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Conference on Real-Time Photonic Measurements, Data Management, and Processing II

作者： Liu, Yuanjie Yu, Yude Chinese Acad Sci Inst Semicond Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510604711;9781510604728

In spectroscopy data analysis, such as Raman spectra, X-ray diffraction, fluorescence and etc., baseline drift is a ubiquitous issue. In high speed testing which generating huge data, automatic baseline correction method is very important for efficient data processing. We will survey the algorithms from classical Shirley background to state-of-the-art methods to present a summation for this specific field. Both advantages and defects of each algorithm are scrutinized. To compare the algorithms with each other, experiments are also carried out under SVM gap gain criteria to show the performance quantitatively. Finally, a rank table of these methods is built and the suggestions for practical choice of adequate algorithms is provided in this paper.

关键词： Raman spectroscopy Spectroscopy Wavelets Intelligence systems Iterative methods Principal component analysis algorithm development Data corrections Data processing Data analysis

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Smart Sensing Surveillance Video System

Smart Sensing Surveillance Video System

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Conference on Sensing and Analysis Technologies for Biomedical and Cognitive Applications

作者： Hsu, Charles Szu, Harold Trident Syst Inc Fairfax VA 22030 USA Catholic Univ Amer Washington DC 20064 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510601123

An intelligent video surveillance system is able to detect and identify abnormal and alarming situations by analyzing object movement. The Smart Sensing Surveillance Video ((SV)-V-3) System is proposed to minimize video processing and transmission, thus allowing a fixed number of cameras to be connected on the system, and making it suitable for its applications in remote battlefield, tactical, and civilian applications including border surveillance, special force operations, airfield protection, perimeter and building protection, and etc. The (SV)-V-3 System would be more effective if equipped with visual understanding capabilities to detect, analyze, and recognize objects, track motions, and predict intentions. In addition, alarm detection is performed on the basis of parameters of the moving objects and their trajectories, and is performed using semantic reasoning and ontologies. The (SV)-V-3 System capabilities and technologies have great potential for both military and civilian applications, enabling highly effective security support tools for improving surveillance activities in densely crowded environments. It would be directly applicable to solutions for emergency response personnel, law enforcement, and other homeland security missions, as well as in applications requiring the interoperation of sensor networks with handheld or body-worn interface devices.

关键词： Sensors Image processing Sensor networks Surveillance Video Sensing systems algorithm development Feature extraction Image sensors Smart sensors

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Analytical SAR-GMTI Principles 23

Analytical SAR-GMTI Principles

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Conference on algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery XXIII

作者： Soumekh, Mehrdad Majumder, Uttam K. Barnes, Christopher Sobota, David Minardi, Michael Soumekh Consulting New York NY USA Air Force Res Lab Rome NY USA Air Force Res Lab Dayton OH USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510600843

This paper provides analytical principles to relate the signature of a moving target to parameters in a SAR system. Our objective is to establish analytical tools that could predict the shift and smearing of a moving target in a subaperture SAR image. Hence, a user could identify the system parameters such as the coherent processing interval for a subaperture that is suitable to localize the signature of a moving target for detection, tracking and geolocating the moving target. The paper begins by outlining two well-known SAR data collection methods to detect moving targets. One uses a scanning beam in the azimuth domain with a relatively high PRF to separate the moving targets and the stationary background (clutter);this is also known as Doppler Beam Sharpening. The other scheme uses two receivers along the track to null the clutter and, thus, provide GMTI. We also present results on implementing our SAR-GMTI analytical principles for the anticipated shift and smearing of a moving target in a simulated code. The code would provide a tool for the user to change the SAR system and moving target parameters, and predict the properties of a moving target signature in a subaperture SAR image for a scene that is composed of both stationary and moving targets. Hence, the SAR simulation and imaging code could be used to demonstrate the validity and accuracy of the above analytical principles to predict the properties of a moving target signature in a subaperture SAR image.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar Target detection Doppler effect Radar Receivers algorithm development Detection and tracking algorithms Radon Signal processing Image compression

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Density controlled nanophotonic waveguide gratings for efficient on-chip out-coupling in the near field (Conference Presentation) 5

Density controlled nanophotonic waveguide gratings for effic...

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Conference on Silicon Photonics and Photonic Integrated Circuits V

作者： Vercruysse, Dries Mukund, Vignesh Jansen, Roelof A. Stahl, Richard Van Dorpe, Pol Lagae, Liesbet Rottenberg, Xavier IMEC Leuven Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781510601369

Waveguide optics takes up a prominent role in the progressing miniaturization of optical devices. Chip integrated photonic waveguides especially allow for complex routing schemes of light across a chip. In/out-coupling diffraction gratings form an essential tool in waveguide systems, as they facilitate the interaction between the waveguide system and the near or far-field.[1,2] Ideally, these gratings would couple out all light in the waveguide into a beam with a predefined polarization and, phase and intensity profile. As such they should be able to produce any functional beam that is typically prepared by free space optics. Yet, in practice there is typically a design trade-off between beam quality and out-coupling efficiency.[2] Light in the waveguide has to travel laterally through the grating to be coupled out. The light therefore decays exponentially over the grating, causing much more light to be coupled out at the start of the grating than at the end. This asymmetry results in a warped out-coupling intensity that heavily influences the light beam’s intensity profile. Especially when the grating is addressing points in the near field, as is the case for focusing waveguide grating couplers, this effect can be highly disruptive.

In this work we present a grating constructed from a field of sub-wavelength scatterers, rather than full grating lines. By tuning the position and the density of the scatterers, the phase and the intensity of the out-coupled light can be set precisely over large grating areas. An iterative design algorithm is developed that carefully tunes the density so as to control the light intensity in the waveguide and the amount of out-coupled light. Using FDTD simulations we show that these gratings can efficiently couple out light into a nearly diffraction limited spot with an even angular intensity. We verify this experimentally by fabricating these gratings in the SiN/SiO2 system using e-beam lithography. In addition, we also show t

关键词： Waveguides Diffraction gratings Near field Nanophotonics algorithm development Holography Near field optics Integrated photonics Optical components Polarization

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An algorithm for Retrieval of Precipitation using Microwave Humidity Sounder Channels around 183 GHz 6

An Algorithm for Retrieval of Precipitation using Microwave ...

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Conference on Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, Clouds, and Precipitation VI

作者： Varma, A. K. Piyush, D. N. ISRO Ctr Space Applicat Atmospher & Ocean Sci Grp Geophys Parameter Retrieval DivEPSA Ahmadabad 380015 Gujarat India Indian Inst Sci Divecha Ctr Climate Change Bangaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9781510601178

An algorithm is developed to identify precipitation affected pixels and quantitatively measure the precipitation using Megha-Tropiques humidity sounder (SAPHIR) channels around water vapor absorption line at 183 GHz. Based on observed brightness temperatures at all the six channels of the SAPHIR, a probabilistic rain identification algorithm is proposed. The rain thus identified is subjected to intensive testing using SAPHIR and PR collocated dataset, that showed that false alarm and missing rain is below 0.9 mm/h. Further a radiative transfer simulations supported rain retrieval algorithm is developed that explained a correlation of 0.7 and rmse of 0.81 mm/h. When both precipitation detection and retrieval algorithms are applied the correlation marginally deteriorates but rmse reduces to 0.55 mm/h. Further comparisons are made of monthly, daily and instantaneous rain over different geographical regions from SAPHIR with corresponding rain values from GSMap, TRMM-3B42 V7 and TRMM-TMI/PR, etc. The paper provides details of algorithm development and validation results.

关键词： Meteorology algorithm development Microwave radiation Absorption Humidity Radiative transfer Radiometry Satellites Atmospheric sensing Computer simulations Detection and tracking algorithms Remote sensing

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Using MODIS Weekly Evapotranspiration to Monitor Drought 13

Using MODIS Weekly Evapotranspiration to Monitor Drought

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Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability XIII

作者： Mu, Qiaozhen Zhao, Maosheng Running, Steven W. Kimball, John S. McDowell, Nathan G. Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat Numer Terradynam Simulat Grp NTSG Missoula MT 59812 USA SSAI 10210 Greenbelt Rd Lanham MD 20706 USA Univ Maryland Dept Geog Sci College Pk MD 20742 USA Los Alamos Natl Lab Atmospher & Environm Dynam Grp Earth & Environm Sci MS J495 Los Alamos NM 87545 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510603424

ISBN: (纸本)9781510603417;9781510603424

Regional drought and flooding from extreme climatic events are increasing in frequency and severity, with significant adverse eco-social impacts. Detecting and monitoring drought at regional to global scales remains challenging, despite the availability of various drought indices and widespread availability of potentially synergistic global satellite observational records. Mu et al. (2013) developed a method to generate a near-real-time remotely sensed Drought Severity Index (DSI) to monitor and detect drought globally at 1-km spatial resolution and regular 8-day, monthly and annual frequencies. The DSI integrates and exploits information from current operational satellite based terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) and Vegetation greenness Index (VI) products, which are sensitive to vegetation water stress. Specifically, our approach determines the annual DSI departure from its normal (20002011) using the remotely sensed ratio of ET to potential ET (PET) and NDVI. The DSI results were derived globally and captured documented major regional droughts over the last decade, including severe events in Europe (2003), the Amazon (2005 and 2010), and Russia (2010). Based on the global MOD16 ET algorithm, Mu et al. (in preparation) have further improved the MODIS ET algorithm for Nile River Basin Countries. Not only are the results improved dramatically but also the data cover every 1-km pixel of the land surfaces including inland waters (lakes, rivers, etc.), deserts, urban areas, unclassified land surfaces, etc. Using the improved MODIS ET algorithm, we can generate remotely sensed terrestrial ET and DSI products with higher quality. These products will enhance our capabilities for near-real-time drought monitoring to assist decision makers in regional drought assessment and mitigation efforts, and without many of the constraints of more traditional drought monitoring methods.

关键词： MODIS Vegetation Climatology Satellites Environmental sensing algorithm development Ecosystems Telescopes Carbon Remote sensing

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Fully polarimetric data from the ARL RailSAR 20

Fully polarimetric data from the ARL RailSAR

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Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XX

作者： Ranney, Kenneth Kirose, Getachew Phelan, Brian Sherbondy, Kelly US Army Res Lab Adelphi MD 20783 USA Penn State Univ State Coll PA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510600706

The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has recently upgraded the indoor, rail-mounted synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system, RailSAR, to enable collection of large amounts of low-frequency, ultra-wideband (UWB) data. Our intent is to provide a research tool that is capable of emulating airborne SAR configuration and associated data collection geometries against surrogate explosive hazard threat deployments. By having such a capability, ARL's facility will afford a more rapid response to the ever changing improvised characteristics associated with explosive hazards today and in the future. Therefore, upgrades to this RailSAR tool to improve functionality and performance are needed to meet the potential rapid response assessments to be carried out. The new, lighter RailSAR cart puts less strain on the radar positioning hardware and allows the system to move smoothly along a specified portion of the rail. In previous papers, we have presented co-polarized SAR data collected using the ARL RailSAR. Recently, however, researchers at ARL have leveraged this asset to collect polarimetric data against multiple targets. This paper presents the SAR imagery resulting from these experiments and documents characteristics of certain target signatures that should be of interest to developers of automatic target detection (ATD) algorithms.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar Polarimetry Radar Metals Target detection algorithm development Detection and tracking algorithms Explosives Land mines Analytical research

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Cy-preds: An algorithm and a web service for the analysis and prediction of cysteine reactivity

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PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS 2016年第2期84卷 278-291页

作者： Soylu, Inanc Marino, Stefano M. Akdeniz Univ Dept Agr Biotechnol TR-07058 Antalya Turkey

Cysteine (Cys) is a critically important amino acid, serving a variety of functions within proteins including structural roles, catalysis, and regulation of function through post-translational modifications. Predicting which Cys residues are likely to be reactive is a very sought after feature. Few methods are currently available for the task, either based on evaluation of physicochemical features (e.g., pKa and exposure) or based on similarity with known instances. In this study, we developed an algorithm (named HAL-Cy) which blends previous work with novel implementations to identify reactive Cys from nonreactive. HAL-Cy present two major components: (i) an energy based part, rooted on the evaluation of H-bond network contributions and (ii) a knowledge based part, composed of different profiling approaches (including a newly developed weighting matrix for sequence profiling). In our evaluations, HAL-Cy provided significantly improved performances, as tested in comparisons with existing approaches. We implemented our algorithm in a web service (Cy-preds), the ultimate product of our work;we provided it with a variety of additional features, tools, and options: Cy-preds is capable of performing fully automated calculations for a thorough analysis of Cys reactivity in proteins, ranging from reactivity predictions (e.g., with HAL-Cy) to functional characterization. We believe it represents an original, effective, and very useful addition to the current array of tools available to scientists involved in redox biology, Cys biochemistry, and structural bioinformatics.

关键词： cysteine biochemistry redox biology prediction of reactivity algorithm development web service structural bioinformatics

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Highway voting system: Embracing a possible paradigm shift in traffic data acquisition

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TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 2015年 56卷 149-160页

作者： Lin, Wei-Hua Lo, Hong K. Univ Arizona Dept Syst & Ind Engn Tucson AZ 85721 USA Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Dept Civil & Environm Engn Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China

The integration of intemet and mobile phones has opened the door to a new wave of utilizing private vehicles as probes not only for performance evaluation but for traffic control as well, gradually replacing the role of traffic surveillance systems as the dominant source of traffic data. To prepare for such a paradigm shift, one needs to overcome some key institutional barriers, in particular, the privacy issue. A Highway Voting System (HVS) is proposed to address this issue in which drivers provide link- and/or path-based vehicle data to the traffic management system in the form of "votes" in order to receive favorable service from traffic control. The proposed HVS offers a platform that links data from individual vehicles directly with traffic control. In the system, traffic control responds to voting vehicles in a way similar to the current system responding to prioritized vehicles and providing the requested services accordingly. We show in the paper that the proposed "voting" system can effectively resolve the privacy issue which often hampers traffic engineers from getting detailed data from drivers. Strategies to entice drivers into "voting" so as to increase the market penetration level under all traffic conditions are discussed. Though the focus of the paper is on addressing the institutional issues associated with data acquisition from individual vehicles, other research topics associated with the proposed system are identified. Two examples are given to demonstrate the impact of the proposed system on algorithm development and traffic control. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Traffic control Data collection System optimum Privacy issues Equitability Sustainability algorithm development

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Special Section Guest Editorial: LUNGx Challenge for computerized lung nodule classification: Reflections and lessons learned

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Journal of Medical Imaging 2015年第2期2卷

作者： Armato, Samuel G. Hadjiiski, Lubomir Tourassi, Georgia D. Drukker, Karen Giger, Maryellen L. Li, Feng Redmond, George Farahani, Keyvan Kirby, Justin S. Clarke, Laurence P. University of Chicago Department of Radiology MC 2026 5841 S. Maryland Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States University of Michigan Department of Radiology 1500 E. Medical Center Drive Ann ArborMI48109 United States Biomedical Science and Engineering Center Health Data Sciences Institute Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831 United States National Cancer Institute Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis Cancer Imaging Program 9609 Medical Center Drive BethesdaMD20892 United States Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Leidos Biomedical Research Inc Cancer Imaging Program FrederickMD21702 United States

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