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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm Development"

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A fast Monte Carlo algorithm for source localization on graphs

A fast Monte Carlo algorithm for source localization on grap...

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Conference on Wavelets and Sparsity XV

作者： Agaskar, Ameya Lu, Yue M. Harvard Univ Sch Engn & Appl Sci Cambridge MA 02138 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497086

Epidemic models on networks have long been studied by biologists and social sciences to determine the steady state levels of an infection on a network. Recently, however, several authors have begun considering the more difficult problem of estimating the source of an infection given information about its behavior some time after the initial infection. In this paper, we describe a technique to estimate the source of an infection on a general graph based on observations from a small set of observers during a fixed time window at some unknown time after the initial infection. We describe an alternate representation for the susceptible-infected (SI) infection model based on geodesic distances on a randomly-weighted version of the graph;this representation allows us to exploit fast algorithms to compute geodesic distances to estimate the marginal distributions for each observer and compute a pseudo-likelihood function that is maximized to find the source.

关键词： Source localization algorithm development Monte Carlo methods Mathematical modeling Social sciences Applied sciences Current controlled current source Differential equations Matrices Wavelets

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Automatic Generation of Digital Anthropomorphic Phantoms from Simulated MRI Acquisitions

Automatic Generation of Digital Anthropomorphic Phantoms fro...

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Conference on Medical Imaging - Image-Guided Procedures, Robotic Interventions, and Modeling

作者： Lindsay, C. Gennert, M. A. Koenik, A. Dasari, P. K. King, M. A. Worcester Polytech Inst Worcester MA 01609 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819494450

In SPECT imaging, motion from patient respiration and body motion can introduce image artifacts that may reduce the diagnostic quality of the images. Simulation studies using numerical phantoms with precisely known motion can help to develop and evaluate motion correction algorithms. Previous methods for evaluating motion correction algorithms used either manual or semi-automated segmentation of MRI studies to produce patient models in the form of XCAT Phantoms, from which one calculates the transformation and deformation between MRI study and patient model. Both manual and semi-automated methods of XCAT Phantom generation require expertise in human anatomy, with the semi-automated method requiring up to 30 minutes and the manual method requiring up to eight hours. Although faster than manual segmentation, the semi-automated method still requires a significant amount of time, is not replicable, and is subject to errors due to the difficulty of aligning and deforming anatomical shapes in 3D. We propose a new method for matching patient models to MRI that extends the previous semi-automated method by eliminating the manual non-rigid transformation. Our method requires no user supervision and therefore does not require expert knowledge of human anatomy to align the NURBs to anatomical structures in the MR image. Our contribution is employing the SIMRI MRI simulator to convert the XCAT NURBs to a voxel-based representation that is amenable to automatic non-rigid registration. Then registration is used to transform and deform the NURBs to match the anatomy in the MR image. We show that our automated method generates XCAT Phantoms more robustly and significantly faster than the previous semi-automated method.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging Image registration Tissues Image segmentation Heart Natural surfaces algorithm development Image quality Motion models Single photon emission computed tomography

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Hyperspectral Data Compression using a Wiener Filter Predictor

Hyperspectral Data Compression using a Wiener Filter Predict...

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Conference on Satellite Data Compression, Communications, and Processing IX

作者： Villeneuve, Pierre V. Beaven, Scott G. Stocker, Alan D. Space Comp Corp Los Angeles CA 90025 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497215

The application of compression to hyperspectral image data is a significant technical challenge. A primary bottleneck in disseminating data products to the tactical user community is the limited communication bandwidth between the airborne sensor and the ground station receiver. This report summarizes the newly-developed "Z-Chrome" algorithm for lossless compression of hyperspectral image data. A Wiener filter prediction framework is used as a basis for modeling new image bands from already-encoded bands. The resulting residual errors are then compressed using available state-of-the-art lossless image compression functions. Compression performance is demonstrated using a large number of test data collected over a wide variety of scene content from six different airborne and spaceborne sensors

关键词： Image compression Data modeling Data compression Sensors Filtering (signal processing) Detection and tracking algorithms algorithm development Computer programming Hyperspectral imaging Image processing

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AKITA™: Application Knowledge Interface To algorithms

AKITA™: Application Knowledge Interface To Algorithms

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Conference on Automatic Target Recognition XXIII

作者： Barros, Paul Mathis, Allison Newman, Kevin Wilder, Steven Lockheed Martin Corp Bethesda MD 20817 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819495358

We propose a methodology for using sensor metadata and targeted preprocessing to optimize which selection from a large suite of algorithms are most appropriate for a given data set. Rather than applying several general purpose algorithms or requiring a human operator to oversee the analysis of the data, our method allows the most effective algorithm to be automatically chosen, conserving both computational, network and human resources. For example, the amount of video data being produced daily is far greater than can ever be analyzed. Computer vision algorithms can help sift for the relevant data, but not every algorithm is suited to every data type nor is it efficient to run them all. A full body detector won't work well when the camera is zoomed in or when it is raining and all the people are occluded by foul weather gear. However, leveraging metadata knowledge of the camera settings and the conditions under which the data was collected (generated by automatic preprocessing), face or umbrella detectors could be applied instead, increasing the likelihood of a correct reading. The Lockheed Martin AKITA system is a modular knowledge layer which uses knowledge of the system and environment to determine how to most efficiently and usefully process whatever data it is given.

关键词： Detection and tracking algorithms Video Sensors Video processing Image processing Computer vision technology Machine vision algorithm development Cameras Data modeling

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Blind Image Quality Assessment without Training on Human Opinion Scores

Blind Image Quality Assessment without Training on Human Opi...

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Conference on Human Vision and Electronic Imaging XVIII

作者： Mittal, Anish Soundararajan, Rajiv Muralidhar, Gautam S. Bovik, Alan C. Ghosh, Joydeep Univ Texas Austin Austin TX 78712 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819494245

We propose a family of image quality assessment (IQA) models based on natural scene statistics (NSS), that can predict the subjective quality of a distorted image without reference to a corresponding distortionless image, and without any training results on human opinion scores of distorted images. These 'completely blind' models compete well with standard non-blind image quality indices in terms of subjective predictive performance when tested on the large publicly available 'LIVE' Image Quality database.(1)

关键词： Image quality Distortion Visualization Visual process modeling Data modeling Statistical modeling Databases algorithm development Image compression Video

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Extension of PV Optics to Include Front Metallization

Extension of PV Optics to Include Front Metallization

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39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)

作者： Guhabiswas, Debraj Sopori, Bhushan Rivero, Rene Ravindra, N. M. Natl Renewable Energy Lab Golden CO 80401 USA New Jersey Inst Technol Newark NJ 07102 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479932993

PV Optics is an optical design package that was developed about a decade ago and has been extensively used since then for design of c-Si, and multijunction a-Si solar cells by researchers and engineers. However, this software did not have the capability to include the front metallization into the device structure. We have now developed version 3.0 of PV Optics, which overcomes this limitation and can be used for most of the current electrode designs for crystalline Si solar cells. A summary of this addition along with the results of a detailed study of the effect of front electrode architecture on the performance of (100) textured monocrystalline cells have been presented here.

关键词： optical simulations ray-tracing algorithm development crystalline materials solar cells silicon

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Influence versus Intent for Predictive Analytics in Situation Awareness

Influence versus Intent for Predictive Analytics in Situatio...

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Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor Fusion, and Target Recognition XXII

作者： Cui, Biru Yang, Shanchieh Jay Kadar, Ivan Rochester Inst Technol Dept Comp Engn Rochester NY 14623 USA Interlink Syst Sci Inc Lake Success NY 11042 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819495365

Predictive analytics in situation awareness requires an element to comprehend and anticipate potential adversary activities that might occur in the future. Most work in high level fusion or predictive analytics utilizes machine learning, pattern mining, Bayesian inference, and decision tree techniques to predict future actions or states. The emergence of social computing in broader contexts has drawn interests in bringing the hypotheses and techniques from social theory to algorithmic and computational settings for predictive analytics. This paper aims at answering the question on how influence and attitude (some interpreted such as intent) of adversarial actors can be formulated and computed algorithmically, as a higher level fusion process to provide predictions of future actions. The challenges in this interdisciplinary endeavor include drawing existing understanding of influence and attitude in both social science and computing fields, as well as the mathematical and computational formulation for the specific context of situation to be analyzed. The study of ‘influence’ has resurfaced in recent years due to the emergence of social networks in the virtualized cyber world. Theoretical analysis and techniques developed in this area are discussed in this paper in the context of predictive analysis. Meanwhile, the notion of intent, or ‘attitude’ using social theory terminologies, is a relatively uncharted area in the computing field. Note that a key objective of predictive analytics is to identify impending/planned attacks so their ‘impact’ and ‘threat’ can be prevented. In this spirit, indirect and direct observables are drawn and derived to infer the influence network and attitude to predict future threats. This work proposes an integrated framework that jointly assesses adversarial actors’ influence network and their attitudes as a function of past actions and action outcomes. A preliminary set of algorithms are developed and tested using the Global Terrorism D

关键词： Analytics Social networks algorithm development Data modeling Social network analysis Databases Information fusion Integration Social sciences Machine learning

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F-MAD: A Feature-Based Extension of the Most Apparent Distortion algorithm for Image Quality Assessment

F-MAD: A Feature-Based Extension of the Most Apparent Distor...

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Conference on Image Quality and System Performance X

作者： Singh, Punit Chandler, Damon M. Oklahoma State Univ Sch Elect & Comp Engn Lab Computat Percept & Image Qual Stillwater OK 74078 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819494269

In this paper, we describe the results of a study designed to investigate the effectiveness of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) as a quality estimator when measured in various feature domains. Although PSNR is well known to be a poor predictor of image quality, PSNR has been shown be quite effective for additive, pixel-based distortions. We hypothesized that PSNR might also be effective for other types of distortions which induce changes to other visual features, as long as PSNR is measured between local measures of such features. Given a reference and distorted image, five feature maps are measured for each image (lightness distance, color distance, contrast, edge strength, and sharpness). We describe a variant of PSNR in which quality is estimated based on the extent to which these feature maps for the reference image differ from the corresponding maps for the distorted image. We demonstrate how this feature-based approach can lead to improved estimators of image quality.

关键词： Image quality Distortion Databases Visualization Quality measurement Image analysis Image processing Signal to noise ratio Yield improvement algorithm development

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An Efficient QoS-aware Routing algorithm for LEO Polar Constellations

An Efficient QoS-aware Routing Algorithm for LEO Polar Const...

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Conference on Sensors and Systems for Space Applications VI

作者： Tian, Xin Khanh Pham Blasch, Erik Tian, Zhi Shen, Dan Chen, Genshe Intelligent Fus Technol Inc Germantown MD 20876 USA US Air Force Res Lab Kirtland AFB NM 87117 USA US Air Force Res Lab Griffiss AFB NY 13441 USA Michigan Tech Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Houghton MI 49931 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819495303

In this work, a Quality of Service (QoS)-aware routing (QAR) algorithm is developed for Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) polar constellations. LEO polar orbits are the only type of satellite constellations where inter-plane inter-satellite links (ISLs) are implemented in real world. The QAR algorithm exploits features of the topology of the LEO satellite constellation, which makes it more efficient than general shortest path routing algorithms such as Dijkstra's or extended Bellman-Ford algorithms. Traffic density, priority, and error QoS requirements on communication delays can be easily incorporated into the QAR algorithm through satellite distances. The QAR algorithm also supports efficient load balancing in the satellite network by utilizing the multiple paths from the source satellite to the destination satellite, and effectively lowers the rate of network congestion. The QAR algorithm supports a novel robust routing scheme in LEO polar constellation, which is able to significantly reduce the impact of inter-satellite link (ISL) congestions on QoS in terms of communication delay and jitter.

关键词： Satellites Satellite communications algorithm development Telecommunications Iridium Analytical research 3D vision Broadband telecommunications Data communications Defense technologies

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Anaglyph stereo images generated from object topography obtained through fringe projection

Anaglyph stereo images generated from object topography obta...

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Conference on Optics and Photonics for Information Processing VII

作者： Lopez Dominguez, Yolanda Yanet Martinez Garcia, Amalia Rayas Alvarez, Juan Antonio Genovese, Katia Ctr Invest Opt AC Loma Bosque 115 Leon Gto Mexico Univ Basilicata Dipartimento Ingn Fis Ambiente Potenza Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497055

The structured light technique is useful to evaluate the topography of an object. By using the Fourier transform, the phase of a fringe pattern is obtained from a single image. With the phase information and the sensibility vector of the optical system, the value z(x, y) at each point of the object can be determined. It is known that color is a subjective sensation, and it changes depending on the observer. In order to make an association of real color and texture, it is necessary to calibrate and profile the optical devices involved in the process. Thus, we ensure that the color detected by a camera is the same displayed on the monitor and perceived by the observer, so it is possible to associate the color of the target object in addition to the evaluation of topography. On the other hand, 3D visualization is possible by using a stereoscopic system that provides two different images of the same object (one for each eye). One possible technique is that known as the anaglyph method, based on the binocular disparity of two images obtained with different color filters. Each one of the images is taken with complementary colors (red-blue or red-green), and the tri-dimensional shape can be seen through the use of special glasses;this way, each eye sees an image from its own angle. Object topography is obtained with the fringe projection technique, and then one image is selected and pseudo colored;then, the second image is taken, slightly changing the perspective of the tri-dimensional display and pseudo coloring it with a complimentary color. A computational algorithm is developed to evaluate and visualize the object in real time.

关键词： Calibration Glasses algorithm development Optical filters Eye Image fusion Cameras Optical components 3D image processing Spectrophotometry

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