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3rd International Conference on Cloud Computing and Security (ICCCS)

作者： Li, Li Li, Lina Zhang, Shanqing Yang, Zaorang Lu, Jianfeng Chang, Chin-Chen Hangzhou Dianzi Univ Inst Graph & Image Hangzhou 310018 Zhejiang Peoples R China Feng Chia Univ Dept Informat Engn & Comp Sci Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783319685427;9783319685410

To enhance bike-share service authentication, we propose two novel schemes based on aesthetic qr code combining XOR-based visual cryptography scheme (XVCS). In Scheme I, aesthetic qr code based on error correction mechanism and XVCS are combined for authentication. In comparison, Scheme II exploits aesthetic qr code based on XOR mechanism of RS with Positive Basis Vector Matrix (PBVM) and XVCS. The larger region of secret information and the better visual appearance of aesthetic qr code are shown in experiments.

关键词： Authentication aesthetic qr code Visual cryptography scheme

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Arbitrary Style Transfer of Facial Image Based on Feed-Forward Network and Its Application in aesthetic qr code 2nd

Arbitrary Style Transfer of Facial Image Based on Feed-Forwa...

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2nd International Conference on Security with Intelligent Computing and Big-data Services (SICBS)

作者： Zhang, Shanqing Su, Shengqi Li, Li Lu, Jianfeng Chang, Ching-Chun Zhou, Qili Hangzhou Dianzi Univ Sch Comp Sci & Technol Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China Univ Warwick Dept Comp Sci Coventry CV4 7AL W Midlands England

ISBN: (纸本)9783030169466;9783030169459

关键词： Arbitrary style transfer Feed-forward network Facial image aesthetic qr code

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aesthetic qr code Authentication Based on Directed Periodic Texture Pattern

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电脑学刊 2019年第6期30卷 263-275页

作者： Li Li Min He Jier Yu Jianfeng Lu Qili Zhou Xiaoqing Feng Chin-Chen Chang

More and more people use mobile phones to buy goods through scanning the printed aesthetic qr code. qr code has become an important payment tool in to-day's business. However, there is an inevitable risk in payment processing. In particular, it is difficult to detect whether an aesthetic qr code has been tampered by the attacker. Therefore, it is extremely important to carry out security certification for aesthetic qr code. We propose an algorithm based on the combination of directional periodic texture pattern and aesthetic qr code. Firstly, the aesthetic qr code is generated based on the Positive Basis Vector Matrix (PBVM), whereas the watermark is encoded into 4-bit Gray code and quantized into angles. Then, a periodic texture pattern is generated using a random matrix, and a directed periodic texture pattern is obtained by rotating the texture pattern according to the quantization angle. Finally, the new texture pattern and the aesthetic qr code are fused to obtain an authentication aesthetic qr code. The experiments verified that the aesthetic qr code can be correctly decoded and the watermark can be properly extracted. By utilizing the locating position patterns of the qr code, the additional watermark reference block is not required, therefore, the capacity of the watermark is enhanced. Moreover, the proposed scheme realizes the anti-counterfeiting authentication of aesthetic qr code, and maintains a better visual quality.

关键词： aesthetic qr code authentication watermark

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A New aesthetic qr code Algorithm Based on Salient Region Detection and SPBVM

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JOURNAL OF INTERNET TECHNOLOGY 2019年第3期20卷 935-946页

作者： Li, Li Wang, Bing Lu, Jianfeng Zhang, Shanqing Chang, Chin-Chen Hangzhou Dianzi Univ Sch Comp Sci & Technol Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China Feng Chia Univ Dept Informat Engn & Comp Sci Taichung Taiwan

Many aesthetic qr code algorithms are proposed. In this paper, a new aesthetic qr code algorithm, based on salient region detection and Selectable Positive Basis Vector Matrix (SPBVM), is proposed. Firstly, the complexity of texture features are added to calculate the saliency values of the image, based on the existing salient region detection algorithms. According to the saliency map, the important area of the image is preserved for the subsequent beautification operation. Then, the appropriate basis vectors are selected by using the proposed SPBVM according to the acquired salient region, and the salient region is displayed completely by XOR operation which is performed by the original qr code and the selected basis vectors. Finally, the aesthetic qr code is obtained by combining the background image and original qr code. The results show that the proposed algorithm can produce more accurate salient area and have more pleasant visual effects.

关键词： aesthetic qr code RS code Salient region detection Selectable positive basis vector matrix XOR operation

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Quick Response code Beautification Based on Mask Pattern Optimization 24

Quick Response Code Beautification Based on Mask Pattern Opt...

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IEEE 24th International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP)

作者： Liu, Xiaoqian Zhang, Zhanhao Ou, Bo Hunan Univ Coll Comp Sci & Elect Engn Changsha Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781665471893

ISBN: (纸本)9781665471893

Quick response (qr) code is widely used for mobile payment to convey information. However, the traditional qr code has no semantic content and cannot be understood by human. To remedy this, the qr code beautification is designed to transform the black-white pattern into a semantic content, and make the code more appealing for commercial applications. In this paper, we propose an improved qr code beautification method based on mask pattern optimization. By selecting the optimal mask pattern, the proposed method can reduce the interference of the masking process on the qr code beautification and improve the visual quality of the qr code. The key issue lies in encoding the qr pattern into a given visual content as similar as possible while keeping the acceptable decoding accuracy. The experimental results show that the proposed method can generate a more appealing aesthetic qr code and preserve the high decoding rate for various devices.

关键词： qr code beautification aesthetic qr code visual quality mask pattern optimization

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