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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm Development"

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TOPOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF LEAST-SQUARES ERROR SURFACES FOR ADAPTIVE IIR FILTERS

TOPOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF LEAST-SQUARES ERROR SURFACES FOR A...

引用

CONF ON ADVANCED SIGNAL PROCESSING algorithmS, ARCHITECTURES, AND IMPLEMENTATIONS 3

作者： STONICK, VL Carnegie Mellon Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)081940943X

In this paper, a new framework for understanding the performance of adaptive IIR filters is proposed and shown to enhance the understanding of filter stability during adaptation in time- varying data environments. This new understanding arises from considering the error surface as defined by the data, rather than the statistics of the data, in a manner analogous to that used to develop recursive least squares (RLS) FIR adaptive filters. The stability of the filter is shown to be dependent on the problem formulation. Defining the time-varying error surface using frequency domain, rather than time domain, methods is shown to result in substantially better stability structure in the performance surface.

关键词： Digital filtering Optical filters Error analysis Finite impulse response filters Infinite impulse response filters Data modeling Electronic filtering Linear filtering Stochastic processes algorithm development

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Phase Correlation based adaptive mode decision for the H.264/AVC

Phase Correlation based adaptive mode decision for the H.264...

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Conference on Real-Time Image and Video Processing 2011

作者： Abdelazim, Abdelrahman Mein, Stephen James Varley, Martin Roy Grecos, Christo Ait-Boudaoud, Djamel Univ Cent Lancashire Preston PR1 2HE Lancs England Univ West Scoatland Paisley Renfrew Scotland Univ Portsmouth Portsmouth Hants England

ISBN: (纸本)9780819484086

The H.264 video coding standard achieves high performance compression and image quality at the expense of increased encoding complexity, due to the very refined Motion Estimation (ME) and mode decision processes. This paper focuses on decreasing the complexity of the mode selection process by effectively applying a novel fast mode decision algorithm. Firstly the phase correlation is analysed between a macroblock and its prediction obtained from the previously encoded adjacent block. Relationships are established between the correlation value and object size and also best fit motion vector. From this a novel fast mode decision and motion estimation technique has been developed utilising preprocessing frequency domain ME in order to accurately predict the best mode and the search range. We measure the correlation between a macroblock and the corresponding prediction. Based on the result we select the best mode, or limit the mode selection process to a subset of modes. Moreover the correlation result is also used to select an appropriate search range for the ME stage. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm significantly reduces the motion estimation time whilst maintaining similar Rate Distortion performance, when compared to both the H.264/AVC Joint Model (JM) reference software and recently reported work.

关键词： Motion estimation Computer programming Video Distortion Image processing Image quality standards Video coding algorithm development Image compression Image quality

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AUTOMATIC GRAY SCALE TRANSFORMATION IN THE KONICA DIRECT DIGITIZER SYSTEM

AUTOMATIC GRAY SCALE TRANSFORMATION IN THE KONICA DIRECT DIG...

引用

CONF ON MEDICAL IMAGING 6 : IMAGE PROCESSING

作者： NAGATSUKA, S KANO, A TSUCHINO, H HANDA, H Konica Corp. (Japan)

ISBN: (纸本)0819408042

In x-ray radiographs for use in the medical field, it is desired that the density in the region of interest (ROI, area containing important image consistent for diagnosis) on the x-ray radiograph image is stable and its gradation is adjusted so that the structure of human body and the shade and shadow of the lesion can be observed easily. In developing the Konica Direct Digitizer, which is a digital radiographic image input apparatus to be used exclusively for chest and abdomen images, we have developed a new automatic gray scale transformation algorithm capable of providing most suitable images for diagnosis. The remarkable characteristic of the automatic gray scale transformation algorithm developed this time is to identify automatically the position of ROI in the image and to determine the gray scale transformation conditions based on the image data in the ROI. We investigated 50 clinical images radiographed by Konica Direct Digitizer from the viewpoint of the accuracy of the position of ROI established by the automatic gray scale transformation and of the image finish conditions accomplished by the automatic gray scale transformation. As a result, we have learned that both of them were stable and sufficiently accurate. From now on, we further improve its accuracy by increasing clinical images and applying this system to various regions.

关键词： Image processing Medical imaging algorithm development X-rays Digital imaging X-ray detectors X-ray imaging Chest Radiography Lung

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OVERVIEW OF CREOL PROGRAMS IN LASER-RADAR

OVERVIEW OF CREOL PROGRAMS IN LASER-RADAR

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CONF ON APPLIED LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY, AT THE 1993 INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON OPTICAL ENGINEERING AND PHOTONICS IN AEROSPACE AND REMOTE SENSING

作者： STICKLEY, CM CREOL/Univ. of Central Florida (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819411728

This paper summarizes progress toward developing coherent ladar technology using arrays of subapertures for coping with target-induced speckle which can reduce the carrier-to-noise ratio for ladar systems. We have selected an optimum receiver design, developed algorithms for determining how to co-phase the IF signals from the different sub-apertures/receivers, and have begun to test these on a two-aperture, coherent 1064 nm ladar. Computer simulations of the ladar are being developed including partially developed speckle effects from the target. Target speckle has been measured from different materials and at two different wavelengths for bench-marking the computer simulations. We have measured and are developing the theory for the time-dependent optical phase shifts observed from a rough, rotating target. The signal enhancement has been calculated that might be expected for a rough target illuminated by a coherent, 1064 nm laser. Finally, we have designed and are beginning to implement an experiment to show that imaging through a turbulent medium can be achieved.

关键词： LIDAR Speckle Receivers Computer simulations Laser applications Aluminum Scattering algorithm development Laser scattering Light scattering

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Automatic partitioning of head CTA for enabling segmentation

Automatic partitioning of head CTA for enabling segmentation

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Medical Imaging 2004 Conference

作者： Suryanarayanan, S Mullick, R Mallya, Y Kamath, V Nagaraj, N GE Co Global Res Imaging Technol Lab Bangalore Karnataka India

ISBN: (纸本)0819452831

Radiologists perform a CT Angiography procedure to examine vascular structures and associated pathologies such as aneurysms. Volume rendering is used to exploit volumetric capabilities of CT that provides complete interactive 3-D visualization. However, bone forms an occluding structure and must be segmented out. The anatomical complexity of the head creates a major challenge in the segmentation of bone and vessel. An analysis of the head volume reveals varying spatial relationships between vessel and bone that can be separated into three sub-volumes: "proximal", "middle", and "distal". The "proximal" and "distal" sub-volumes contain good spatial separation between bone and vessel (carotid referenced here). Bone and vessel appear contiguous in the "middle" partition that remains the most challenging region for segmentation. The partition algorithm is used to automatically identify these partition locations so that different segmentation methods can be developed for each sub-volume. The partition locations are computed using bone, image entropy. and sinus profiles along with a rule-based method. The algorithm is validated on 21 cases (varying volume sizes, resolution, clinical sites, pathologies) using ground truth identified visually. The algorithm is also computationally efficient, processing a 500+ slice volume in 6 seconds (an impressive 0.01 seconds/slice) that makes it an attractive algorithm for pre-processing large volumes. The partition algorithm is integrated into the segmentation workflow. Fast and simple algorithms are implemented for processing the "proximal" and "distal" partitions. Complex methods are restricted to only the "middle" partition. The partition-enabled segmentation has been successfully tested and results are shown from multiple cases.

关键词： Bone Head Image segmentation algorithm development Skull Visualization Image processing algorithms and systems 3D image processing Arteries Neck

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Fast audio watermarking: Concepts and realizations

Fast audio watermarking: Concepts and realizations

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6th Conference on Watermarking of Multimedia Contents

作者： Arnold, M Huang, ZW Fraunhofer-Institut fur Graphische Datenverarbeitung (Germany)

ISBN: (纸本)0819452092

In this paper we present concepts and corresponding implemenations to maximize the speed of audio watermarking encoders in order to be applicable in different scenarios. To motivate the development and implementation of fast audio watermarking encoders, application scenarios requiring high embedding speed are presented. Different concepts with assumptions concerning the underlying watermarking algorithms are discussed. The paper presents the necessary audio stream preparation and the corresponding implementation realizing the fast audio watermarking methods. The quality of the watermarked audio tracks and the robustness of the embedded watermarks will be verified by experimental tests. Enhancements of the fundamental principle concerning the distribution of audio tracks are discussed.

关键词： Digital watermarking Computer programming Compact discs Signal processing algorithm development Electronic filtering Optical filters Detection and tracking algorithms Interference (communication) Real-time computing

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Binary matrices, decomposition and multiply-add architectures

Binary matrices, decomposition and multiply-add architecture...

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Conference on Image Processing - algorithms and Systems II

作者： Sarukhanyan, H Agaian, S Astola, J Egiazarian, K NAS Armenia Inst Informat & Automat Problems Yerevan Armenia

ISBN: (纸本)0819448141

Binary matrices or (+/-1)-matrices have found numerous applications in coding, signal processing, and communications. In this paper, a general and efficient algorithm of decomposition of binary matrices is developed. As a special case, Hadamard matrices are considered. The proposed scheme requires no zero padding of the input data. The problem of the construction of 4n-point Hadamard transform is related to the Hadamard problem: the question of existence of Hadamard matrices. (It is not proved whether for every integer n, there exists an orthogonal 4n x 4n matrix with elements +/-1). The number of real operation in developed algorithms is reduced from O(N-2) to O(Nlog(2)N). Comparisons revealing the efficiency of the proposed algorithms with respect to the known ones are given. In particular, it is demonstrated that, in typical applications, the proposed algorithm is more efficient than the conventional Walsh Hadamard transform. Note that for Hadamard matrices of orders greater than or equal to 96 the general algorithm is more efficient than the classical Walsh-Hadamard transform whose order is a power of two. The algorithm has a simple and symmetric structure. The results of numerical examples are presented.

关键词： Matrices algorithm development Binary data Ytterbium Signal processing algorithms Radon Detection and tracking algorithms Image processing Reconstruction algorithms

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LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE DETECTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR CALCIFIED DEPOSITS VIA TETRACARBOXYLATE ION DYE PROBING 3

LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE DETECTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR CALCI...

引用

3RD CONF ON DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS

作者： PAPAZOGLOU, TG KATERINOPOULOS, HE FOTAKIS, C IATRIDOU, H FOUKARAKI, E Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (Greece) Univ. of Crete (Greece)

ISBN: (纸本)0819411051

In this paper we evaluate whether argon-ion laser induced fluorescence could help to discriminate atheromatous from normal tissue stained with tetracarboxylate ion dyes. Eighteen cadaveric abdominal aortic samples (9 normal, 9 atherosclerotic) from 4 autopsies were obtained in an unfixed state within 12 hours of death. They were incubated in the dye solution for two hours and then they were rinsed in saline for another two hours to ensure that only dye bound to the tissue was present during the experiment. An argon ion laser (476.5 nm) was used for excitation. Fluorescence was collected by a 600 micrometers core diameter step-index UV-visible fiber. The fiber was butt-connected to the 20 micrometers slit of a 0.25 m spectrograph. Data acquisition and analysis were performed via an optical multichannel analyzer. A characteristic increase of the fluorescence signal at the 520 to 560 nm spectral region for atheromatous tissue was observed after treatment of the samples with the dye. This allowed the development of a simple discriminatory index (spectrum integral from 520 to 560 nm vs. spectrum integral from 580 to 620 nm).

关键词： Luminescence Ions Tissues Laser induced fluorescence Argon ion lasers Fluorescence spectroscopy Laser tissue interaction Spectrographs algorithm development Laser applications

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Simulation of earthquake-induced structural vibrations in systems with SMA damping elements

Simulation of earthquake-induced structural vibrations in sy...

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Smart Structures and Materials 2002 Conference

作者： Seelecke, S Heintze, O Masuda, A N Carolina State Univ Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Raleigh NC 27695 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819444456

The paper studies the influence of a shape memory alloy (SMA) element on the dynamic response of a single-degree-of-freedom-system, representing a structural building under earthquake excitation. Variations of the SMA geometry are studied by numerical simulation, and a value for the SMA radius is determined, which provides optimal system performance. In particular do we focus on the role of hysteresis-induced passive damping, which can potentially be exploited for the development of SMA-based semi-active control schemes.

关键词： Shape memory alloys Earthquakes Chemical elements Control systems Motion models Numerical simulations Smart materials Aerospace engineering algorithm development Systems engineering

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PIPELINED IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGH-SPEED STAR-RLS ADAPTIVE FILTERS 4

PIPELINED IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGH-SPEED STAR-RLS ADAPTIVE FIL...

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4TH CONF ON ADVANCED SIGNAL PROCESSING algorithmS, ARCHITECTURES, AND IMPLEMENTATIONS

作者： RAGHUNATH, KJ PARHI, KK Univ. of Minnesota/Twin Cities (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819412767

The popular QR decomposition based recursive least-squares (RLS) adaptive filtering algorithm (referred to as QRD-RLS) has a limited speed of operation depending on the processing time of each individual cell. A new scaled tangent rotation based STAR-RLS algorithm has been designed which is suitable for fine-grain pipelining and also has a lower complexity. The inter-cell communication is also reduced by about half. A direct application of look-ahead to STAR-RLS can still lead to some increase in hardware. In this paper look- ahead is applied using delayed update operations such that the complexity is reduced while maintaining a fast convergence. The pipelined STAR-RLS (or PSTAR-RLS) algorithm requires the same number of operations (multiplications or divisions) as the serial STAR-RLS algorithm. Practical issues related to the STAR-RLS algorithm such as numerical stability and dynamic range are also examined.

关键词： Digital filtering algorithm development Error analysis Stars Tantalum Very large scale integration Data modeling Image processing Numerical stability Thulium

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