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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm Development"

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Entropy constrained learning vector quantization algorithms and their application in image compression 2

Entropy constrained learning vector quantization algorithms ...

引用

Conference on Applications of Artificial Neural Networks in Image Processing II

作者： Karayiannis, NB Univ. of Houston (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424412

This paper presents entropy constrained fuzzy clustering and learning vector quantization algorithms and their application in image compression, Entropy constrained fuzzy clustering (ECFC) algorithms were developed by minimizing an objective function incorporating the fuzzy partition entropy and the average distortion between the feature vectors, which represent the image data, and the prototypes, which represent the codevectors or codewords, The reformulation of fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithms provided the basis for the development of fuzzy learning vector quantization (FLVQ) algorithms and essentially established a link between clustering and learning vector quantization. Minimization of the reformulation function that corresponds to ECFC algorithms using gradient descent results in entropy constrained learning vector quantization (ECLVQ) algorithms, These algorithms allow the gradual transition from a maximally fuzzy partition to a nearly crisp partition of the feature vectors during the learning process. This paper presents two alternative implementations of the proposed algorithms, which differ in terms of the strategy employed for updating the prototypes during learning, The proposed algorithms are tested and evaluated on the design of codebooks used for image data compression.

关键词： Prototyping algorithm development Fuzzy logic Quantization Distortion Annealing Image compression Reconstruction algorithms Image quality Optimization (mathematics)

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Image enhancement and denoising by wavelet transform for concealed weapon detection

Image enhancement and denoising by wavelet transform for con...

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Conference on Investigative Image Processing

作者： Raghuveer, MR Rochester Institute of Technology (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819423440

Wavelet transform based techniques were developed and investigated for isolation and enhancement of objects in images. The primary motivation is the development of image processing algorithms as part of an automatic system for the detection of concealed weapons under a person's clothing;a problem of considerable potential utility to the military in certain common types of deployment in the post cold war environment such as small unit operations. The issue has potential for other dual use purposes such as law enforcement applications. Wavelet decompositions of the currently available images in the Rome Laboratory database, namely, noisy, low contrast, infrared images, were studied in space-scale-amplitude space. An isolation technique for separating potential suspicious regions/objects from surrounding clutter has been proposed. Based on the images available, the study indicates that the technique is promising in providing the image enhancement necessary for further pattern detection and classification.

关键词： Weapons Image enhancement Discrete wavelet transforms Sensors Wavelet transforms Infrared sensors algorithm development Digital image processing Infrared imaging Wavelets

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Sonar picture segmentation using Markovian multigrid or multiresolution algorithms 8

Sonar picture segmentation using Markovian multigrid or mult...

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Conference on Nonlinear Image Processing VIII

作者： Collet, C Thourel, P Perez, P Bouthemy, P IRISA INRIAF-35042 RENNESFRANCE

ISBN: (纸本)0819424374

We propose two new approaches which consider the specific sonar image segmentation problem in a statistical regularization framework, based on hierarchical Markov Random Field (MRF) modeling. Within this framework, data-driven parameters estimation is performed using a mixture distributions and the contextual parameters are estimated by using the ''qualitative box'' method. Then we developp two unsupervised segmentations algorithms. The first one, based on a multigrid approach, requires pyramidal structure of the label field, associated to a single observation level: the MRF energy function is re-written at each scale as a coarser MRF model (derived from the one defined at full resolution). The second algorithm we proposed is based on a multiresolution approach: an observation pyramid is obtained by image projection on biorthogonal wavelets. The Signal to Noise Ratio is thus increased and allows to give a good initialization for the regularization algorithm at each level. We also compare the robustness of these unsupervised multigrid and multiresolution approaches. Some convincing results are presented and validate these new approaches for synthetic and real sonar picture segmentation.

关键词： Image segmentation Image processing algorithms and systems Data modeling Magnetorheological finishing algorithm development Signal to noise ratio Acoustics Optimization (mathematics) Speckle Wavelets

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In situ photoluminescence mapping of industrial IR-sensitive film structures

In situ photoluminescence mapping of industrial IR-sensitive...

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Conference on Laser Applications in Microelectronic and Optoelectronic Manufacturing II

作者： Stafeev, S Kosyakov, M St. Petersburg Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics (Russia)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424021

The purpose of the work is to investigate a photoluminescence of GaAs-photocathodes at various stages of manufacturing depending on illumination method and spectral range of radiation, but also to obtain 2-dimensional spatial distributions of a photoluminescence intensity, to compare them with reference and to detect features of indicated distributions. Besides with the purpose of detection and extraction such typical defects as internal cracks, pile-up of dislocations and swirl-defects some algorithms of the obtained images processing were developed and tentatively tested.

关键词： Luminescence Optical filters algorithm development CCD cameras Gallium arsenide Image processing Lamps Detection and tracking algorithms Electronic filtering Visible radiation

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Fully adaptive radar detection of stationary targets in ground clutter

Fully adaptive radar detection of stationary targets in grou...

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Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor Fusion, and Target Recognition VI

作者： Holm, WA Lai, DC Georgia Tech Research Institute (United States)

A functional description of a fully adaptive, stationary target indication (STI) signal processing approach for the radar detection of stationary targets in ground clutter is given.

ISBN: (纸本)0819424838

A functional description of a fully adaptive, stationary target indication (STI) signal processing approach for the radar detection of stationary targets in ground clutter is given.

关键词： Radar Signal processing Target detection Detection and tracking algorithms Radar signal processing Feature extraction algorithm development Sensors Signal detection Synthetic aperture radar

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Parameter estimation techniques of statistical models and their application to SAR images

Parameter estimation techniques of statistical models and th...

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Conference on Advanced Signal Processing - algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations VII

作者： Lampropoulos, GA Hui, R Drosopoulos, A A.U.G. Signals Ltd. (Canada) Defence Research Establishment Ottawa (Canada)

ISBN: (纸本)0819425842

In this paper we present a method to obtain a maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of the Generalized Gamma and K probability density functions. Explicit closed form expressions are derived between the model parameters and the experimental data. Due to their nonlinear nature global optimization techniques are proposed for solving the derived expresings with respect to clutter model parameters. Experimental results show in all attempted cases that the resulting expressions are convex functions of the parameters. In addition to the maximum likelihood solution we present two other solutions. One is based on moment and the other on histogram matching. The Cramer-Rao Lower Bound is also derived and used for performance comparisons.

关键词： Statistical analysis Data modeling Optimization (mathematics) Neural networks algorithms Chromium Synthetic aperture radar Neurons Statistical modeling algorithm development

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Digital watermarks using stochastic screens 2

Digital watermarks using stochastic screens

引用

Conference on Color Imaging - Device-Independent Color, Color Hard Copy, and Graphic Arts II

作者： Knox, KT Wang, SG Xerox Corp. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424293

A method will be shown to incorporate digital watermarks in printed halftone images using stochastic screens. The watermark is not visible to the eye and introduces no loss in image quality. Although it cannot be seen, the watermark can be extracted at a later time with post processing. Watermarks of high contrast are incorporated in the image by varying the statistics of the stochastic screen. The watermark information can be made visible by comparing the relative changes in spatial correlation in the halftone texture of the image. Watermarking allows a printed image to be tested for the purposes of identifying the owner or the source of the image. Arbitrary customer information can be incorporated into the image, including variable information, such as the date or time of day. The technique is robust to copying of the printed image and the watermark can be detected in reproductions of the halftoned image.

关键词： Digital watermarking Stochastic processes Halftones Spatial frequencies Image quality Eye Printing algorithm development Distortion Image quality standards

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Performance analysis of an asynchronous track fusion and architecture

Performance analysis of an asynchronous track fusion and arc...

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Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor Fusion, and Target Recognition VI

作者： Alouani, AT Rice, TR Tennessee Technological Univ. (United States) Naval Surface Warfare Ctr. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424838

In practice, Multisensor systems use dissimilar sensors having different data rates. Such sensors may also have inherent delays as well as communication delays. Recently the authors developed a track fusion algorithm that attempted to account for realistic constraints of sensor fusion. The objective of this paper are two folds. First, it shows that the synchronous track fusion problem can be derived as a special case of the developed track fusion algorithm. Second, using simulated target tracks, the performance of the asynchronous track fusion (ASTF) algorithm is analyzed and compared to an existing fusion algorithm. Different sensor data rates and communication delays are used in the simulations.

关键词： Sensors algorithm development Detection and tracking algorithms Data communications Monte Carlo methods Computer simulations Data processing Information technology Lithium Sensor fusion

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101-frame algorithm for phase shifting interferometry

101-frame algorithm for phase shifting interferometry

引用

Conference on Optical Inspection and Micromeasurements II

作者： deGroot, P Zygo Corp. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819425184

Phase shifting interferometry (PSI) is one of the more common techniques for interpolation between interference fringes. A surface-profiling PSI instrument stores CCD image frames of fringe patterns for a series of reference phases; then applies a mathematical algorithm to recover phase information.1 Because the wavefront phase itself is a linear function of the surface profile, PSI provides a high-resolution measurement of the surface figure. In the early days, computational limits restricted the number of image frames to three or four, which does not leave much room for variation. As demands for precision have increased, so have the length and variety of phase-shifting algorithms. The state of the art has advanced to 5, 7 and even 15 frame varieties. At the same time, the level of sophistication in deriving these algorithms has risen dramatically.234 This paper explores the limits of these trends, while reviewing some of the mathematical techniques that we at Zygo use to analyze PSI performance. Finally, in an attemptto predict far into the future, I present a 101-frame algorithm that is highly resistant to error sources. This somewhat extreme example highlights the practical limits on algorithm length, which are actually more relaxed than one might think, provided that we loosen the definition of PSI.

关键词： Calibration Phase shifts algorithm development Error analysis Fourier transforms Phase interferometry Interference (communication) Spatial frequencies Wavefronts Charge-coupled devices

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Millimeter wave analysis of passive signatures (MAPS)

Millimeter wave analysis of passive signatures (MAPS)

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Conference on Passive Millimeter-Wave Imaging Technology

作者： Ewen, D Smith, R Sundstrom, B Belcher, B Trott, K Millitech Corp. (United States) Air Force Wright Lab. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)081942479X

The STAG program was hiitiated at Eglin Air Force Base in 1990 under the sponsorship of the Armament Directorate of Wright Laboratory. The purpose of the STAG program is to investigate and support passive millimeter wave activities associated with the development of mart tactical gutonomous guidance systems. development of the associated sensor technology focuses attention on a data collection/phenomenology effort to provide a firm foundation for sensor design and algorithm development. The center piece of the data collection/phenomenology effort is the mobile test bed referred to as MAPS, an acronym taken from Millimeter Wave Analysis of Passive Signatures. As shown in Figure 1, the MAPS will provide the data base of passive millimeter wave information concerning terrain, atmospheric and target signatures needed to support the critical development technologies associated with the STAG program. MAPS' low-bed trailer includes an equipment enclosure which is 8 ft. wide and 25 ft. long. Photographs ofMAPS are shown in Figures 2a through 2d.

关键词： Radiometry Antennas Switches Receivers Extremely high frequency Calibration Cameras Fourier transforms algorithm development Sensors

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