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Conference on Imaging Spectrometry IX

作者： Bowles, J Chen, W Gillis, D USN Res Lab Remote Sensing Div Washington DC 20375 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450324

The Optical Real-time Adaptive Spectral Identification System (ORASIS) continues to be developed by the Naval Research Laboratory. Recently, new methods to compress hyperspectral data using ORASIS in combination with wavelets have been demonstrated. Variations on this approach continue to be pursued and will be discussed. In addition, a new method to perform target identification based on Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) has been demonstrated. When projected into a reduced dimension space, angles between spectra are not conserved. Proper determination of the dimensions and coordinates of the subspace can result in maximizing the angles between a spectrum of interest and the general background. This approach can be used for target identification where the "target" can be a rare spectrum or something found in the general background. Recent improvements to these methods, as well as new applications of the software, are discussed.

关键词： algorithm development Wavelets Detection and tracking algorithms Target detection Error analysis RGB color model Sensors Signal to noise ratio Target recognition Analytical research

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development of an algorithm for the analysis of surface defects in mechanical elements

Development of an algorithm for the analysis of surface defe...

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Conference on Machine Vision Systems for Inspection and Metrology VII

作者： Fargione, G Geraci, AL Pennisi, L Risitano, A Univ Catania Fac Ingn Meccan Ist Macchine I-95125 Catania Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0819429821

The non-destructive tests (NDT) allow to establish the physical and structural conditions of a mechanical part, to verify its condition, the superficial wear and tear and then evaluate its "remaining" efficiency. The non-destructive tests are applied in all those fields of engineering in which the determination of the mechanical and structural characteristics of elements in use is requested, without making them undergo destructive or damaging tests. In the present work an application program has been developed which, examining the surface of mechanical parts under an optical microscope and a blaster video, is able to characterise the material and to recognise and identify the possible presence of a superficial crack. The program constitutes the first step towards the realisation of an industrial prototype which, thanks to the utilisation of a plan moved by step-by-step motors, allows the scanning of the whole surface of a part and the recognition of the crack in an automatic way, that is without the presence of an operator, and its characterisation, in case it is identified, through the determination of some geometric parameters useful to ascertain the structural integrity of the element under examination. For the realisation of the program different techniques of image analysis have been applied and the use of an artificial neural network preset for the recognition of the crack has been necessary. The program has been realised in C language and it works in Linux system.

关键词： Image processing Image segmentation Image analysis Light sources and illumination Nondestructive evaluation algorithm development Neural networks Hough transforms Digital imaging Image acquisition

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development of an algorithm for the Cascade of Vuoksin HPPs Automated Transfer to Parallel Operation with Nordel

Development of an Algorithm for the Cascade of Vuoksin HPPs ...

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IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EIConRus)

作者： Sinianskii, Ivan V. Goriachevskii, Konstantin S. Popov, Maxim G. Sci & Tech Ctr Unified Power Syst St Petersburg Russia Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ St Petersburg Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728103396

The article analyzes the work and proposes the introduction of an automated transfer of generators to parallel operation with Nordel and their reverse return to parallel operation from the Unified Power System of Russia with the short-term inclusion of the Unified Power System of Russia and Nordel to parallel operation, which allows switching without stopping the generators and return them into idle speed. The conducted studies show the relevance and wide applicability of special automation, allowing to extend equipment life and minimize the reduction in power output that occurs when equipment is shut down.

关键词： short-term parallel operation power unit transfer algorithm development

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Three methods for extracting respiratory rate from speckle plethysmography

Three methods for extracting respiratory rate from speckle p...

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BiOS

作者： M. H. Hoogeveen I. Lorato J. Herranz Olazabal J. Morales E. Hermeling imec (Netherlands)

ISBN: (纸本)9781510683747

Speckle plethysmography (SPG) is a novel technique for acquiring physiological data using laser speckle imaging. It is a promising signal modality for measuring vital signs both through contact and remote methods. Compared to photoplethysmography (PPG), SPG is more robust, being less sensitive to variations in ambient light and skin melanin content, while offering a superior signal-to-noise ratio. These attributes make SPG an attractive alternative for continuous monitoring in wearable or contact configurations. SPG has demonstrated reliability in extracting heart rate and heart rate variability, with results comparable to established gold standards. However, its application for respiratory rate (RR) detection remains unexplored. This study addresses this gap by extracting RR from SPG signals through the analysis of three key features: baseline wander, frequency modulation, and amplitude modulation. These techniques are commonly employed in the extraction of respiratory modulations from PPG signals. SPG data were collected using a contact sensor equipped with a near-infrared laser and a camera in reflective mode. Ten healthy volunteers participated in the study, placing their fingers on the SPG sensor. An algorithm was developed to extract RR by quantifying baseline, amplitude and frequency changes in the signals and was tested during phases of spontaneous and paced breathing. The extracted RR was compared to measurements obtained from respiratory belt signals, which were used as reference standard. During spontaneous breathing, for SPG a mean absolute error of 1.67 was observed with a Pearsons r of 0.68 for baseline wander of the peak as compared to the respiratory belt. Our results indicate that SPG effectively detects respiratory activity with accuracy comparable to the reference method. These results position SPG as an interesting modality for respiratory monitoring, further expanding its versatility in optical sensing applications.

关键词： Frequency modulation Amplitude modulation Beam propagation method Sensors algorithm development Speckle Signal detection Bandpass filters Reflection Photoplethysmography Vital signs

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AMSR/AMSR-E level 2 and 3 algorithm developments and data validation plans of NASDA

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING 2003年第2期41卷 195-203页

作者： Shibata, A Imaoka, K Koike, T Natl Space Dev Agcy Japan Earth Observat Res Ctr Tokyo 1046023 Japan Meteorol Res Inst Tsukuba Ibaraki 3050052 Japan Univ Tokyo Dept Civil Engn Bunkyo Ku Tokyo 1138656 Japan

In 2002, two spaceborne microwave radiometers were launched to provide new observation data. One sensor is the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR), aboard the Advanced Earth Observing Satellite-II (ADEOS-II) of the National Space development Agency of Japan (NASDA). The other is AMSR-E, aboard Aqua of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). AMSR and AMSR-E are almost identical sensors, and have lower frequencies 6 and 10 GHz, in comparison with preceding sensors, such as the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I). In addition to geophysical products currently retrieved from the SSM/I, new products of sea surface temperature and soil moisture have been retrieved from AMSR and AMSR-E by using those lower frequencies. Eleven Principal Investigators were assigned by NASDA to develop algorithms to retrieve geophysical products, and their programs have been installed at the Earth Observation Research Center of NASDA. Geophysical products are currently being validated by several methods, such as using existing in situ data, employing instruments in field observations, and comparing data with other sensor's data.

关键词： algorithm development data validation microwave remote sensing passive sensor

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Developing breast dense tissue segmentation algorithm in digital breast tomosynthesis

Developing breast dense tissue segmentation algorithm in dig...

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SPIE Medical Imaging

作者： Md Belayat Hossain Tamerlan Mustafaev Robert M. Nishikawa Juhun Lee Southern Illinois Univ. (United States) Univ. of Pittsburgh (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)9781510685925

Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) is an imaging modality that has proven to more effective for breast cancer screening, which is important for reducing mortality. However, existing studies on segmenting dense tissue in DBT remain limited, largely due to the challenges posed by the complexity of multi-slice variations, blurring, and out-of-plane artifacts. This study introduced a fully automated dense tissue segmentation algorithm in DBT image using a fully convolutional network. We employed 20 DBT scans from 20 normal patients (BIRADS 1) from the Breast-Cancer-Screening-DBT dataset. For establishing ground truth, one radiologist segmented breast dense tissue, and breast area mask in every slice of each DBT volume. We preprocessed each DBT volume slice-by-slice. Finally, we constructed 3-channel images (ground truth masks) by assigning breast area, fatty and dense area into R, G, B channels. Using the DBT images and ground truth, we fine-tuned the SegNet pretrained for segmenting breast density from 2D mammograms to segment both the breast and the fibroglandular areas in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) images. Using a test set, we achieved a dice score of 0.84±0.08, where a recent study reported a dice score of 0.76±0.16 for dense tissue segmentation in DBT. Our model performed better than the other models in the DBT.

关键词： Digital breast tomosynthesis Image segmentation Breast algorithm development Breast density Mammography Deep learning

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Maintaining optimum performance for beam alignment at the National Ignition Facility

Maintaining optimum performance for beam alignment at the Na...

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LASE

作者： Abdul A. S. Awwal Roger R. Lowe-Webb Edmund Liu Peter S. Ray Avi Thomas Bela Praful Patel Daniel H. Kalantar Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)9781510684348

Automatic alignment plays a crucial role in aligning 192 laser beams in the National Ignition Facility to achieve inertial confinement fusion by irradiating a millimeter scale fusion target within a 50-micron alignment accuracy. Cameras placed along the beam path capture the images that are processed by image processing algorithms to measure the position of a beam for subsequent adjustment. Each algorithm is implemented with three main components: an off-normal detector, an algorithm, and an uncertainty quantifier. While the algorithm estimates the position of the beam from the image, the off-normal detector ensures that the beam-feature is legitimate and not spurious noise. Many algorithms operate with externally defined parameters that can be optimized based on the condition or statistics of any specific beamline image. These operating conditions are constantly changing as camera pixels are exposed to neutron radiation during high-yield, inertial confinement fusion experiments. Consequently, periodic off-line tests, online tests, and simulations are performed to predict how pixel degradation or changes of imaging conditions affect alignment accuracy. Hardware aging, camera noise, artifacts from spurious light sources and reflections, and ongoing replacement of critical optics are challenges that must be addressed on a continual basis. The objective of this work is to describe these ongoing efforts that demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the automatic alignment system. We show examples from laser beam alignment, target-diagnostics alignment, and the second/third harmonic generator angle adjustment. As a result of these maintenance activities, we have identified that the automatic alignment algorithms need to be updated periodically, and specific image processing parameters need to be optimized to match the current imaging conditions of specific beamlines for specific alignment tasks.

关键词： Image processing National Ignition Facility Automatic alignment Cameras Detection and tracking algorithms Reflection Simulations algorithm development Second harmonic generation Light sources and illumination

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Zero-shot OCT segmentation for volumetric and live-streaming data

Zero-shot OCT segmentation for volumetric and live-streaming...

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BiOS

作者： Kaixiang Zhang Haoran Zhang Qi Lan Zesen Chen Shuo Yin Yongqi Wei Zehao Wang Jianlong Yang Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ. (China)

ISBN: (纸本)9781510683587

Deep-learning-based OCT segmentation methods are accurate but less flexible (need re-labeling and re-training) for unseen and varying Regions Of Interest (ROIs), which hinders their applications in many scenarios, such as surgical and navigation. Inspired by the recent emerging large vision models and their zero-shot capabilities (directly applicable to unseen ROIs), we propose a zero-shot OCT segmentation method. For volumetric and live-streaming data, it only requires the box or point prompts of ROIs at the first frame, then subsequent frames could be segmented automatically. To test the zero-shot capabilities of our method, we used data from completely different sources as the training set and test set in our experiments. Its superiority has been verified on publicly-available OCT datasets and the datasets collected via our home-built OCT systems. Along with the excellent generalization capability, our method also combines the high accuracy and real-time advantages of deep learning, which makes it promising to become a general-purpose analysis tool in the graphical user interface of OCT devices.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography Image segmentation Education and training Visual process modeling Feature extraction Data modeling algorithm development Biomedical applications Deep learning Imaging systems

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Optimizing drug-resistant epilepsy identification in the Veterans Health Administration

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Epilepsy Research 2025年 214卷 107568-107568页

作者： Haneef, Zulfi Eisenschenk, Stephan Lopez, Maria R. Hildebrand, Andrea Rehman, Rizwana Gopinath Karicheri, Sruthi Coutts, Marcella A. Khan, Omar I. Kellogg, Marissa Epilepsy Centers of Excellence. Veterans Administration Central Office Washington DC United States Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center Houston 77030 TX United States Baylor College of Medicine Houston 77030 TX United States Malcolm Randall VA Medical Center Gainesville 32608 FL United States University of Florida Health Gainesville 32610 FL United States Bruce Carter VA Medical Center Miami 33125 FL United States Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami 33125 FL United States Portland VA Healthcare System Portland 97239 OR United States Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) Portland 97239 OR United States Durham VA Healthcare System Durham 27705 NC United States Maryland VA Healthcare System Baltimore 21201 MD United States

Background: Accurate identification of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is crucial for accurate disease measurement, effective clinical intervention and improved patient outcomes. Prior attempts to define DRE in administrative data using the 2010 International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) criteria have faced complexities. Methods: This retrospective study utilized national administrative data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) to identify patients with possible DRE. This was a multicenter national cohort that uses a common, non-commercial medical record system. A panel of six epileptologists conducted chart reviews to identify DRE using the 2010 ILAE criteria. Logistic regression was used to analyze epilepsy-related variables of interest to develop algorithms identifying DRE. Results: Among 260 included patients, 93 (35.8 %) had DRE, 148 (56.9 %) did not have DRE, and 19 (7.3 %) were undetermined. Out of 96 algorithms assessed, the best-performing algorithm had a high accuracy (F1 score=0.726) and defined DRE as those on ≥ 3 ASMs in addition to those on ≥ 2 ASMs for ≥ 365 days with at least one intractable ICD code. The algorithm demonstrated high sensitivity (0.74), specificity (0.81), and area under the curve (AUC 0.78). Factors such as age, number of ASMs, EEG, and MRI procedures, and intractable epilepsy ICD codes were associated with DRE. Discussion: Our optimal algorithm for DRE identification is like previously published algorithms that determined the importance of number and duration of ASMs. However, it differs in the particular combination of factors that best identified DRE. These differences highlight the importance of fine-tuning algorithms for specific care settings. Further validation in a larger, more heterogenous cohort are needed to determine our algorithm's applicability and potential impact. © 2025

关键词： algorithm development Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) ILAE 2010 criteria Veterans Health Administration (VHA)

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development OF A NOVEL algorithm TO CALCULATE THE OPTIC PROPERTIES OF TEMPORAL AEROSOLS THROUGH REMOTE SENSING DATA MEASUREMENTS: PROSPECTIVE STUDY

DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL ALGORITHM TO CALCULATE THE OPTIC PROP...

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IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

作者： Gloria Elena Faus-Landeros Ivan E. Villalon-Turrubiates Edward A. Celarier Dianne Q. Robinson ITESM Campus Guadalajara Zapopan Jalisco ITESO Universidad Jesuita de Guadalajara NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Hampton University

ISBN: (纸本)9781467311601

Satellite' sensors as well as ground-based sun photometers instruments surface are utilized gather data about the quantitative composition of components in the Earth's atmosphere. The relationships among these components produce effects in different phenomena, like regional climate change. Aerosols, consisting of particles from 0.01 to 10 μm, are atmosphere components, whose effects are still poorly understood. Through Remote Sensing, it is possible to classify them and gain information about their role in different atmospheric processes: low visibility, solar energy balance, cloud formation and increases or decreases of the quantity of precipitation. This paper describes how the study and analysis of satellite-based and ground-based measurements can be used to develop and validate a novel procedure to calculate the optical properties of temporal aerosols found in and around Guadalajara, based on previous algorithms:, to determine the aerosol size distribution function, scattering phase function, single scattering albedo, complex refractive index and asymmetry parameter. The quantifiable knowledge about the temporal and regional aerosols' optical properties will contribute to future investigations related to their quantitative effects on atmospheric processes in this region. These effects include: alteration of weather and climate, change of the tropospheric temperature, contribution to environmental ills, the formation and properties of the clouds, effects on the ecosystems, local solar energy balance, and the impacts on human health.

关键词： Photometry Remote Sensing Aerosols Aerosol's optical properties NASA satellite data inter comparison algorithm development

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