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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm Development"

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Compression-based steganalysis of LSB embedded images

Compression-based steganalysis of LSB embedded images

引用

Conference on Security, Steganography and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents VIII

作者： Boncelet, C Marvel, L Raglin, A Univ Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819461121

We present a new method of steganalysis, the detection of hidden messages, for least significant bits (LSB) replacement embedding. The method uses lossless image compression algorithms to model images bitplane by bitplane. The basic premise is that messages hidden by replacing LSBs of image pixels do not possess the same statistical properties and are therefore likely to be incompressible by compressors designed for images. In fact, the hidden data are usually compressed files themselves that may or may not be encrypted. In either case, the hidden messages are incompressible. In this work, we study three image compressors, one a standard and two we developed. The results are that many images can be eliminated as having possible steganographic content since the LSBs compress more than a hidden message typically would.

关键词： Image compression Steganalysis Steganography Bridges Detection and tracking algorithms algorithm development Analytical research Image filtering Image quality standards Standards development

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Adoption, impact, and vision of Model-Based Design

Adoption, impact, and vision of Model-Based Design

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Conference on Modeling and Simulation for Military Applications

作者： Jackson, David Tannenbaum, Bruce Jachimczyk, Witold The MathWorks 3 Apple Hill Dr Natick MA 01760 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819462845

Model-Based Design streamlines system development by enabling engineers to model systems, perform fast simulations, manage timing behavior, migrate designs from floating-point to fixed-point data types, automatically generate code, and perform testing and verification. In Model-Based Design, a system model is at the center of the development process-from requirements capture and design to implementation and test. Through integrated simulation, the model becomes an executable specification that allows design trade-offs to be quickly explored before investing in costly hardware implementations. For example, in a video tracking system, is simple background subtraction sufficient or would optical flow be more robust? Which of the optical flow algorithms provides enough precision without exceeding processor performance headroom? Once the floating-point or golden reference model is complete, Model-Based Design eases the migration to fixed-point data types with built-in tools to control finite word effects. Tools for automatic code generation ease the implementation of embedded systems, saving time and avoiding the introduction of hand-coding errors. Model-Based Design enables test and verification to occur continuously throughout the development cycle. When errors and problems are discovered early, it is less expensive to fix them and it is less likely that they will represent a significant delay to a development schedule.

关键词： Model-Based Design algorithm development automatic code generation simulation modeling image processing video system design

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Image data transfer over the Internet protocol for air quality studies

Image data transfer over the Internet protocol for air quali...

引用

Conference on algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XII

作者： Wong, C. J. Lim, H. S. MatJafri, M. Z. Abdullah, K. Univ Sains Malaysia Sch Phys Minden 11800 Penang Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)0819462896

Modem digital technology allows image data transfer over the internet protocol, which provides real time observation and more frequent air quality studies can be carried at multi locational simultaneously. The objective of this study is to evaluate the suitability of using internet protocol camera to transfer image data, and then these data were analysed using a developed algorithm to determine air quality information. The concentrations of particulate matter of size less than 10 micron (PM10) were collected simultaneously with the image data acquisitions. The atmospheric reflectance components were subtracted from their corresponding recorded radiance values for algorithm regression analysis. The proposed algorithm produced high correlation coefficient (R) and low root-mean square error (RMS) values. The efficiency of the present algorithm, in comparison to other forms of algorithm, was also investigated. Based on the values of the correlation coefficient and root-mean-square deviation, the proposed algorithm is considered superior. The accuracy of using IP camera data was compared with a normal digital camera, Kodak DC290 data in this study. This preliminary study gave promising results of air quality studies over USM campus by using internet protocol data.

关键词： Reflectivity Image quality Atmospheric particles Digital cameras Digital imaging Internet IP cameras Atmospheric modeling Aerosols algorithm development

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Profiles for evaluation - the usage of audio WET

Profiles for evaluation - the usage of audio WET

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Conference on Security, Steganography and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents VIII

作者： Lang, A Dittmann, J Univ Magdeburg Working Grp Adv Multimedia & Secur D-39106 Magdeburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819461121

The evaluation of digital watermarks is an active and important research area. From the variety there are different types of attacks like geometric attacks, lossy compression, security or protocol attacks [1, 2] available to evaluate the robustness of digital watermarks. Furthermore, different attack strategies like single attacks or profile attacks are known to improve the evaluation process [3]. If for example, the robustness of a water-marking algorithm is evaluated, then the signal of the audio content and the embedded watermark is modified with the goal to remove or weaken the watermark information. In this paper, the focus is set on audio signals. We introduce the evaluation process of an existing benchmark service, the Audio Watermark Evaluation Testbed (Audio WET) [4] by evaluating five different audio watermarking algorithms, which work in time, frequency and wavelet domain. Therefore, we introduce basic, extended and application profiles which improve the evaluation of watermarking algorithms to provide comparability. Whereas the basic profiles measure single properties on a watermarking algorithm, the extended and application profiles reflect real world application scenarios. Furthermore a test scenario and test environment for the evaluation of five audio watermarking algorithms by using basic profiles is described and discussed. The test results of the first evaluation by using basic profiles are introduced and a comparison of the evaluated watermarking algorithms using different parameter sets for embedding function is provided.

关键词： Digital watermarking Signal processing Transparency Wavelets Image compression algorithm development Signal detection Detection and tracking algorithms Information security Time metrology

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Enhancing the resolution of spectral images

Enhancing the resolution of spectral images

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Conference on algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XII

作者： Blake, Travis F. Goda, Matthew E. Cain, Stephen C. Jerkatis, Kenneth J. US Air Force Inst Technol 2950 Hobson Way Wright Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA Boeing LTS Kihei HI 97653 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819462896

This research continues the development of the Model-Based Spectral Image Deconvolution (MBSID) algorithm first presented elsewhere.(1) The deconvolution algorithm is based on statistical estimation and is used to spectrally deconvolve images collected from a spectral imaging sensor. The development of the algorithm requires only two key elements, 1) the statistics of the photon arrival and 2) an in-depth knowledge of the spectral imaging sensor. With these two elements, the MBSID algorithm can, through image post-processing, increase the spectral resolution of the images. While MBSID algorithms can be developed for any spectral imaging system, this research focuses on an algorithm developed for ASIS (AEOS Spectral Imaging Sensor), a new spectral imaging sensor installed with the 3.6m Advanced Electro-Optical System (AEOS) telescope at the Maui Space Surveillance Complex (MSSC). The primary purpose of ASIS is to take spatially resolved spectral images of space objects. The stringent requirements associated with imaging these objects, especially the low-light levels and object motion, required a sensor design with less spectral resolution-than required for image analysis. However, by applying MBSID to the collected data, the sensor will be capable of achieving a much higher spectral resolution, allowing for better spectral analysis of the space object. Before the algorithm is used on data collected with ASIS, it is proven with data collected using a set-up similar to that of ASIS. The lab data successfully shows that the MBSID algorithm can improve both the spatial and spectral resolution for a collected spectral image.

关键词： algorithm development Sensors Spectral resolution Imaging spectroscopy Reconstruction algorithms Image sensors Deconvolution Computer simulations Solids Spectral models

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Light-weight cyptography for resource constrained environments

Light-weight cyptography for resource constrained environmen...

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Conference on Independent Component Analyses, Wavelets, Unsupervised Smart Sensor, and Neural Networks IV

作者： Baier, Patrick Szu, Harold George Washington Univ RF Digital Media Lab 725 23rd St NW Washington DC 20037 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819463035

We give a survey of "light-weight" encryption algorithms designed to maximise security within tight resource constraints (limited memory, power consumption, processor speed, chip area, etc.) The target applications of such algorithms are RFIDs, smart cards, mobile phones, etc., which may store, process and transmit sensitive data. but at the same time do not always support conventional strong algorithms. A survey of existing algorithms is given and new proposal is introduced.

关键词： Computer security Cryptanalysis Computing systems Detection and tracking algorithms algorithm development Data storage Standards development Biometrics Cryptography Cell phones

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Human vision based detection of non-uniform brightness on LCD panels

Human vision based detection of non-uniform brightness on LC...

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Conference on Machine Vision Applications in Industrial Inspection XIV

作者： Kim, JH Barsky, BA Pukyong Natl Univ Div Image Informat Engn Pusan 608739 South Korea Univ Calif Berkeley Sch Optometry Div Comp Sci Berkeley CA 94720 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819461105

We propose a method to detect defects due to spatially non-uniform brightness on LCD panels by using a machine vision technique. The detection method is based on human vision so that proper subjective assessment experiments were conducted to investigate the correlation between the parameters related to non-uniformity and the degree how easily observable it is. The visibility of the defects reveals to depend mainly on the spatial gradient of brightness variation. Thus, in the proposed method, the spatial gradient that is calculated by using extracted contours will be utilized to detect the defects due to non-uniform brightness. The detection method comprises four parts: contour extraction, spatial gradient calculation, decision of defects, and display of defects. We applied the method to the images captured from practical LCD panels with non-uniformity defects and the results were consistent with detection by a human inspector.

关键词： LCDs Defect detection Visibility Human vision and color perception Inspection Machine vision Image filtering algorithm development Image quality Visual system

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Authenticity and privacy of a team of mini-UAVs by means of nonlinear recursive shuffling

Authenticity and privacy of a team of mini-UAVs by means of ...

引用

Conference on Independent Component Analyses, Wavelets, Unsupervised Smart Sensor, and Neural Networks IV

作者： Szu, Harold Hsu, Ming-Kai Baier, Patrick Lee, Ting N. Buss, James R. Madan, Rabinder N. George Washington Univ Dept ECE Digital Media RF Lab Washington DC 20052 USA Off Naval Res Arlington VA 22217 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819463035

We have developed a real-time EOIR video counter-jittering sub-pixel image correction algorithm for a single mini-Unmanned Air Vehicle (m-UAV) for surveillance and communication (Szu et al. SPIE Proc. V 5439, pp. 183-19 7, April 12, 2004). In this paper, we wish to plan and execute the next challenge---- a team of m-UAVs. The minimum unit for a robust chain saw communication must have the connectivity of five second-nearest-neighbor members with a sliding, arbitrary center. The team members require an authenticity check (AC) among a unit of five, in order to carry out a jittering mosaic image processing (JMIP) on-board for every m-UAV without gimbals. The JMIP does not use any NSA security protocol ("cardinal rule: no-man, no-NSA codec"). Besides team flight dynamics (Szu et al "Nanotech applied to aerospace and aeronautics: swarming," AIAA 2005-6933 Sept 26-29 2005), several new modules: AOA, AAM, DSK, AC, FPGA are designed, and the JMIP must develop their own control, command and communication system, safeguarded by the authenticity and privacy checks presented in this paper. We propose a Nonlinear Invertible (deck of card) Shuffler (NIS) algorithm, which has a Feistel structure similar to the Data Encryption Standard (DES) developed by Feistel et. al. at IBM in the 1970's;but DES is modified here by a set of chaotic dynamical shuffler Key (DSK), as re-computable lookup tables generated by every on-board Chaotic Neural Network (CNN). The initializations of CNN are periodically provided by the private version of RSA from the ground control to team members to avoid any inadvertent failure of broken chain among m-UAVs. Efficient utilization of communication bandwidth is necessary for a constantly moving and jittering m-UAV platform, e.g. the wireless LAN protocol wastes the bandwidth due to a constant need of hand-shaking procedures (as demonstrated by NRL;though sensible for PCs and 3(rd) gen. mobile phones). Thus, the chaotic DSK must be embedded in a fault-toleran

关键词： Chaos Image encryption Logic Neural networks Content addressable memory algorithm development Artificial intelligence Evolutionary algorithms Neurons Computer security

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Automatic color scheme picker for document templates based on image analysis and dual problem - art. no. 607609

Automatic color scheme picker for document templates based o...

引用

Conference on Digital Publishing

作者： Obrador, P Hewlett Packard Labs Palo Alto CA 94304 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819461164

This paper presents two complementary methods to help in the area of document creation where the document includes color templates (banners, clipart, logos, etc.) as well as photographs. The problems that are being addressed are: - given a photograph that a document needs to be built around, extract a good palette of colors that harmonize with the selected photograph, which may be used to generate the color template;The images are segmented with a color based morphological approach, which identifies regions with a dominant color. Based on the morphology of such "color" regions, and the other color objects in the template the scheme will pick a set of possible color harmonies (affine, complementary, split complementary, triadic) for such color elements within the document based on the combined morphology image-document. If the image is changed in the future the color scheme could be changed automatically. - given a document color template, identify from a collection of images the best set that will harmonize with it. The document color template is analyzed in the same way as above, and the results are used to query an image database in order to pick a set of images that will harmonize the best with such a color scheme.

关键词： Photography Databases Image retrieval Graphic arts Image segmentation algorithm development Distance measurement Image analysis Optical filters Quantization

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Commitment and typicality measurements for fuzzy ARTMAP neural network

Commitment and typicality measurements for fuzzy ARTMAP neur...

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14th International Conference on Geoinformatics

作者： Li, Zhe Eastman, J. Ronald Clark Univ Grad Sch Geog 950 Main St Worcester MA 01610 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819465290

As a neural approach, fuzzy ARTMAP has the capability to resolve the stability-plasticity dilemma, i.e., incorporate novel information but preserve significant past learning. In this paper, we propose two non-parametric algorithms for the fuzzy ARTMAP to provide soft classification outputs. These algorithms, which are triggering-frequency-based and are called ART Commitment (ART-C) and ART Typicality (ART-T), expressing in the first case the degree of commitment the classifier has for each class for a specific pixel and in the second case, how typical that pixel's reflectances are of the ones upon which the classifier was trained for each class. To evaluate the two proposed algorithms, soft classifications of a SPOT HRV image were undertaken. A Bayesian posterior probability soft classifier, Mahalanobis typicality soft classifier, SOM Commitment and SOM Typicality measures were also used as a comparison. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was used to explore the relationship between these measures. Results indicate that similarities exist among the ART-C, SOM-C and a parametric Bayesian posterior probability classifier, and among ART-T, SOM-T and a Mahalanobis typicality classifier. Additionally, ART models distinguish themselves from all other four models due to its special properties.

关键词： Neurons Fuzzy logic Neural networks algorithm development Mahalanobis distance Image classification Principal component analysis Data modeling Machine learning Lithium

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