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Hyper-spectral measurements using a compact SWIR camera

Hyper-spectral measurements using a compact SWIR camera

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Conference of the Unconventional Imaging and Wavefront Sensing

作者： Dayton, David Nolasco, Rudolph Myers, Michael Sena, John-Paul Oliver, Jeremy Even, Detlev Hill, Brian Appl Technol Associates 1300 Britt SE Albuquerque NM 87123 USA Air Force Res Lab Kirtland AFB NM 87117 USA NovaSol Honolulu HI 96813 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819492371

Recent advances in InGaAs camera technology has stimulated interest in the short wave infra-red (SWIR) band in the spectral region 0.84 - 1.7 mu m. Located between the visible and thermal infra-red, the SWIR band shows interesting properties of both. Images tends to have the look of the visible and are less affected by scattering from aerosol haze, however the solar irradiance is dropping rapidly with wavelength in the SWIR. Spectral signatures, particularly of paints and dyes, may be different in the SWIR band compared to the visible. For these reasons we have chosen to investigate hyper-spectral measurements in this band using the NovaSol mu HSI SWIR hyper-spectral imager system

关键词： Short wave infrared radiation Cameras Visible radiation Imaging systems algorithm development Optical filters Indium gallium arsenide Sensors Aerosols Air contamination

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Real-Time 3D Change Detection of IEDs

Real-Time 3D Change Detection of IEDs

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Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications XVII

作者： Wathen, Mitch Link, Norah Iles, Peter Jinkerson, John Mrstik, Paul Kusevic, Kresimir Kovats, David Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate Army Res Labs 2800 Powder Mill Rd Adelphi MD 20783 USA CAE Inc St Laurent PQ H4T 1G6 Canada CAE USA Inc Tampa FL 33634 USA GeoDigital Int Inc Ottawa ON ON K2E Canada Neptec Design Grp Kanata ON K2K 1Y5 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780819490575

Road-side bombs are a real and continuing threat to soldiers in theater. CAE USA recently developed a prototype Volume-based Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance (VISR) sensor platform for IED detection. This vehicle-mounted, prototype sensor system uses a high data rate LiDAR (1.33 million range measurements per second) to generate a 3D mapping of roadways. The mapped data is used as a reference to generate real-time change detection on future trips on the same roadways. The prototype VISR system is briefly described. The focus of this paper is the methodology used to process the 3D LiDAR data, in real-time, to detect small changes on and near the roadway ahead of a vehicle traveling at moderate speeds with sufficient warning to stop the vehicle at a safe distance from the threat. The system relies on accurate navigation equipment to geo-reference the reference run and the change-detection run. Since it was recognized early in the project that detection of small changes could not be achieved with accurate navigation solutions alone, a scene alignment algorithm was developed to register the reference run with the change detection run prior to applying the change detection algorithm. Good success was achieved in simultaneous real-time processing of scene alignment plus change detection.

关键词： Sensors LIDAR Target detection Databases Cameras Prototyping Global Positioning System Improvised explosive devices algorithm development Navigation systems

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A LADAR bare earth extraction technique for diverse topography and complex scenes

A LADAR bare earth extraction technique for diverse topograp...

引用

Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications XVII

作者： Neuenschwander, Amy L. Stevenson, Terry H. Magruder, Lori A. Univ Texas Austin Appl Res Labs Austin TX 78713 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819490575

Bare earth extraction is an important component to LADAR data analysis in terms of terrain classification. The challenge in providing accurate digital models is augmented when there is diverse topography within the data set or complex combinations of vegetation and built structures. A successful approach provides a flexible methodology (adaptable for topography and/or environment) that is capable of integrating multiple ladar point cloud data attributes. A newly developed approach (TE-SiP) uses a 2nd and 3rd order spatial derivative for each point in the DEM to determine sets of contiguous regions of similar elevation. Specifically, the derivative of the central point represents the curvature of the terrain at that position. Contiguous sets of high (positive or negative) values define sharp edges such as building edges or cliffs. This method is independent of the slope, such that very steep, but continuous topography still have relatively low curvature values and are preserved in the terrain classification. Next, a recursive segmentation method identifies unique features of homogeneity on the surface separated by areas of high curvature. An iterative selection process is used to eliminate regions containing buildings or vegetation from the terrain surface. This technique was tested on a variety of existing LADAR surveys, each with varying levels of topographic complexity. The results shown here include developed and forested regions in the Dominican Republic.

关键词： LIDAR Data modeling Vegetation Image segmentation Ions Clouds Optical filters Remote sensing Agriculture algorithm development

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Invariant Methods for Real-Time Object Recognition and Image Understanding

Invariant Methods for Real-Time Object Recognition and Image...

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Conference on Real-Time Image and Video Processing

作者： Stiller, Peter F. Texas A&M Univ Dept Math College Stn TX 77843 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819491299

In this paper we discuss certain recently developed invariant geometric techniques that can be used for fast object recognition or fast image understanding. The results make use of techniques from algebraic geometry that allow one to relate the geometric invariants of a feature set in 3D to similar invariants in 2D or 1D. The methods apply equally well to optical images or radar images. In addition to the "object/image" equations relating these invariants, we also discuss certain invariant metrics and show why they provide a more natural and robust test for matching object features to image features. Additional aspects of the work as it applies to shape reconstruction and shape statistics will also be explored.

关键词： Sensors Radon Object recognition Image understanding algorithm development Image sensors Radar Shape analysis Statistical analysis Image restoration

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Cellular pattern recognition towards discrimination of normal skin from melanoma in non-invasive confocal imaging

Cellular pattern recognition towards discrimination of norma...

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Conference on Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostic Systems X

作者： Swerdlin, Amy Simpson, Eric Jacques, Steven Gareau, Daniel S. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ Portland OR 97201 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819488572

Cellular histopathological melanoma screening is critical but expensive/invasive. Confocal screening is cheap/noninvasive but data interpretation remains difficult. Human terminology for biological features is insufficient to fully exploit the diagnostic value, so we propose automated quantitative morphometry. Normal diagnostic traits include a regularly organized spinous keratinocyte matrix on an underlying smooth basal keritinocyte layer. Computational identification of dark nuclei in spinous keratinocytes and bright pigmented basal keratinocytes yields two distinct regions: basal and super-basal. These independent algorithms usually yield complementary regions but occasionally overlap or leave gaps. Improved microanatomical discrimination will yield a better diagnostic map to evaluate morphology for cancer detection.

关键词： Melanoma Confocal microscopy Diagnostics Skin Pattern recognition algorithm development Biopsy Error analysis Reflectivity Yield improvement

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Parallel Computing-based Sclera Recognition for Human Identification

Parallel Computing-based Sclera Recognition for Human Identi...

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Conference on Mobile Multimedia/Image Processing, Security, and Applications

作者： Lin, Yong Du, Eliza Y. Zhou, Zhi Indiana Univ Purdue Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Indianapolis IN 46202 USA Xidian Univ Sch Comp Sci Xian 710071 Peoples R China Ningxia Normal Coll Dept Comp Sci Guyuan 756000 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780819490841

Compared to iris recognition, sclera recognition which uses line descriptor can achieve comparable recognition accuracy in visible wavelengths. However, this method is too time-consuming to be implemented in a real-time system. In this paper, we propose a GPU-based parallel computing approach to reduce the sclera recognition time. We define a new descriptor in which the information of KD tree structure and sclera edge are added. Registration and matching task is divided into subtasks in various sizes according to their computation complexities. Every affine transform parameters are generated by searching on KD tree. Texture memory, constant memory, and shared memory are used to store templates and transform matrixes. The experiment results show that the proposed method executed on GPU can dramatically improve the sclera matching speed in hundreds of times without accuracy decreasing.

关键词： Sclera Image segmentation Detection and tracking algorithms Iris recognition algorithm development Databases Image registration Eye Image quality Parallel computing

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Precipitation observation using a dual Ka-band radar system

Precipitation observation using a dual Ka-band radar system

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Conference on Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, Clouds, and Precipitation IV

作者： Nakamura, Kenji Nishikawa, Masanori Shimizu, Shuji Nakagawa, Katsuhiro Hanado, Hiroshi Nagoya Univ Hydrospher Atmospher Res Ctr Chikusa Ku Furocho Nagoya Aichi 4648601 Japan Earth Observat Res Ctr Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy Tsukuba Ibaraki 3018585 Japan Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol Koganei Tokyo 1848795 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9780819492623

A dual Ka-band radar system is developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) for the GPM DPR algorithm development. The dual Ka-radar system which consists of two identical Ka-band radars can measure both the specific attenuation and the equivalent radar reflectivity at Ka-band. Those parameters are important particularly for snow measurement. Using the dual Ka-radar system along with other instruments, such as a polarimetric precipitation radar, a windprofiler radar, ground-based rain measurement systems, the uncertainties of the parameters in the DPR algorithm can be reduced. The verification of improvement of rain retrieval with the DPR algorithm is also included as an objective. Observations using the dual Ka-radar system were performed in Okinawa Island, in Tsukuba, over the slope of Mt. Fuji, and in Nagaoka, Japan. In Okinawa Island, the performance of the measurement has been confirmed by rain observation. In Tsukuba, one radar was directed in vertical and the other was in slant direction. By this configuration, total attenuation in the melting layer was estimated. The objective of the Mt. Fuji experiment was to observe the melting layer. In Nagaoka, a lot of wet snow fell, and much data on the snow have been obtained. The main results are measured k-Ze relationships. For the rain, reasonable k-Ze relationship has been obtained. The feasibility of total attenuation in melting layer has been studied. Different k-Ze relationships have been obtained in snow observations.

关键词： GPM DPR algorithm development Ka-band radar

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A Preliminary Investigation of Reduced-view Image Reconstruction from Low-dose Breast CT Data

A Preliminary Investigation of Reduced-view Image Reconstruc...

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Conference on Medical Imaging - Physics of Medical Imaging

作者： Bian, Junguo Han, Xiao Yang, Kai Sidky, Emil Y. Boone, John M. Pan, Xiaochuan Univ Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA Univ Calif Davis Davis CA 95616 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819489623

Analytic-based algorithms such as the FDK algorithm is used currently for image reconstruction from data acquired with prototypes of dedicated breast CT scanners. In general, analytic-based algorithms require data collected at a large number (similar to 500) of views. In current breast-CT scans, imaging dose delivered to the patient is about the same as that used in a typical two-view mammography exam. This highly limited total imaging dose, when distributed over a large number of views in breast CT, can result in low-SNR data. There exists a renewed interest in developing optimization-based (i.e., iterative) algorithms for image reconstruction from low-SNR data and/or from sparse-view data collected at a reduced number of views. Results of recent studies on optimization-based algorithms from CT data suggest that the algorithms may reconstruct images of quality higher than analytic-based algorithms from low-SNR data and/or from sparse-view data. In this work, we investigated image reconstruction from low-SNR patient-breast-CT data collected at a large number (similar to 500), as well as at reduced numbers, of views. The result of the study appears to indicate that optimization-based reconstructions can yield breast-CT images from low-SNR data comparable to, or better than, the corresponding FDK reconstructions.

关键词： Reconstruction algorithms Breast Image restoration Computed tomography Data modeling algorithm development Data acquisition Scanners Mammography Prototyping

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Utilizing the Hotelling Template as a tool for CT image reconstruction algorithm design

Utilizing the Hotelling Template as a tool for CT image reco...

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Conference on Medical Imaging - Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment

作者： Sanchez, Adrian A. Sidky, Emil Y. Pan, Xiaochuan Univ Chicago Med Ctr Chicago IL 60637 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819489678

Design of image reconstruction algorithms for CT can be significantly aided by useful metrics of image quality. Useful metrics, however, are difficult to develop due to the high-dimensionality of the CT imaging system, lack of spatial invariance in the imaging system, and a high degree of correlation among the image voxels. Although true task-based evaluation on realistic imaging tasks can be time-consuming, and a given task may be insensitive to the image reconstruction algorithm, task-based metrics can still prove useful in many contexts. For example, model observers that mimic performance of the imaging system on specific tasks can provide a low-dimensional measure of image quality while still accounting for many of the salient properties of the system and object being scanned. In this work, ideal observer performance is computed on a single detection task. The modeled signal for detection is taken to be very small - size on the order of a detector bin - and inspection of the accompanying Hotelling template is suggested. We hypothesize that improved detection on small signals may be sensitive to the reconstruction algorithm. Further, we hypothesize that structurally simple Hotelling templates may correlate with high human observer performance.

关键词： Reconstruction algorithms Signal detection Image restoration Linear filtering Computed tomography Image filtering Imaging systems Evolutionary algorithms algorithm development CT reconstruction

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Performance evaluation of a visual display calibration algorithm for IPad

Performance evaluation of a visual display calibration algor...

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Conference on Medical Imaging - Advanced PACS-Based Imaging Informatics and Therapeutic Applications

作者： De Paepe, Lode De Bock, Peter Vanovermeire, Olivier Kimpe, Tom Barco NV Healthcare Div President Kennedypk 35 B-8500 Kortrijk Belgium AZ Groeninge Hosp B-8500 Kortrijk Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9780819489685

IPad devices have become very popular also in the healthcare community. There is an ever growing demand to use tablets for displaying and reviewing of medical images. However, a major problem is the lack of calibration and quality assurance of the IPad display. Medical displays used for review and diagnosis of medical images need to be calibrated to the DICOM GSDF standard to ensure sufficient image quality and reproducibility. This paper presents a convenient and reliable solution. An optimized visual calibration algorithm to calibrate and perform quality assurance tests on IPad devices has been developed. The algorithm allows a user to quickly calibrate an IPad in only a few minutes while a follow-up visual QA test to verify calibration status takes less than a minute. In the calibration phase, the user needs to change position of a slider until a pattern barely becomes visible, and this for a small number of grey levels. In the QA test phase, the user needs detect subtle patterns of varying size, contrast and average luminance level. It is extremely important to accurately quantify performance of the algorithm. For this purpose extensive tests have been performed. Multiple devices have been evaluated for various lighting conditions and viewing angles. The group of test user consisted of both non-clinical and clinical people. Results show that the algorithm consistently is able to calibrate an IPad device to DICOM GSDF with an average deviation smaller than 5% for indoor use and smaller than 12% for outdoor use. Tests have also shown that the algorithm is very reproducible and that there is little difference in performance between users.

关键词： Calibration Visualization Light sources and illumination algorithm development Medical imaging Image quality Medicine Tablets Image quality standards Mobile devices

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