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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm Development"

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A study of factors affecting multiple target tracking with a pixelized sensor - art. no. 59130L

A study of factors affecting multiple target tracking with a...

引用

17th Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets

作者： Morelande, MR Kreucher, CM Kastella, K Univ Melbourne Dept Elect & Elect Engn Parkville Vic 3010 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0819459186

Factors affecting the performance of an algorithm for tracking multiple targets observed using a pixelized sensor are studied. A pixelized sensor divides the surveillance region into a grid of cells with targets generating returns on the grid according to some known probabilistic model. In previous work an efficient particle filtering algorithm was developed for multiple target tracking using such a sensor. This algorithm is the focus of the study. The performance of the algorithm is affected by several considerations. The pixelized sensor model can be used with either thresholded or non-thresholded measurements. While it is known that information is lost when measurements are thresholded, quantitative results have not been established. The development of a tractable algorithm requires that closely-spaced targets are processed jointly while targets which are far apart are processed separately. Selection of the clustering distance involves a trade-off between performance and computational expense. A final issue concerns the computation of the proposal density used in the particle filter. Variations in a certain parameter enable a trade-off between performance and computational expense. The various issues are studied using a mixture of theoretical results and Monte Carlo simulations.

关键词： Particles Detection and tracking algorithms Signal to noise ratio Sensors algorithm development Monte Carlo methods Surveillance Particle filters Target detection Solids

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Investigation of a model vertical motion liquid damper: Comparing numerical simulation and experimental evidence

Investigation of a model vertical motion liquid damper: Comp...

引用

Smart Structures and Materials 2005 Conference

作者： Papadopoulos, C Tabatabai, H Buechel, C Univ Wisconsin Dept Civil Engn & Mech Milwaukee WI 53201 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819457418

Tuned Liquid Dampers (TLD) are used to limit horizontal vibrations in structures, and offer practical alternatives to Tuned Mass Dampers (TMD). However, to our knowledge, liquid damping systems have not been developed to reduce vertical vibrations. In this work, we develop a model for a Vertical Motion Liquid Damper (VMLD), idealized as a discrete, two degree of freedom system. One degree of freedom represents the 'target' structure that is to be damped, and the other represents the approximate, one-dimensional motion of a liquid in a U-shaped tube. Internal losses due to the fluid oscillation serve to limit and control motions of the target structure. The U-shaped tube has a flexible joint such that one vertical portion and the horizontal portion of the tube remain fixed, and the remaining vertical portion of the tube is affixed to the vibrating structure, allowing the liquid to become excited. The equations of motion are derived using Lagrange's Equations, and are integrated using Runge-Kutta algorithms that are available in Matlab. An experimental model was built in the laboratory, consisting of a mass attached to the end of a cantilevered beam (corresponding to the target structure), and a U-tube made from PVC pipe. The various damping and stiffness parameters of the system were calibrated independently based on experimental data. Measured data from the experimental model show reasonable agreement with numerical simulations.

关键词： Liquids Motion models Numerical simulations Head Motion measurement Systems modeling Data modeling Calibration Fluid dynamics algorithm development

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Multiple target tracking and classification improvement using data fusion at node level using acoustic signals

Multiple target tracking and classification improvement usin...

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Conference on Unattended Ground Sensor Technologies and Applications VII

作者： Damarla, TR Whipps, G USA Res Lab ATTN AMSRD ARL SE SA Adelphi MD 20783 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819457817

Target tracking and classification using passive acoustic signals is difficult at best as the signals are contaminated by wind noise, multi-path effects, road conditions, and are generally not deterministic. In addition, microphone characteristics, such as sensitivity, vary with the weather conditions. The problem is further compounded if there are multiple targets, especially if some are measured with higher signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) than the others and they share spectral information. At the U. S. Army Research Laboratory we have conducted several field experiments with a convoy of two, three, four and five vehicles traveling on different road surfaces, namely gravel, asphalt, and dirt roads. The largest convoy is comprised of two tracked vehicles and three wheeled vehicles. Two of the wheeled vehicles are heavy trucks and one is a light vehicle. We used a super-resolution direction-of-arrival estimator, specifically the minimum variance distortionless response, to compute the bearings of the targets. In order to classify the targets, we modeled the acoustic signals emanated from the targets as a set of coupled harmonics, which are related to the engine-firing rate, and subsequently used a multivariate Gaussian classifier. Independent of the classifier, we find tracking of wheeled vehicles to be intermittent as the signals from vehicles with high SNR dominate the much quieter wheeled vehicles. We used several fusion techniques to combine tracking and classification results to improve final tracking and classification estimates. We will present the improvements (or losses) made in tracking and classification of all targets. Although improvements in the estimates for tracked vehicles are not noteworthy, significant improvements are seen in the case of wheeled vehicles. We will present the fusion algorithm used.

关键词： Sensors Detection and tracking algorithms Acoustics Signal to noise ratio algorithm development Data fusion Roads Databases Roentgenium Target detection

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Endmember generation by projection pursuit

Endmember generation by projection pursuit

引用

Conference on algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XI

作者： Solyar, G Chang, CI Plaza, A Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Remote Sensing Signal & Image Proc Lab Baltimore MD 21250 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819457914

Projection pursuit (PP) is an interesting concept, which has been found in many applications. It uses a so-called projection index (PI) as a criterion to seek directions that may lead to interesting findings for data analysts. Unlike the principal components analysis (PCA), which uses variance as a measure to find directions that maximizes data variances, the PI used by the PP finds interesting directions that can be characterized by statistics higher than variance. As a result, the PCA is generally considered as a special case of PP with the PI particularly specified by the variance. Recently, a PP-based approach was developed by Ifarraguerri and Chang for multispectral/hyperspectral image analysis. This paper revisits their approach and investigates its application in endmember generation where endmembers can be extracted from a sequence of projections generated by PP.

关键词： algorithm development Quantization Computer simulations Calcite Hyperspectral imaging Principal component analysis Digital imaging Image compression Signal processing Computer science

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A flexible architecture for Advanced Process Control solutions

A flexible architecture for Advanced Process Control solutio...

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Conference on Data Analysis and Modeling for Process Control II

作者： Faron, K Iourovitski, I Blue Control Technol Burlingame CA 94010 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819457353

Advanced Process Control (APC) is now mainstream practice in the semiconductor manufacturing industry. Over the past decade and a half APC has evolved from a "good idea", and "wouldn't it be great" concept to mandatory manufacturing practice. APC developments have primarily dealt with two major thrusts, algorithms and infrastructure, and often the line between them has been blurred. The algorithms have evolved from very simple single variable solutions to sophisticated and cutting edge adaptive multivariable (input and output) solutions. Spending patterns in recent times have demanded that the economics of a comprehensive APC infrastructure be completely justified for any and all cost conscious manufacturers. There are studies suggesting integration costs as high as 60% of the total APC solution costs. Such cost prohibitive figures clearly diminish the return on APC investments. This has limited the acceptance and development of pure APC infrastructure solutions for many fabs. Modern APC solution architectures must satisfy the wide array of requirements from very manual R&D environments to very advanced and automated "lights out" manufacturing facilities. A majority of commercially available control solutions and most in house developed solutions lack important attributes of scalability, flexibility, and adaptability and hence require significant resources for integration, deployment, and maintenance. Many APC improvement efforts have been abandoned and delayed due to legacy systems and inadequate architectural design. Recent advancements (Service Oriented Architectures) in the software industry have delivered ideal technologies for delivering scalable, flexible, and reliable solutions that can seamlessly integrate into any fabs' existing system and business practices. In this publication we shall evaluate the various attributes of the architectures required by fabs and illustrate the benefits of a Service Oriented Architecture to satisfy these requirements. Blue Co

关键词： Manufacturing Computer architecture Control systems Process control Semiconductors Reliability Semiconductor manufacturing algorithm development Human-machine interfaces Logic

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Advanced on FPA and near FPA image processing for infrared sensors

Advanced on FPA and near FPA image processing for infrared s...

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Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XXXI

作者： Caulfield, JT Ovod, VI Coussa, RA Baxter, CR Massie, MA Cyan Syst Santa Barbara CA 93105 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081945768X

Cyan Systems has developed algorithms and architectures capable of performing temporal and spatial filtering near or on the FPA. Cyan is performing research into more advanced techniques to allow functional target detection near/on the FPA. The goals of this work is to perform image processing near or on the FPA to improve the size and power requirements for existing IR sensor systems which require larger board sets and hardware enclosures. We use representations of the biological vision system as models for the algorithm development. We report measured data on the near/on FPA target detection performance.

关键词： Staring arrays Sensors Target detection Image processing Infrared sensors Detection and tracking algorithms algorithm development Image filtering Data processing Spatial filters

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A tracking technology for security personnel and first responders

A tracking technology for security personnel and first respo...

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Conference on Sensors, and Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence (C31) Technologies for Homeland Security and Homeland Defense IV

作者： Womble, P Barzilov, A Paschal, J Hopper, L Music, A Morgan, T Moore, R Pinson, D Schultz, F Maston, MJ Kowalik, R Western Kentucky Univ Inst Phys Appl Bowling Green KY 42101 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819457639

Northwest Nuclear, LLC (NWN), the Applied Physics Institute (APT) at Western Kentucky University, and Crisis Prep Services, LLC (CPS) have developed a tracking technology for first responders and security personnel based upon the AeroScout (TM) system (a product of AeroScout, Inc.) and technologies developed independently by NWN, APT, and CPS. These systems provide location information using 802.11XXX architecture by measuring the time of arrival of packets from a set of active radio frequency (RF) tags to a set of location receivers. The system can track and graphically display the location on maps, drawings, floor plans or photographs of tagged items on any 802.11-compliant devices (PDAs, laptops, computers, WiFi telephones) situated both outside and inside structures. This location information would be vital for tracking the location of first responders, security, and other emergency personnel during rescue operations;particularly, under adverse conditions (e.g., fires). NWN, APT, and CPS have been improving the precision of the location measurement to an uncertainty of 20 cm or 8 inches (under certain conditions) and also developing algorithms to increase the accuracy. NWN and APT personnel have developed: 1) special tags which indicate tampering or sudden movement and transmit briefly under these conditions, and 2) permanent and portable systems which can be deployed rapidly. Additional software created by Crisis Prep Services, LLC allows response force personnel to be tracked and located inside a building in real time as well as use the software and tags as a training and rehersal system. The location of each person is depicted on a drawing of the building and is displayed on a laptop computer or any other browser capable device.

关键词： Lawrencium Security technologies Computing systems Standards development Computer security Receivers Signal attenuation algorithm development Applied physics Information security

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Discriminating man-made and natural objects in sidescan sonar imagery: human versus computer recognition performance

Discriminating man-made and natural objects in sidescan sona...

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15th Conference on Automatic Target Recognition

作者： Kessel, RT Myers, VL Def R&D Canada Halifax NS Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819457922

Sidescan sonar is increasingly accepted as the sensor of choice for sea minehunting over large areas in shallow water. Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) algorithms are therefore being developed to assist and, in the case of autonomous vehicles, even replace the human operator as the primary recognition agent deciding whether an object in the sonar imagery is a mine or simply benign seafloor clutter. Whether ATR aids or replaces a human operator, a natural benchmark for judging the quality of ATR is the unaided human performance when ATR is not used. The benchmark can help when estimating the performance benefit (or cost) of switching from human to automatic recognition for instance, or when planning how human and machine should best interact in cooperative search operations. This paper reports a human performance study using a large library of real sonar images collected for the development and testing of ATR algorithms. The library features 234 mine-like man-made objects deployed for the purpose, as well as 105 instances of naturally occurring clutter. The human benchmark in this case is the average of ten human subjects expressed in terms of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. An ATR algorithm for man-made/natural object discrimination is also tested and compared with the human benchmark. The implications of its relative performance for the integration of ATR are considered.

关键词： Automatic target recognition Mining algorithm development Detection and tracking algorithms Target recognition Human subjects Speckle Object recognition Sensors Receivers

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Sequence Analysis In Promoter Regions

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BMC Bioinformatics 2005年第3期6卷 1-1页

作者： Jeremy Austin Cranfield University Department of Analytical Science and Informatics (DASI) Cranfield University Barton Rd Silsoe Bedfordshire MK45 4DT UK

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development of the IASI operational processing and distribution system

Development of the IASI operational processing and distribut...

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Conference on Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization

作者： King, T Wolf, W Goldberg, M Barnet, C Sun, H Zhou, L QSS Grp Inc Lanham MD 20706 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

development and testing of the IASI processing and distribution system is currently ongoing at NOAA/NESDIS/ORA. Level I C data for 8461 channels will be available to NESDIS/NOAA from EUMETSAT shortly after MetOp 1 launch (currently scheduled for October 2005). Prior to launch, a simulation system will provide pseudo near-real time data for system testing and refinement. This will allow for a smooth and immediate system transition to the actual data processing when it becomes available. The ingested EUMETSAT level1C data will be subset both spectrally and spatially and then placed into BUFR format for a number of products including: (1) Level 1C (calibrated, apodized, and navigated) brightness temperatures, (2) cloud-cleared radiances, and (3) PCA reconstructed radiances. The subset level1C data will be delivered within three hours of observation. System validation will consist of comparing the products to collocated radiosonde observations and model forecasts.

关键词： Binary data Clouds Data acquisition Data processing Infrared radiation Data centers algorithm development Data modeling Atmospheric modeling Satellites

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