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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm Development"

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Image-understanding approach to reading business transaction documents

Image-understanding approach to reading business transaction...

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22nd AIPR Workshop: Interdisciplinary Computer Vision: Applications and Changing Needs

作者： Oddo, Louis A. McNamara, James F. Smith, Robert W. TRW Financial Systems Inc. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819413909

One high-payoff applications of image character recognition (ICR) technology is the automatic processing of business transaction documents. For remittance types of transactions, these documents consist of checks and invoices. While the general layout of a check is consistent with respect to types of data fields present, there is variability in the locations of the data fields printed on the document. Furthermore, checks are printed using multiple fonts, character sizes, and line spacing on a single document. In contrast, invoice contents and layouts vary widely from business to business. The high degree of layout variability of business documents poses significant problems with respect to data field location and extraction in preparation for ICR. This paper describes an image understanding approach for locating and extracting data fields from various business documents. This approach is shown to be tolerant to image rotation, multiple fonts, multiple character sizes, and line spacing. Actual checks and invoices are processed using the described algorithms. The resulting field isolation and extraction performance, together with the resulting ICR read rates, are statistically analyzed and presented.

关键词： Optical character recognition Image understanding Image processing Legal Image resolution Visualization algorithm development Image analysis Statistical analysis Scanners

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development OF A CLOUD LAYER DETECTION algorithm FOR THE CLOUDS FROM AVHRR (CLAVR) PHASE-II CODE

DEVELOPMENT OF A CLOUD LAYER DETECTION ALGORITHM FOR THE CLO...

引用

CONF ON PASSIVE INFRARED REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE

作者： DAVIS, PA STOWE, LL MCCLAIN, EP National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (United States) Consultant (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819411701

Global area coverage (GAC) pixel data from the polar-orbiter advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) and the cloud classifications for 2 X 2 pixel arrays, output from CLAVR Phase-I, constitute the input for the CLAVR Phase-II analysis. The total cloud amount product from Phase-I was based on the assignment of fractional amounts of 1.0 and 0.5 to every pixel labeled cloudy or mixed, respectively, but the latter assignment led to biased total cloud amounts near 50%. In Phase-II, radiometric cloud amounts are determined for the mixed pixels from 11 micrometer radiances within a mapped grid area. The Phase-II procedure was developed for the identification and stratification of overcast (OVCST) cloud types, according to the cloud classifications of Phase-I, in grid areas also containing subsets of mixed and clear pixels. All mixed pixels associated with an observed OVCST type are analyzed statistically to determine fractional amounts of each cloud type (layer) as well as the total cloud amount within the grid area. The bias of Phase-I estimates was eliminated.

关键词： Clouds Reflectivity Image analysis algorithm development Multilayers Detection and tracking algorithms Spatial coherence Infrared imaging Radiometry Statistical analysis

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development OF THE SOFTWARE GASO FOR ANALYSIS OF BEAM PROFILE ON THE LASER-BEAM PRINTER

DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOFTWARE GASO FOR ANALYSIS OF BEAM PROFIL...

引用

Conferences on High-Resolution Cameras and Recording Devices, and Laser Scanning and Recording Systems

作者： YAMADA, O NANBA, K MINOLTA CAMERA CO LTD DIV REPROGR PROD DEV 1TOYOKAWAAICHIJAPAN

ISBN: (纸本)0819412368

In the optical design of laser beam printers, it is very important to know the spread function of the beam across the photoconductors. With the usual method, however, we cannot determine the spread function directly, but rather we have to infer it from the optical aberration in the system and the shape of the beam assuming no aberrations. The fundamental method to simulate the point spread function has already been described. In it, the pupil function is defined assuming irregular illumination deviation of the wave front. Fraunhofer diffraction is then applied. A thorough investigation of the method has not yet been performed, however. We developed an algorithm based on the above method and created a program which determines the laser distribution over the photoconductors taking into consideration the influence of both optical aberrations and truncation by the optical pupil. Experimental values agree well with the calculated values, confirming the efficiency of the program. With this method and software, evaluation of the influence of the pupil and aberrations in the optical system on an elliptical Gaussian beam have become possible.

关键词： Software development Printing algorithm development Far-field diffraction Optical aberrations Point spread functions Ray tracing Beam analyzers Gaussian beams Wavefronts

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development OF AUTONOMOUS TECHNIQUES FOR FIGURE CONTROL OF A DEFORMABLE MIRROR

DEVELOPMENT OF AUTONOMOUS TECHNIQUES FOR FIGURE CONTROL OF A...

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Conference on Optical Alignment

作者： BAILEY, AW BUITENHUYS, WJ CIELINSKI, AJ SMITH, MA W J SCHAFER ASSOCIATES INC CHELMSFORDMA 01824

ISBN: (纸本)0819412457

Techniques for autonomous alignment of beam control systems have been developed for a number of technologies including laser resonators, telescopes, diagnostic systems and components. These techniques have been designed to perform remote autonomous alignment on space based optical systems. An approach building upon these techniques has been developed for autonomous figure control of multi-actuator deformable mirrors. The algorithm used is a multidimensional minimization algorithm based upon the downhill simplex method of Nelder and Mead. This method is well-known for its extreme robustness and its broad applicability to a large variety of problems. In this paper results from numerical studies are presented that demonstrate the ability of this method in performing figure control of a deformable mirror. It is shown that the number of iterations required for the algorithm to converge to a practical solution grows linearly with the number of degrees of freedom. Near optimal numeric solutions are attainable, however, the required number of iterations increases non-linearly.

关键词： Actuators Deformable mirrors Wavefronts algorithm development Optical alignment Control systems Tolerancing Computer simulations Mirrors Space telescopes

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CONSTANT-TIME CONVEX POLYGON algorithmS ON RECONFIGURABLE MESHES

CONSTANT-TIME CONVEX POLYGON ALGORITHMS ON RECONFIGURABLE ME...

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CONF ON VISION GEOMETRY

作者： OLARIU, S SCHWING, JL ZHANG, J Old Dominion Univ. (United States) Elizabeth City State Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819410330

In an attempt to overcome the inefficiency of handling data transfer operations over long distances, mesh-connected computers have recently been augmented by the addition of various types of bus systems. One of the most efficient such augmented computer systems is referred to as the reconfigurable mesh, that is, a mesh-connected computer overlaid with a reconfigurable bus system. In this paper we propose constant-time algorithms on reconfigurable meshes for a number of important computational geometry tasks relevant to computer vision. These include testing an arbitrary polygon for convexity, computing the union and intersection of two convex polygons, testing whether two convex polygons are separable and, if so, constructing a separating line, solving the polygon containment problem for convex polygons, and others. Our solutions rely on a recently developed VLSI-optimal sorting algorithm for reconfigurable meshes and on a number of novel data movement techniques. The proposed algorithms translate immediately into constant-time algorithms that work on binary images.

关键词： Computing systems Image processing Vision geometry Machine vision Very large scale integration Computer vision technology algorithm development Binary data Lithium Computer architecture

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CLOUD DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION FOR EARTH RADIATION BUDGET EXPERIMENTS

CLOUD DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION FOR EARTH RADIATION BUDGE...

引用

CONF ON PASSIVE INFRARED REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE

作者： STUBENRAUCH, C SEZE, G SCOTT, NA CHEDIN, A DESBOIS, M KANDEL, RS LMD/CNRS (France)

ISBN: (纸本)0819411701

In order to get a better understanding of the influence of clouds on the Earth's energy budget, one needs a cloud classification taking into account cloud height, thickness, and cloud cover. The radiometer ScaRaB (scanner for radiation balance), launched in 1993, has in addition to the two broad-band channels (0.2 - 4 micrometers and 0.2 - 50 micrometers ) necessary for earth radiation budget (ERB) measurements, two narrow-band channels (0.5 - 0.7 micrometers and 10.5 - 12.5 micrometers ) in order to improve cloud detection. Most automatic cloud classifications have been developed with measurements of very good spatial resolution (200 m to 5 km). Earth radiation budget experiments, on the other hand, work at a spatial resolution of about 40 km (at nadir), and therefore we investigated a cloud classification algorithm adapted on this scale. The algorithm is based on the dynamic clustering method and uses co-located AVHRR-ERBE data, simulating the ScaRaB measurements. This cloud field classification is compared on one hand to results obtained by a well tested threshold algorithm using AVHRR (advanced very high resolution radiometer) measurements at reduced spatial resolution of 4 km and on the other hand to cloud parameters extracted from HIRS (high resolution infrared sounder)/MSU (microwave sounding unit) data. We find that classification of cloud fields is still possible at a resolution of 40 km, and by combining AVHRR, ERBE, and HIRS/MSU measurements one can undertake interesting studies on the influence of different cloud fields on the Earth radiation budget.

关键词： Clouds Spatial resolution Opacity algorithm development Radiometry Temperature metrology Absorption Earth's atmosphere Image resolution Satellites

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IMAGE RECOVERY AND SEGMENTATION USING COMPETITIVE LEARNING IN A LAYERED NETWORK 2

IMAGE RECOVERY AND SEGMENTATION USING COMPETITIVE LEARNING I...

引用

CONF ON NEURAL AND STOCHASTIC METHODS IN IMAGE AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2

作者： PHOHA, VV OLDHAM, WJB Univ. of Central Texas (United States) Texas Tech Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819412813

In this study, the principle of competitive learning is used to develop an iterative algorithm for image recovery and segmentation. Within the framework of Markov Random Fields, the image recovery problem is transformed to the problem of minimization of an energy function. A local update rule for each pixel point is then developed in a stepwise fashion and is shown to be a gradient descent rule for an associated global energy function. Relationship of the update rule to Kohonen's update rule is shown. Quantitative measures of edge preservation and edge enhancement for synthetic images are introduced. Simulation experiments using this algorithm on real and synthetic images show promising results on smoothing within regions and also on enhancing the boundaries. Restoration results computer favorably with recently published results using Markov Random Fields and mean field approximation.

关键词： Image restoration algorithm development Image segmentation Image processing algorithms and systems Magnetorheological finishing Image enhancement Image quality Computer science Reconstruction algorithms Ions

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POLYGONAL-APPROXIMATION FOR THE ACQUIRED CONTOUR BY USING SPLINE

POLYGONAL-APPROXIMATION FOR THE ACQUIRED CONTOUR BY USING SP...

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CONF ON VISION GEOMETRY

作者： LEE, K Arizona State Univ. (United States)

In this paper, data reduction for the acquired contour is discussed. Lyche's knot-removal algorithm is introduced. For the given sets of points on the contour, we reduce the number of data points without distortin... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819410330

关键词： Tolerancing algorithm development Data acquisition OSLO Binary data Vision geometry Data processing Computer science Condition numbers Mining

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NONPARAMETRIC MULTISCALE CURVE SMOOTHING

NONPARAMETRIC MULTISCALE CURVE SMOOTHING

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CONF ON APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 1993 : MACHINE VISION AND ROBOTICS ( PREPRINTS )

作者： ROSIN, P Curtin Univ. of Technology (Australia)

ISBN: (纸本)0819412007

Lowe demonstrated a method for automatically segmenting and smoothing image curves by varying degrees. It was intended to remove noise and unnecessary fine detail, aiding subsequent processing such as grouping and matching. An alternative technique is described in this paper that is based on recursively subdividing the curve into alternative sets of sections. Rather than use thresholds on the values of curvature and its derivatives to determine the segmentation and degree of smoothing our technique is driven by three qualitative measures: (1) a criterion for selecting potential breakpoints, (2) a criterion for determining the amount of smoothing for curve sections, and (3) a significance measure that determines which sections form the best selection. The advantages of the technique are robustness, scale invariance, and the absence of parameters.

关键词： Evolutionary algorithms Image segmentation Artificial intelligence Image processing Image processing algorithms and systems algorithm development Quantization Error analysis Feature extraction Fourier transforms

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EFFICIENT EIGENVALUE COMPUTATION ON THE MASPAR 4

EFFICIENT EIGENVALUE COMPUTATION ON THE MASPAR

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4TH CONF ON ADVANCED SIGNAL PROCESSING algorithmS, ARCHITECTURES, AND IMPLEMENTATIONS

作者： HUO, Y SCHREIBER, R Princeton Univ. (United States) NASA Ames Research Ctr. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819412767

Many applications of the eigenvalue decomposition of dense matrices are well known. This work was prompted by research in the numerical simulation of disordered electronic systems, in which one of the most common approaches is to diagonalize random Hamiltonian matrices in order to study the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of a single electron in the presence of a random potential. In this paper, we describe an effort to implement a matrix diagonalization routine for real symmetric dense matrices on massively parallel SIMD computers, the Maspar MP-1 and MP-2 systems. Results of numerical tests and timings are also presented.

关键词： Matrices algorithm development Computer programming Computing systems Evolutionary algorithms Numerical simulations Electrical engineering Linear algebra Parallel computing Computer science

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