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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm Development"

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Quantum lattice gas algorithm for quantum turbulence and vortex reconnection in the gross-pitaevskii equation

Quantum lattice gas algorithm for quantum turbulence and vor...

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Conference on Quantum Information and Computation VI

作者： Vahala, George Yepez, Jeffrey Vahala, Linda William & Mary Dept Phys Williamsburg VA 23185 USA Air Force Res Lab Bedford MA USA Old Dominion Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Norfolk VA 23529 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471673

The ground state wave function for a Bose Einstein condensate is well described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. A Type-II quantum algorithm is devised that is ideally parallelized even on a classical computer. Only 2 qubits are required per spatial node. With unitary local collisions, streaming of entangled states and a spatially inhomogeneous unitary gauge rotation one recovers the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Quantum vortex reconnection is simulated - even without any viscosity or resistivity (which are needed in classical vortex reconnection).

关键词： Turbulence Quantum computing Quantum communications Physics Fluid dynamics algorithm development Entangled states Numerical simulations Quantum information Quantum physics

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Video compression with tunable complexity via flexible syntax design

Video compression with tunable complexity via flexible synta...

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Conference on Visual Communications and Image Processing 2008

作者： Liu, Yuxin (Zoe) Mukheriee, Debargha Hewlett Packard Labs Palo Alto CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469946

Codecs such as H.264/AVC involve computationally intensive tasks that often prohibit the real-time implementation. It has been observed that the complexity of such video encoders can be tuned gracefully to a desired level through the use of a smaller set of macroblock types in mode decision and a lower motion vector precision in motion estimation. The rate-distortion performance, however, will be affected consequently. In this paper, we propose a flexible syntax mechanism (FSM) to tune the encoder complexity while maintaining a sufficient rate-distortion performance. The key idea inherit in the proposed FSM consists of two folds: first is the specification at the higher level of the bitstream syntax both the subset of macroblock types and the precision of motion vectors to be evaluated by the encoder, and second is the redesign of the entropy coders accordingly to effectively represent the selected macroblock types and the motion vectors. Since the entropy coding is optimized in terms of the bitrate consumption specifically for the subset of macroblock modes and the motion vector precision, the rate-distortion performance will be enhanced compared to the scenario where identical entropy codes are adopted regardless. Another advantage of our approach is the intrinsic scalability in complexity for the application of video encoding under different complexity constraints. The proposed approach may be considered for the next generation of video codecs with flexible complexity profiles.

关键词： Computer programming Video coding Video Video compression Motion estimation Quantization algorithm development Binary data Image filtering Mobile devices

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The use of x-band radar to support the detection of in-flight icing hazards by the NASA Icing Remote Sensing System

The use of x-band radar to support the detection of in-fligh...

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Conference on Remote Sensing Applications for Aviation Weather Hazard Detection and Decision Support

作者： Serke, David J. Politovich, Marcia K. Reehorst, Andrew L. Gaydos, Andy NCAR Appl Res Lab Boulder CO 80305 USA NCAR Res Applicat Lab Boulder CO 80305 USA NASA Glenn Res Ctr Cleveland OH 44135 USA NCAR Res Applicat Lab Boulder CO 80305 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819473080

In-flight icing hazards from supercooled small drops, drizzle and freezing rain pose a threat to all aircraft. Several products have been developed to provide hazard warning of in-flight icing to the aviation community. NCAR's Current Icing Product¹ (CIP) was developed to provide a near-realtime assessment of the hazard presented by supercooled liquid water (SLW) aloft in an algorithm that combines data from satellites, the Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) model, the national 2-D composite of S-band NEXRAD radar reflectivity, surface observations and pilot reports (PIREPs). NIRSS² (Fig. 1) was developed by NASA to provide a ground-based, qualitative in-flight icing hazard assessment in the airport environment with commercially available instrumentation. The system utilizes a multichannel radiometer³, built by Radiometrics Corporation, to derive the temperature profile and integrated liquid water (ILW). NIRSS's radar is a modified airborne X-band model WU-870 made by Honeywell. The ceilometer used is a standard Vaisala CT25K Laser Ceilometer. The data from the vertically pointing ceilometer and X-band radar are only used to define the cloud bases and tops. The liquid water content (LWC) is then distributed within the cloud layers by the system software. A qualitative icing hazard profile is produced where the vertical temperature is between 0 and -20°C and there is measurable LWC.

关键词： Particles X band Radar Liquids Clouds Crystals Remote sensing Liquid crystals Sensing systems algorithm development

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Performance analysis of visual tracking algorithms for motion-based user interfaces: On mobile devices

Performance analysis of visual tracking algorithms for motio...

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Conference on Multimedia on Mobile Devices 2008

作者： Winkler, Stefan Rangaswamy, Karthik Tedjokusumo, Jefry Zhou, ZhiYing Natl Univ Singapore Dept Elect & Comp Engn Interact Multimedia Lab Singapore 117576 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469939

Determining the self-motion of a camera is useful for many applications. A number of visual motion-tracking algorithms have been developed till date, each with their own-advantages and restrictions. Some of them have also made their foray into the mobile world, powering augmented reality-based applications on phones with inbuilt cameras. In this paper, we compare the performances of three feature or landmark-guided motion tracking algorithms, namely marker-based tracking with MXRToolkit, face tracking based on CamShift, and MonoSLAM. We analyze and compare the complexity, accuracy, sensitivity, robustness and restrictions of each of the above methods. Our performance tests are conducted over two stages: The first stage of testing uses video sequences created with simulated camera movements along the six degrees of freedom in order to compare accuracy in tracking, while the second stage analyzes the robustness of the algorithms by testing for manipulative factors like image scaling and frame-skipping.

关键词： Cameras Detection and tracking algorithms algorithm development Mobile devices Cell phones Error analysis Human-machine interfaces Optical tracking Video Visualization

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Optimal excitation wavelengths for discrimination of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vitro

Optimal excitation wavelengths for discrimination of nasopha...

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Conference on Optics in Health Care and Biomedical Opticals III

作者： Lin, Lisheng Yang, Fuwen Li, Buhong Xie, Shusen Nanjin Mil Area Command Chinese PLA Fuzhou Gen Hosp Dept Otorhinolaryngol Fuzhou 350025 Fujian Peoples R China Fujian Normal Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Optoelect Sci & Technol Med Fuzhou 350007 Fujian Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780819470010

Measurement of excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and normal nasopharyngeal tissues in vitro was employed to determine the optimal excitation wavelengths that contain the most diagnostic information for optical diagnosis. Pathologically confirmed normal nasopharyngeal and NPC tissues(n=47) were obtained from 25 patients undergoing surgical biopsy. The autofluorescence EEMs of tissue biopsies were recorded with a TCSPC spectrofluorimeter. Fluorescence excitation wavelengths varied from 260 to 500 run, and the corresponding fluorescence emission spectra were recorded from a range starting 20 nm above the excitation wavelength and extending to 700 nm. The calibration for different EEMs measurements was performed for quantitative comparison. As a result, we find that the excitation-emission pair of 340-380 nm yields the best performance for discrimination of NPC tissues with the sensitivity and specificity of 77.2% and 88.0%, respectively.

关键词： Tissues Luminescence In vitro testing algorithm development Biopsy Diagnostics Monochromators Tissue optics Lithium Medicine

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Where-Fi: A dynamic energy-efficient multimedia distribution framework for MANETs

Where-Fi: A dynamic energy-efficient multimedia distribution...

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15th Conference on Multimedia Computing and Networking 2008

作者： Mohapatra, Shivajit Carbunar, Bogdan Pearce, Michael Chaudhri, Rohit Vasudevan, Venu Motorola Labs Schaumburg IL 60196 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469908

Next generation mobile ad-hoc applications will revolve around users' need for sharing content/presence information with co-located devices. However, keeping such information fresh requires frequent meta-data exchanges, which could result in significant energy overheads. To address this issue, we propose distributed algorithms for energy efficient dissemination of presence and content usage information between nodes in mobile ad-hoc networks. First, we introduce a content dissemination protocol (called CPMP) for effectively distributing frequent small meta-data updates between co-located devices using multicast. We then develop two distributed algorithms that use the CPMP protocol to achieve "phase locked" wake up cycles for all the participating nodes in the network. The first algorithm is designed for fully-connected networks and then extended in the second to handle hidden terminals. The "phase locked" schedules are then exploited to adaptively transition the network interface to a deep sleep state for energy savings. We have implemented a prototype system (called "Where-Fi") on several Motorola Linux-based cell phone models. Our experimental results show that for all network topologies our algorithms were able to achieve "phase locking" between nodes even in the presence of hidden terminals. Moreover, we achieved battery lifetime extensions-of as much as 28% for fully-connected networks and about 20% for partially-connected networks.

关键词： Picture Archiving and Communication System Interfaces Clocks Multimedia algorithm development Cell phones Ecosystems Mobile devices Mode locking Switching

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An FBP image reconstruction algorithm for x-ray differential phase contrast CT

An FBP image reconstruction algorithm for x-ray differential...

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Medical Imaging 2008 Conference

作者： Qi, Zhihua Chen, Guang-Hong Univ Wisconsin Dept Med Phys Madison WI 53704 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819470973

Most recently, a novel data acquisition method has been proposed and experimentally implemented for x-ray differential phase contrast computed tomography (DPC-CT), in which a conventional x-ray tube and a Talbot-Lau type interferometer were utilized in data acquisition. The divergent nature of the data acquisition system requires a divergent-beam image reconstruction algorithm for DPC-CT. This paper focuses on addressing this image reconstruction issue. We developed a filtered backprojection algorithm to directly reconstruct the DPC-CT images from acquired projection data. The developed algorithm allows one to directly reconstruct the decrement of the real part of the refractive index from the measured data. In order to accurately reconstruct an image, the data need to be acquired over an angular range of at least 180 degrees plus the fan-angle. Different from the parallel beam data acquisition and reconstruction methods, a 180 degrees rotation angle for data acquisition system does not provide sufficient data for an accurate reconstruction of the entire filed of view. Numerical simulations have been conducted to validate the image reconstruction algorithm.

关键词： Data acquisition Image restoration Reconstruction algorithms X-rays Fluctuations and noise Sensors Phase contrast X-ray imaging algorithm development Absorption

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A secure workflow-based automated research manager

A secure workflow-based automated research manager

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Conference on Visual Information Processing XVII

作者： Riek, Jonathan K. Wemett, Brian D. Keefer, Dale A. Weetman, Robert J. Mazzola, Anthony F. Leathers, Robert A. Downes, Trijntje V. VirtualScopics Inc 500 Linden Oaks Rochester NY 14625 USA US Naval Res Lab Opt Sci Div Washington DC 20375 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471697

Designing and testing algorithms to process hyperspectral imagery is a difficult process due to the sheer volume of the data that needs to be analyzed. It is not only time-consuming and memory-intensive, but also consumes a great amount of disk space and is difficult to track the results. We present a system that addresses these issues by storing all information in a centralized database, routing the processing of the data to compute servers, and presenting an intuitive interface for running experiments on multiple images with varying parameters.

关键词： hyperspectral image processing system distributed computing algorithm development secure database

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Exact and approximate cone-beam reconstruction algorithms for C-arm based cone-beam CT using a two-concentric-arc source trajectory

Exact and approximate cone-beam reconstruction algorithms fo...

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Medical Imaging 2008 Conference

作者： Zhuang, Tingliang Zambelli, Joseph Nett, Brian Leng, Shuai Chen, Guang-Hong Univ Wisconsin Dept Med Phys Madison WI 53792 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819470973

In this paper, we present shift-invariant filtered backprojection (FBP) cone-beam image reconstruction algorithms for a cone-beam CT system based on a clinical C-arm gantry. The source trajectory consists of two concentric arcs which is complete in the sense that the Tuy data sufficiency condition is satisfied. This scanning geometry is referred to here as a CC geometry (each are is shaped like the letter "C"). The challenge for image reconstruction for the CC geometry is that the image volume is not well populated by the familiar doubly measured (DM) lines. Thus, the well-known DM-line based image reconstruction schemes are not appropriate for the CC geometry. Our starting point is a general reconstruction formula developed by Pack and Noo which is not dependent on the existence of DM-lines. For a specific scanning geometry, the filtering lines must be carefully selected to satisfy the Pack-Noo condition for mathematically exact reconstruction. The new points in this paper are summarized here. (1) A mathematically exact cone-beam reconstruction algorithm was formulated for the CC geometry by utilizing the Pack-Noo image reconstruction scheme. One drawback of the developed exact algorithm is that it does not solve the long-object problem. (2) We developed an approximate image reconstruction algorithm by deforming the filtering lines so that the long object problem is solved while the reconstruction accuracy is maintained. (3) In addition to numerical phantom experiments to validate the developed image reconstruction algorithms, we also validate our algorithms using physical phantom experiments on a clinical C-arm system.

关键词： Reconstruction algorithms algorithm development Image restoration Sensors Image filtering Data acquisition Detection and tracking algorithms Optical filters Computed tomography X-ray computed tomography

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Efficiency evaluation of proposed EAGLE target acquisition systems

Efficiency evaluation of proposed EAGLE target acquisition s...

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Conference on Modeling, Systems Engineering and Project Management for Astronomy III

作者： Taylor, William D. Evans, Chris Schnetler, Hermine Royal Observ United Kingdom Astron Technol Ctr Edinburgh EH9 3HJ Midlothian Scotland

ISBN: (纸本)9780819472274

Efficient assignment of science targets to the individual channels of a multi-object astronomical instrument, such as EAGLE for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT), is crucial for maximising the utility of the instrument. This paper presents the results obtained by modelling the efficiencies of various pick-off system concepts: free standing Pick-Off Mirrors (POMs), POMs at the tip of moving arms, or a tiled focal plane. Consideration is also taken of the way in which the freestanding POMs are placed: by a pick and place robot, or a swarm of micro autonomous robots. Allocation algorithms were developed for each concept and applied to target fields which arc representative of EAGLE's likely science cases. It is shown how the results of the modelling were used to generate a new system comparison criterion called Allocation Flexibility and how this influences the choice of the baseline solution. The allocation flexibility suggests that the best system will use tree standing POMs with as small a footprint as possible, which reflect light to a raised beam steering mirror.

关键词： Mirrors Target acquisition Modeling Telescopes Astronomy Beam steering algorithm development Atmospheric optics Channel projecting optics Galactic astronomy

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