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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm Development"

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A sub-optimal, yet effective, non-coherent change detection algorithm for multi-look SAR imagery

A sub-optimal, yet effective, non-coherent change detection ...

引用

Conference on Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets IX

作者： Ranney, K Khatri, H USA Res Lab AMSRL SERU Adelphi MD 20783 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453382

ne Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has examined single-polarity, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data collected in spotlight mode at X band as part of an effort to identify land mines in radar imagery. This data set consisted of several single-polarization, extremely high-resolution, spotlight-mode SAR images from multiple passes over a common target area that included various reference reflectors as well as the landmines. In particular, certain mines were placed in the scene for only a portion of the data collection, creating an opportunity for the investigation of various change detection algorithms. We describe a suboptimal, yet effective, change detection algorithm based on a Mahalanobis-like distance metric, and we apply it to a recently collected SAR data set.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar Detection and tracking algorithms Mining Image processing algorithm development Land mines Target detection Sensors Analytical research Radar

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Processing of laser radar data for the extraction of an along the levee-crown elevation profile for levee remediation studies

Processing of laser radar data for the extraction of an alon...

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Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications IX

作者： Bishop, MJ McGill, TE Taylor, SR USA Corps Engineers Ctr Res & Dev Vicksburg MS 39180 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453358

Using LiDAR data collected on the levees along the Rio Grande River in New Mexico and Texas, an algorithm has been developed to automatically extract longitudinal elevation profiles. This algorithm consists of a series of filters, interpretation of geophysical properties, and digitized levee centerlines. The series of filters, in order of operation, include an alignment buffer filter, bare-earth filter, sampling filter and a maximum value filter. The result of the filter configuration is a 3-D polyline that models the levee crest. This algorithm allows for efficient identification of portions of levee that are lower than original design specifications. A comparison between the LiDAR levee crown extraction filter and a least-cost-path technique are offered.

关键词： LIDAR Raster graphics Data processing algorithm development Computer aided design Data modeling 3D modeling Geographic information systems Software development Roads

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Application of UV-Raman spectroscopy to the detection of chemical and biological threats

Application of UV-Raman spectroscopy to the detection of che...

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Conference on Chemical and Biological Point Sensors for Homeland Defense

作者： Sedlacek, AJ Christesen, S Chyba, T Ponsardin, P Brookhaven Natl Lab Upton NY 11973 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819451584

Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center (ECBC) and ITT Industries Advanced Engineering and Sciences Division (AES) have been collaborating on the transitioning and subsequent development of a short-range, non-contact Raman lidar system specifically designed to detect and identify chemical agents on the battlefield. [The instrument, referred to as LISA (Laser Interrogation of Surface Agents), will the subject of an accompanying paper.] As part of this collaboration, BNL has the responsibility for developing a spectral database (library) of surrogates and precursors for use with LISA's pattern recognition algorithms. In this paper, the authors discuss the phenomenon of UV Raman and resonance-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, the development of an instrument-independent Raman spectral library, and highlight the exploitable characteristics present in the acquired spectral signatures that suggest potential utility in our country's efforts on Homeland Security.

关键词： Biological detection systems Raman spectroscopy algorithm development Industrial chemicals Nanoimprint lithography Spectroscopes Arsenic Databases Laser development LIDAR

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An on-the-ground simulator of autonomous docking and spacecraft servicing for research and education

An on-the-ground simulator of autonomous docking and spacecr...

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Conference on Spacecraft Platforms and Infrastructure

作者： Romano, M USN Postgrad Sch Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn Monterey CA 93940 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453420

On-orbit spacecraft servicing has become a realistic and promising space mission. The Autonomous Docking and Spacecraft Servicing Simulator (AUDASS), introduced in this paper, is a research facility for on-the-ground testing of proximity navigation, docking and satellite servicing technologies and for the experimental verification of dynamics models and control laws. Moreover, the test-bed constitutes a valuable educational tool for the university students directly involved in its design and exploitation. This paper presents the current status of the on-going development of the AUDASS simulator and reports the results of some preliminary tests. The AUDASS system consists of two independent robotic vehicles, a chaser and a target. The vehicles float, via air pads, on a polished granite table providing a frictionless support for the simulation in 2-D of the micro-gravity dynamics. The introduction of the paper provides a wide overview of the on-going research efforts to make autonomous docking and servicing of spacecraft a reality.

关键词： Space operations Computing systems Satellites CCD cameras Control systems Sensors algorithm development Cameras LabVIEW Robotics

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Recent developments in computer-generated holography: toward a practical electroholography system for interactive 3D visualisation

Recent developments in computer-generated holography: toward...

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Symposium on Practical Holography XVIII held at the 16th Annual Symposium on Electronic Imaging

作者： Slinger, C Cameron, C Coomber, S Miller, R Payne, D Smith, A Smith, M Stanley, M Watson, P QinetiQ Malvern WR14 3PS Worcs England

ISBN: (纸本)0819451932

This paper will give an overview of some recent developments in electroholography for applications in interactive 3D visualisation. Arguably the ultimate technology for this task, it is the only approach having the potential to deliver full depth cue, 3D images, having resolutions beyond that which can be perceived by the human eye. Despite significant advances by many researchers, the high pixel counts required by the computer generated hologram (CGH) patterns in these systems remain daunting - in practice, systems able to calculate and display reconfigurable CGH having pixel counts of more than one billion may be required for 300 mm width, 3D images. Advances described include novel Fourier mode variants of diffraction specific algorithms and parallel binarisation techniques for design of the CGH patterns;computer architectures for effective implementation of these algorithms for interactive CGH calculation;the latest developments in the Active Tiling spatial light modulator technology and novel replay optics arrangements including folded mirror geometries, viewer tracking alternatives and new horizontal parallax configurations. Throughout, the emphasis is optimisation towards implementation as an interactive electroholography system having practical utility. Some recent results from demonstrations of aspects of the technology will be shown. These include monochrome and colour, static and dynamic, horizontal parallax only (HPO) and full parallax, 3D images, generated from true CGH systems with up to 24 billion pixels.

关键词： Computer generated holography 3D image processing Diffraction Holograms Binary data Computing systems Mirrors algorithm development Image quality Eye

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Kernel-based reclassification algorithm applied on very high spatial resolution satellite imagery of complex ecosystems

Kernel-based reclassification algorithm applied on very high...

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Conference on Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems and Hydrology V

作者： Keramitsoglou, I Kontoes, C Elias, P Sifakis, N Fitoka, E Weiers, S Natl Observ Athens Inst Space Applicat & Remote Sensing GR-15236 Athens Greece

ISBN: (纸本)0819451150

Kernel-based reclassification algorithm derives information on specific thematic classes on the basis of the frequency and spatial arrangement of land cover classes within a square kernel. This algorithm has been originally developed and validated for the urban environment. The present work investigates the potential of projecting this technique to the classification of very high spatial resolution satellite imagery of natural ecosystems. For that purpose a software tool has been developed. The output, apart from the reclassified image, includes a post-classification probability map which shows the areas where the kernel reclassification algorithm has given valid results. The software was tested on an IKONOS image of Lake Kerkini (Greece), a wetland of great ecological value, included in the NATURA 2000 list of ecosystems. The results show that the algorithm has responded successfully in most cases overcoming problems previously encountered by pixel-based classifiers, such as pixel noise.

关键词： Earth observing sensors Satellites Ecosystems High resolution satellite images Spatial resolution Image classification algorithm development Matrices Satellite imaging Vegetation

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Automatic target detection and recognition approaches for unattended electro-optical sensors

Automatic target detection and recognition approaches for un...

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Conference on Unmanned and Unattended Sensors and Sensors Networks

作者： Mahalanobis, A Shah, M Lockheed Martin Missiles & Fire Control Orlando FL 32819 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819455644

Automatic target detection and recognition (ATD/R) remains a challenging problem for unmanned and unattended systems. Promising solutions using Electro-Optical sensors such as LADARs, FLIRs, and TVs are evolving. The key issues are not only the performance of the individual sensors, but also the mutual calibration of the sensors and their collective behavior. This paper presents an overview of the challenges encountered in two separate ATD/R scenarios, and the methods that have been proposed for addressing them. Specifically, advanced techniques that exploit multiple views, collaborative sensor behavior and new sensing paradigms are reviewed and the concepts are illustrated by means of several examples.

关键词： Sensors Cameras Target detection Detection and tracking algorithms Automatic target recognition Target recognition algorithm development Image filtering Calibration Image processing

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Environmental satellite data utilization: Determination of wind vectors by tracking features on sequential moisture analyses derived from hyperspectral IR satellite soundings

Environmental satellite data utilization: Determination of w...

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Conference on Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization

作者： Velden, C Univ Wisconsin Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies Madison WI 53706 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

Traditional methods for deriving wind vectors from sequential geostationary satellite imagery involve the tracking of coherent clouds and moisture features in single channels (spectral bands). While this data source has proven to be important to global wind analyses, the approach is limited in two major ways: 1) The heights assigned to the vectors are not precise, leading to problems in data assimilation, and 2) Vertical profiles of the wind at a given geo-location are not provided, adding further stress to objective data assimilation (difficulty with single-level observations). A new approach to deriving winds from sequential satellite observations is being advanced at CIMSS. The method utilizes the same basic automated tracking code developed at CIMSS, however the input to the algorithm is in the form of constant-level moisture analyses derived from hyperspectral sounding information. Since the altitude of the features being tracked are already determined by the soundings/analyses, the height assignment ambiguities associated with the traditional approaches are ameliorated. Furthermore, the hyperspectral infrared (IR) information provides detailed vertical profiles of moisture where there are no clouds. This allows analyses of moisture at multiple vertical levels, which can then be used in an attempt to retrieve vertical profiles of wind. To date, the new scheme has been trialed on simulated data from GIFTS, and on one case of real data from airborne observations provided by the NAST-I instrument. From these first attempts, the "proof of concept" is successfully illustrated, and will be shown in the presentation.

关键词： Satellites Clouds algorithm development Meteorological satellites Detection and tracking algorithms Device simulation Earth observing sensors Satellite imaging Data processing Wind measurement

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A cognitive information processing framework for distributed sensor networks

A cognitive information processing framework for distributed...

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Conference on Sensors and Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence (C31) Technologies for Homeland Security and Homeland Defense III

作者： Wang, FY Qi, HR MCNC Res & Dev Inst Res Triangle Pk NC USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453269

In this paper, we present a cognitive agent framework (CAF) based on swarm intelligence and self-organization principles., and demonstrate it through collaborative processing for target classification in sensor networks. The framework involves integrated designs to provide both cognitive behavior at the organization level to conquer complexity and reactive behavior at the individual agent level to retain simplicity. The design tackles various problems in the current information processing systems, including overly complex systems, maintenance difficulties;increasing vulnerability to attack, lack of capability to tolerate faults, and inability to identify and cope with low-frequency patterns. An important and distinguishing point of the presented work from classical AI research is that the acquired intelligence does not pertain to distinct individuals but to groups. It also deviates from multi-agent systems (MAS) due to sheer quantity of extremely simple agents we are able to accommodate, to the degree that some loss of coordination messages and behavior of faulty/compromised agents will not affect the collective decision made by the group.

关键词： Sensors Sensor networks Data processing Intelligent sensors Tolerancing algorithm development Wireless communications Complex systems Data centers Environmental sensing

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IR and SAR automatic target detection benchmarks

IR and SAR automatic target detection benchmarks

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14th Conference on Automatic Target Recognition

作者： Jaeger, U Maier-Herburger, H Stahl, C Heinze, N Willersinn, D Fraunhofer Inst Informat & Data Proc D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819453498

This contribution describes the results of a collaboration the objective of which was to technically validate an assessment approach for automatic target recognition (ATR) components'. The approach is intended to become a standard for component specification and acceptance test during development and procurement and includes the provision of appropriate tools and data. The collaboration was coordinated by the German Federal Office for Defense Technology and Procurement (BWB). Partners besides the BWB and the group Assessment of Fraunhofer IITB were ATR development groups of EADS Military Aircraft, EADS Dornier and Fraunhofer IITB. The ATR development group of IITB contributed ATR results and developer's expertise to the collaboration while the industrial partners contributed ATR results and their expertise both from the developer's and the system integrator's point of view. The assessment group's responsibility was to provide task-relevant data and assessment tools, to carry out performance analyses and to document major milestones. The result of the collaboration is twofold: the validation of the assessment approach by all partners, and two approved benchmarks for specific military target detection tasks in IR and SAR images. The tasks are defined by parameters including sensor, viewing geometries, targets, background etc. The benchmarks contain IR and SAR sensor data, respectively. Truth data and assessment tools are available for performance measurement and analysis. The datasets are split into training data for ATR optimization and test data exclusively used for performance analyses during acceptance tests. Training data and assessment tools are available for ATR developers upon request. The work reported in this contribution was supported by the German Federal Office for Defense Technology and Procurement (BWB), EADS Dornier, and EADS Military Aircraft.

关键词： Automatic target recognition algorithm development Synthetic aperture radar Detection and tracking algorithms Fourier transforms Target detection Infrared imaging Standards development Infrared sensors Defense technologies

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