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First lunar-light mapping of nighttime dust season oceanic aerosol optical depth over North Atlantic from space

REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT 2024年 312卷

作者： Zhou, Meng Wang, Jun Chen, Xi Wang, Yi Colarco, Peter R. Levy, Robert C. Miller, Steven D. Univ Iowa Interdisciplinary Grad Program Geoinformat Iowa City IA 52242 USA Univ Iowa Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res Iowa City IA 52242 USA Univ Iowa Iowa Technol Inst Iowa City IA 52242 USA Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res GESTAR 2 Baltimore MD 21228 USA Univ Iowa Dept Chem & Biochem Engn Iowa City IA 52242 USA China Univ Geosci Sch Geog & Informat Engn Hubei Key Lab Reg Ecol & Environm Change Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China NASA Atmospher Chem & Dynam Lab Goddard Space Flight Ctr Greenbelt MD 20771 USA NASA Climate & Radiat Lab Goddard Space Flight Ctr Greenbelt MD 20771 USA Colorado State Univ Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere Ft Collins CO 80523 USA

This paper presents the Nighttime Ocean Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) Retrieval algorithm (NOARA), an innovative method for deriving the oceanic AOD from the reflected moonlight observation of Day-Night Band (DNB) aboard the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) over ocean surfaces. Building upon the recent development of nighttime AOD retrievals for rural/wild areas over land, the NOARA introduces several advancements tailored for oceanic application: (a) the new dust and sea salt optical property models based on the AERONET observation;(b) the Cox-Munk bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) model that better represents the ocean surface reflectance;(c) the new internal cloud and dust masking schemes for the ocean areas. Case studies show that the nighttime AODs are in good consistency with multiple AOD measurements such as from AERONET and CALIOP. The algorithm fills the observational gap for a comprehensive understanding of the diurnal cycle of the dust transport over the ocean and has the potential to provide vital information to better constrain the chemical transport model.

关键词： Nighttime aerosol optical depth Visible band AOD Oceanic AOD Sahara dust plume Dust transport algorithm development VIIRS DNB Reflected moonlight Passive remote sensing over ocean

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Using game theory and machine learning to provide white cell automation support in the adjudication of war game 6

Using game theory and machine learning to provide white cell...

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Conference on Disruptive Technologies in Information Sciences VI

作者： Nagy, Bruce NAWCWD China Lake CA 93555 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510651111;9781510651104

White Cell adjudication evaluates impact of player moves to create randomness representing realistic scenarios. Players are limited to the view of the game state based on their technologies' capabilities and intel sources, while the White Cell knows game state truth. The Automated White Cell (TAWC) is developed to provide adjudication guidance as to how much and what types of testing are sufficient to determine acceptable levels of randomness to evaluate AI/Autonomous platforms, including manned-unmanned teaming scenarios. TAWC is based on multi-model data integration, using AI/ML/Game Theory solutions, enhancing the predictive fidelity of Test and Evaluation, Verification and Validation (TEVV) /Live Virtual Construct (LVC) facilities in assessing AI/Autonomous technology strengths and weaknesses.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Binary data Statistical analysis Evolutionary algorithms Monte Carlo methods Defense and security Computer simulations Machine learning Safety algorithm development

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T-AGP: A Kind of Music-Researching Method Based on Data-Driven Comprehensive System of Network Analysis 2nd

T-AGP: A Kind of Music-Researching Method Based on Data-Driv...

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2nd International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Technologies (ICAIT)

作者： Duan, Xiaole Yan, Yuqiao Yu, Yunhan Jia, Furong Tsinghua Univ Beijing Normal Univ Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811697357;9789811697340

As one of the oldest art forms in human civilization, music plays an irreplaceable role in the research of humanities. In the past hundred years, the research on music has experienced a complex and long development process. At present, the development of the Internet makes music more free in both creation and distribution. The research on music also needs some new tools to support. This study is a new attempt to innovate music research tools;We try to combine modern scientific research methods such as statistical methods and social network analysis methods with the law of music creation, develop a new perspective for music research, and provide a series of technical support. This study develops a systematic network analysis called T-AGP to optimize music search. On the basis of tune, different statistical methods were used to study the relationship between artists, the relationship between genres, and the change of musical genres in different periods. First, an unweighted directed music influence network is shown and three network metrics were used to quantify how influential an artist is. The influencer network from three perspectives is analyzed to understand the mechanism of influence in the evolution of music. Then a series of methods including factor analysis is used to select the core feature of music and are applied to develop measures of music similarity. After converting the original features into 2D feature vectors, the distance between data points is measured. The similarity between two pieces of music is given by a Gaussian distribution of distance to measure the macro-similarity between genres. The results on genres' similarity show that both uniqueness and overlaps exist in genres. At last, from a time point of view, the tune changes of different genres in different periods are compared and analyzed. With the help of musical and historical background, the article combines data with the real stories in history. By modeling and analyzing, we comprehend t

关键词： algorithm development Dynamic network analysis Musicology research Statistical modeling T-SNE

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Accelerating imaging frequency in high-speed polarization imaging through data modeling

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OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2024年第4期63卷 043103-043103页

作者： Timofeeva, Anastasia Ul Shougat, Md Raf E. Pankow, Mark Peters, Kara North Carolina State Univ Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Raleigh NC 27695 USA

We develop a new processing algorithm for the analysis of high-speed quantitative polarized light microscopy measurements. The measurements are obtained using a high-speed rotating polarizing component and a camera, collecting images at several polarizer angles per rotation. The technique uses data from less than the full quarter-waveplate rotation and then performs an optimal fit of the measured data to the expected response curves. Thus, it allows to increase the effective frame rate of the alignment angle and retardation maps due to the reduction in required images. Due to the complexity of the intensity response curves, a particle swarm optimization method is applied. The algorithm addresses the motion error in high-speed polarization imaging while still using multiple polarization angles for the reconstruction. We apply the algorithm to two example cases: quasi-static loading of a tensile coupon and quality inspection of a polymer fiber during rapid motion. The results demonstrate that increasing the reconstructions per second (i.e., decreasing the number of polarization angles per reconstruction) does not significantly decrease the quality of the reconstructions until similar to 2.5 times the increase in reconstructions per second is achieved. Therefore, the developed algorithm is an effective method to increase the effective polarization imaging rate without complex hardware modifications.

关键词： polarization imaging birefringence optimization algorithm development

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IMUs Can Estimate Hip and Knee Range of Motion during Walking Tasks but Are Not Sensitive to Changes in Load or Grade

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SENSORS 2024年第5期24卷 1675页

作者： Fain, AuraLea McCarthy, Ayden Nindl, Bradley C. Fuller, Joel T. Wills, Jodie A. Doyle, Tim L. A. Macquarie Univ Biomech Dept Hlth Med & Human Sci Biomech Phys Performance & Exercise Res Grp Sydney NSW 2113 Australia Univ Pittsburgh Neuromuscular Res Lab Warrior Human Performance Res Ctr Dept Sports Med & Nutr Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA

The ability to estimate lower-extremity mechanics in real-world scenarios may untether biomechanics research from a laboratory environment. This is particularly important for military populations where outdoor ruck marches over variable terrain and the addition of external load are cited as leading causes of musculoskeletal injury As such, this study aimed to examine (1) the validity of a minimal IMU sensor system for quantifying lower-extremity kinematics during treadmill walking and running compared with optical motion capture (OMC) and (2) the sensitivity of this IMU system to kinematic changes induced by load, grade, or a combination of the two. The IMU system was able to estimate hip and knee range of motion (ROM) with moderate accuracy during walking but not running. However, SPM analyses revealed IMU and OMC kinematic waveforms were significantly different at most gait phases. The IMU system was capable of detecting kinematic differences in knee kinematic waveforms that occur with added load but was not sensitive to changes in grade that influence lower-extremity kinematics when measured with OMC. While IMUs may be able to identify hip and knee ROM during gait, they are not suitable for replicating lab-level kinematic waveforms.

关键词： inertial measurement units wearable sensors kinematics algorithm development

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Computation of transmission cross coefficients for pixelated illumination source

Computation of transmission cross coefficients for pixelated...

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Conference on DTCO and Computational Patterning

作者： Yu, Dan Hawkinson, Chuck Seagate Technol 7801 Comp Ave South Bloomington MN 55435 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510649804;9781510649798

Source Mask Optimization (SMO), which enables complex design geometries and improves lithography process window, is a key technology utilized in our hard disk drive (HDD) manufacturing. In this co-optimization technique, mask optimization has been extensively explored and well established in our community. However, source optimization of equal importance receives less attention even with a long history of development since 90s. In the source optimization, the light intensity from a source is generally perceived as a linear addition of intensity from each point source based on Abbe's method. The drawback on this common approach is that the computation is intensive and time-consuming as it involves the convolution between the pupil function modulated by each point source and the input mask. Here we present an algorithm of calculating transmission cross coefficients (TCC) for each point source in an illumination source. By following the Hopkins's approach, the source TCC matrix can be interpreted as the summation of individual TCCs of point sources. Compared to the Abbe's source formulation, the proposed algorithm provides a simpler, faster and accurate source representation, which is believed to be beneficial to the source mask optimization.

关键词： algorithm development computer simulation transmission cross coefficients (TCC) source optimization photolithography

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An imaging informatics based system with feature detection of ASoptical coherence tomography images for primary angle closure disease

An imaging informatics based system with feature detection o...

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Conference on Medical Imaging - Imaging Informatics for Healthcare, Research, and Applications

作者： Goyal, Anshu Xu, Benjamin Y. Li, Xinming Niu, Lu Lin, Justin W. Li, Ryan Liu, Brent J. Univ Southern Calif IPILab Los Angeles CA 90007 USA Univ Southern Calif Roski Eye Inst Los Angeles CA 90007 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510649507

ISBN: (纸本)9781510649507;9781510649491

Primary angle closure disease (PACD) is a leading cause of permanent vision loss worldwide, so early treatment of patients suffering from symptoms of PACD is crucial to prevent vision loss. Gonioscopy is the current clinical standard for diagnosing PACD. However, gonioscopy is a qualitative subjective assessment method. Thus, there is a need for a quantitative method to diagnose PACD. Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) is an imaging modality which produces images of anterior structures such as the anterior chamber angle. Adoption of AS-OCT has been slow due to AS-OCT analysis not being standardized and inefficient. Currently, users must annotate each image by hand using proprietary software and use expert knowledge to diagnose PACD based on the key features annotated. Using an imaging-informatics based approach on a dataset of over 900 images we have developed a system to streamline and standardize AS-OCT analysis. This system will be DICOM compatible to promote standardization of AS-OCT images. This system will be attached to a HIPAA compliant database and will require a secure login to protect patient privacy. We have developed a streamlined approach towards annotating key features in AS-OCT images which will be used to validate the results of an automatic segmentation method. The automatic segmentation method will be integrated into the system to increase the efficiency of analyzing AS-OCT images and eliminate the need to annotate images for clinical diagnosis. These features will be used in the future to classify PACD based on the severity of the angle closure.

关键词： Image segmentation Cornea Iris recognition algorithm development Eye Image processing algorithms and systems Image analysis Imaging informatics Imaging systems Optical coherence tomography

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High-Performance Denoiser Based on Deep Learning Trained by Precisely Reproduced SEM Noise 36

High-Performance Denoiser Based on Deep Learning Trained by ...

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Conference on Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control XXXVI Part of SPIE Advanced Lithography and Patterning Conference

作者： Mori, Taihei Okamoto, Yosuke Oya, Masahiro Mizutani, Shinji Nakazawa, Shinichi Maruyama, Kotaro Yamazaki, Yuichiro TASMIT Inc Yokohama Kanagawa 2220033 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781510649828;9781510649811

In semiconductor inspection and metrology on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, image noise affects the results of inspection and metrology. Image accumulation is effective for denoising but slows image grabbing duration. To get low noise images in high throughput inspection and metrology, we developed a novel denoising algorithm that converts a lowaccumulated image into a clean image like a high-accumulated image. Noise2Noise is one of the image denoising technologies by deep learning for natural images. In this method, clean images are not required for training because the Noise2Noise model is generated with pairs of original images and noisy images created by artificially adding Gaussian noise to the original images. It is more practical than other deep learning methods because collecting clean images is usually difficult. On the other hand, Noise2Noise doesn't perform enough in SEM images because the noise on the SEM image is not Gaussian noise. To solve this problem, in this study, we analyzed SEM noise characteristics by changing SEM conditions to create the artificial SEM noise. Furthermore, we developed the novel denoising algorithm which is based on Noise2Noise but is specialized to train the artificial SEM noise. We confirmed the improvement of the roughness precision of the proposed method compared to the deep denoise model trained using simple artificial noise. We discuss the impact on throughput advantage of inspection and metrology by applying the proposed method in NGR3500.

关键词： Scanning electron microscopy Anisotropy Denoising Inspection Data modeling Image denoising algorithm development Image processing Metrology Neural networks

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Functional Data Analysis of the RF Tactical Data 31

Functional Data Analysis of the RF Tactical Data

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Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor/Information Fusion, and Target Recognition XXXI

作者： Mishra, Vinod K. Tharu, Bhikhari US Army Combat Capabil Dev Command Army Res Lab Aberdeen Proving Ground MD 21005 USA Spelman Coll Dept Math Atlanta GA 30314 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510651210

ISBN: (纸本)9781510651210;9781510651203

The tactical edge, with its complicated electromagnetic environment is a very important part of the defense operations. In general, it contains a mix of friendly and adversarial radio frequency signal sources. A method for distinguishing the signals in the tactical arena will be very useful for telling blue and red teams apart. The function data analysis (FDA) methods offer a promising approach to find their underlying signatures. The FDA contains techniques for understanding and analyzing large and complex datasets with hidden underlying properties. It is particularly useful in situations in which one records the data continuously during a time interval or intermittently at several discrete time points. It can also uncover nonlinear functional dependence hidden in such data. In current work, we use FDA techniques to uncover the hidden continuous functions in the noisy field data. The measured data is a result of the combination of the signal and noise introduced by solar, atmospheric, and other electromagnetic signals present in the surrounding. The report consists of general theory behind FDA (Section 2), steps in the analysis of the field data (Section 3), and numerical results (Section 4). Finally, in Section 5 we summarize the results and point out the next steps.

关键词： Smoothing Data analysis Data modeling Error analysis Interference (communication) algorithm development Electromagnetism Statistical analysis Modulation Time metrology

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Solvelets: Tutors to Practice the Process of Programming 22

Solvelets: Tutors to Practice the Process of Programming

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27th ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (ITiCSE)

作者： Kumar, Amruth N. Ramapo Coll Comp Sci Mahwah NJ 07430 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450392013

We developed a suite of tutors called solvelets to help students learn the process of programming. They are based on the hypothesis that problem-solving is asking the right questions in the right sequence. The tutors use a series of questions to step the student through all three stages of program development: algorithm formulation, program design and writing code. So, the tutors help students start from a problem statement and end with a complete and correct program for the problem. At each intermediate step, the tutors provide immediate feedback at multiple progressively specific levels until they bottom out with the correct answer. So, the proficiency of a student is determined not by whether the student solves the problem correctly, but by the number of attempts the student takes to complete each step: the more the attempts, the less proficient the student. The tutors reify the steps for writing each control statement and scaffold the student through writing it one step at a time. We describe the tutors and the process of programming scaffolded by them. The tutors are currently available for C++ and Java and cover expressions, selection statements and logic-controlled loops. They are available for free for educational use at ***.

关键词： Programming tutor Problem-Solving tutor Process of programming algorithm development Coding C plus Java

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