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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm Development"

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOVERING DEPTH AND VIEWING POSITION 3

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOVERING DEPTH AND VIEWING POSITION

引用

CONF ON HUMAN VISION, VISUAL PROCESSING, AND DIGITAL DISPLAY 3

作者： SUN, CM FORREST, AK Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine (United Kingdom)

ISBN: (纸本)0819408204

Random-dot stereograms first generated by Julesz have since been much used for research in vision and perception. When stereograms are binocularly viewed, three-dimensional surfaces can be perceived hovering over the random-dot background. It can be observed that when the viewing distance alters, the hovering depth of the surface also changes and that if we move our eyes to and fro sideways while viewing, the hovering surface moves with our eye movement. It is believed that the information about depth and three-dimensional shape available from the horizontal component of the stereo disparity field requires interpretation in conjunction with information about egocentric viewing distance. This paper shows the relationship between hovering depth and viewing position. The hovering depth can be calculated providing the interocular distance, the convergence angle and the disparity are known. The ratio of the hovering depths at two different viewing positions is equal to the ratio of the corresponding viewing distances. A mathematical explanation is given of the fact that changing viewing position results in changing of the perceived depth of the hovering surface in stereograms. The horizontal shift of the hovering surface has a linear relationship with the amount of eye movement, and the ratio between them is determined by a the disparity and the interocular distance.

关键词： Stereo holograms Eye Human vision and color perception Visualization Lawrencium Computer simulations algorithm development Sensors Visual system Sun

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A semiautomatic algorithm for three-dimensional segmentation of the prostate on CT images using shape and local texture characteristics

A semiautomatic algorithm for three-dimensional segmentation...

引用

Conference on Medical Imaging - Image-Guided Procedures, Robotic Interventions, and Modeling

作者： Shahedi, Maysam Ma, Ling Halicek, Martin Guo, Rongrong Zhang, Guoyi Schuster, David M. Nieh, Peter Master, Viraj Fei, Baowei Emory Univ Dept Radiol & Imaging Sci Atlanta GA 30322 USA Georgia Inst Technol Wallace H Coulter Dept Biomed Engn Atlanta GA 30332 USA Emory Univ Atlanta GA 30322 USA Emory Univ Dept Urol Atlanta GA 30322 USA Emory Univ Winship Canc Inst Atlanta GA 30322 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510616424

ISBN: (纸本)9781510616424

Prostate segmentation in computed tomography (CT) images is useful for planning and guidance of the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. However, the low soft-tissue contrast of CT images makes the manual prostate segmentation a time-consuming task with high inter-observer variation. We developed a semi-automatic, three-dimensional (3D) prostate segmentation algorithm using shape and texture analysis and have evaluated the method against manual reference segmentations. In a training data set we defined an inter-subject correspondence between surface points in the spherical coordinate system. We applied this correspondence to model the globular and smoothly curved shape of the prostate with 86, well-distributed surface points using a point distribution model that captures prostate shape variation. We also studied the local texture difference between prostate and non-prostate tissues close to the prostate surface. For segmentation, we used the learned shape and texture characteristics of the prostate in CT images and we used a set of user inputs for prostate localization. We trained our algorithm using 23 CT images and tested it on 10 images. We evaluated the results compared with those of two experts' manual reference segmentations using different error metrics. The average measured Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and mean absolute distance (MAD) were 88 +/- 2% and 1.9 +/- 0.5 mm, respectively. The averaged inter-expert difference measured on the same dataset was 91 +/- 4% (DSC) and 1.3 +/- 0.6 mm (MAD). With no prior intra-patient information, the proposed algorithm showed a fast, robust and accurate performance for 3D CT segmentation.

关键词： Image segmentation Prostate Computed tomography Image processing algorithms and systems 3D image processing 3D modeling algorithm development Cancer Shape analysis

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Multilevel test and validation of algorithms implemented in a SOPC VisionNode

Multilevel test and validation of algorithms implemented in ...

引用

Conference on Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision XXI

作者： Sluiter, A Hartmann, K Hasenmaier, B Rost, M Stieler, D Weihs, W Univ Siegen Ctr Sensor Syst D-57076 Siegen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)081945155X

This paper describes results of a tool development process and still on-going research program in multilevel algorithm design and validation for multisensor systems. Our work covers both the algorithm design process including the simulation efforts and the implementation of the algorithms into the sensor node prepared for real-time processing within a vision system network. The sensor node hardware is based on the System on Programmable Chip (SOPC)-Technology. This gives us the flexibility to interface different kinds of sensor elements (matrix-, line-sensors) and the processing-power to provide real-time possibilities in height data-rate applications. At the point today our hardware module for Vision applications also uses a CPU module. This results in a high flexibility concerning the communication efforts. Our design can provide the use of CPU-modules within the SOPC design also. Mapping algorithms into a distributed sensor network will be done in either a centralized or decentralized way. That means the algorithm will be running on one sensor node or a part of the algorithm is implemented on some others nodes within the network. Beginning at the design and simulation level different kind of levels are opened for optimization, test and validate the developed algorithm. We present the architectural framework that supports the multilevel test and validation process.

关键词： algorithm development Simulink Sensors Field programmable gate arrays Detection and tracking algorithms MATLAB Computer architecture Computer simulations Data communications Image processing

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Active contour-based multiresolution transforms for the segmentation of fluorescence microscope images

Active contour-based multiresolution transforms for the segm...

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Conference on Wavelets XII

作者： Srinivasa, Gowri Fickus, Matthew Kovacevic, Jelena Carnegie Mellon Univ Ctr Bioimage Informat Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Carnegie Mellon Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Air Force Inst Technol Dept Math & Stat Wright Patterson AFB OH USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819468499

In recent years, the focus in biological science has shifted to understanding complex systems at the cellular and molecular levels, a task greatly facilitated by fluorescence microscopy. Segmentation, a fundamental yet difficult problem, is often the first processing step following acquisition. We have previously demonstrated that a stochastic active contour based algorithm together with the concept of topology preservation TPSTACS) successfully segments single cells from multicell images. In this paper we demonstrate that TPSTACS successfully segments images from other imaging modalities such as DIC microscopy, MRI and fMRI. While this method is a viable alternative to hand segmentation, it;is not yet ready to be used for high-throughput applications due to its large run time. Thus, we highlight some of the benefits of combining TPSTACS with the multiresolution approach for the segmentation of fluorescence microscope images. Here we propose a multiscale active contour (MSAC) transformation framework for developing a family of modular algorithms for the segmentation of fluorescence microscope images in particular, and biomedical. images in general. While this framework retains the flexibility and the high quality of the segmentation provided by active contour-based algorithms, it offers a boost in the efficiency as well as a framework to compute new features that further enhance the segmentation.

关键词： Image segmentation Luminescence Microscopes Proteins Image processing algorithms and systems algorithm development Microscopy Magnetic resonance imaging Transform theory Digital image correlation

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TOBOGGAN CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT

TOBOGGAN CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT

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CONF ON APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 10 : MACHINE VISION AND ROBOTICS ( PREPRINTS )

作者： FAIRFIELD, J James Madison Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819408735

Toboggan contrast enhancement is a noniterative, no-parameter, linear execution time method for selectively augmenting the contrast of multispectral images of arbitrary dimensionality. It can be adapted to enhance images given any image function embodying one's notion of what constitutes an edge, provided the function monotonically decreases with distance from edges.

关键词： Evolutionary algorithms Image enhancement Image segmentation Artificial intelligence Robotics Machine vision Dysprosium Brain Convolution algorithm development

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EFFECT OF CROSS-CORRELATION ON TRACK-TO-TRACK FUSION

EFFECT OF CROSS-CORRELATION ON TRACK-TO-TRACK FUSION

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Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1994

作者： SAHA, RK MITRE CORP BEDFORDMA 01730

ISBN: (纸本)0819415391

Since the advent of target tracking systems employing a diverse mixture of sensors, there has been increasing recognition by air defense system planners and other military system analysts of the need to integrate these tracks so that a clear air picture can be obtained in a command center. A popular methodology to achieve this goal is to perform track-to-track fusion, which performs track-to-track association as well as kinematic state vector fusion. This paper seeks to answer analytically the extent of improvement achievable by means of kinetic state vector fusion when the tracks are obtained from dissimilar sensors (e.g., Radar/ESM/IRST/IFF). It is well known that evaluation of the performance of state vector fusion algorithms at steady state must take into account the effects of cross-correlation between eligible tracks introduced by the input noise which, unfortunately, is often neglected because of added computational complexity. In this paper, an expression for the steady-state cross-covariance matrix for a 2D state vector track-to-track fusion is obtained. This matrix is shown to be a function of the parameters of the Kalman filters associated with the candidate tracks being fused. Conditions for positive definiteness of the cross-covariance matrix have been derived and the effect of positive definiteness on performance of track-to-track fusion is also discussed.

关键词： Sensors Filtering (signal processing) Matrices Kinematics Detection and tracking algorithms Chemical elements Electronic filtering algorithm development Data fusion Sensor fusion

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Efficient object tracking in WAAS data streams

Efficient object tracking in WAAS data streams

引用

Conference on Real-Time Image and Video Processing 2011

作者： Clarke, Trevor R. H. Canosa, Roxanne Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp Boulder CO 80301 USA Rochester Inst Technol Rochester NY 14623 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819484086

Wide area airborne surveillance (WAAS) systems are a new class of remote sensing imagers which have many military and civilian applications. These systems are characterized by long loiter times (extended imaging time over fixed target areas) and large footprint target areas. These characteristics complicate moving object detection and tracking due to the large image size and high number of moving objects. This research evaluates existing object detection and tracking algorithms with WAAS data and provides enhancements to the processing chain which decrease processing time and maintain or increase tracking accuracy. Decreases in processing time are needed to perform real-time or near real-time tracking either on the WAAS sensor platform or in ground station processing centers. Increased tracking accuracy benefits real-time users and forensic (off-line) users.

关键词： Cameras Imaging systems Sensors Detection and tracking algorithms Video algorithm development Image processing Optical flow Unmanned aerial vehicles Video surveillance

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Stochastic gradient estimation strategies for Markov random fields

Stochastic gradient estimation strategies for Markov random ...

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Conference on Bayesian Inference for Inverse Problems

作者： Younes, L ENS Cachan CMLA F-94235 Cachan France

ISBN: (纸本)0819429147

This communication presents new results about convergence of stochastic gradient algorithms for maximum likelihood estimation of Markov random fields. We first present theoretical results dealing with the convergence of a generalized Robbins-Monro procedure. These results provide rigorous justifications for simple numerical strategies which can be employed in practice;they are illustrated by numerical experiments.

关键词： Stochastic processes algorithms Statistical analysis Data modeling algorithm development Explosives Computer simulations Image analysis Internet Statistical modeling

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Techniques for appraising radar images formed from complex-valued measurements

Techniques for appraising radar images formed from complex-v...

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Conference on Radar Processing, Technology, and Applications IV

作者： Borden, B USN Air Warfare Ctr Weap Div Res Dept China Lake CA 93555 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819432962

Traditional methods in image processing have not enjoyed an easy transition to radar data because most of these techniques are phase insensitive and generalizations have often not led to unique results. The desire to develop image reconstruction algorithms which are not 'phase blind' has well-recognized resolution and superresolution consequences since these algorithms are typically based upon complex Fourier techniques. In addition, standard radar imaging methods have employed a linear 'weak scatterer' target model to make a simple connection between target and scattered field-a model that is not always appropriate and which can cause deleterious image artifacts. Clearly, the accuracy of follow-on model appraisal requires more than simple 'resolution' analysis. Recently, several important ideas have been developed which help to bridge the gap between algorithmic image resolution 'enhancement' processing and usual radar image appraisal methods. We present a coordinated overview of some of the more promising of the techniques, including nonlinear Backus-Gilbert restoration and complex target modeling.

关键词： Radar Scattering Strontium Image processing Image resolution algorithm development Data modeling Multiple scattering Image restoration Radar imaging

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Progress in the robust automated segmentation of real cell images

Progress in the robust automated segmentation of real cell i...

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Research Workshop on Automated Medical Image Analysis

作者： Bamford, P Jackway, P Lovell, B Univ Queensland Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn Cooperat Res Ctr Sensor Signal & Informat Proc St Lucia Qld 4067 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0819432296

We propose a collection of robust algorithms for the segmentation of cell images from Papanicolaou stained cervical smears ("Pap" smears). This problem is deceptively difficult and often results on laboratory datasets do not carry over to real world data. Our approach is in 3 parts. First, we segment the cytoplasm from the background using a,novel method based on the Wilson and Spann multi-resolution framework. Second, we segment the nucleus from the cytoplasm using an active contour method, where the best contour is found by a global minimisation method. Third, we implement a method to determine a confidence measure for the segmentation of each object. This uses a stability criterion over the regularisation parameter lambda in the active contour. We present the results of thorough testing of the algorithms on large numbers of cell images. A database of 20,130 images is used for the segmentation tests and 18,718 images for the robustness tests.

关键词： Image segmentation Cervical cancer Image processing algorithms and systems Image resolution Image classification Cancer Microscopes algorithm development Databases Visualization

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