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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm development"

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Comparison of improved cloud amounts over land derived from two satellite retrieval techniques

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Conference on Satellite Remote Sensing and Modeling of Clouds and the Atmosphere

作者： Kriebel, KT Kastner, M Mannstein, H Przybylak, S Schickel, KP Ackerman, SA DLR (Germany) Univ. of Wisconsin/Madison (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819423653

During the conference on 'Passive Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere III' in 1995, a comparison of cloud amounts derived from two retrieval schemes, APOLLO and CHAPS, was presented. It showed good results over ocean but not so good ones over land surfaces. Reasons for the discrepancy have been suggested. Meanwhile, a modified version of the APOLLO scheme has been developed and compared to a one year data set of synop data. They agree quite well. This modified version of APOLLO is used for a new comparison with CHAPS. Using the same data set, the agreement is very good. The remaining difference is probably due to unsufficient cloud detection with CHAPS.

关键词： Clouds Satellites Reflectivity Environmental sensing Spatial resolution algorithm development Atmospheric sensing Climatology Infrared radiation Passive remote sensing

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Enclosing shape boundaries using properties of contour.

Enclosing shape boundaries using properties of contour.

引用

Conference on Vision Systems - New Image Processing Techniques

作者： Preston, A Forte, P KINGSTON UNIV SCH COMP SCI & ELECTR SYSTKINGSTON THAMES KT1 2EESURREYENGLAND

ISBN: (纸本)0819421715

A complex problem in computer vision systems is the incorrect description of objects due to dropouts along their contour. These dropouts can be caused by three factors: noise, or contrast problems; occluding shapes; perceived contour. A widely used shape representation technique is to represent the contour of an image as a sequence of parametric splines. In this paper we present one such technique, parametric spiral arcs, and argue that it displays properties desirable for vision systems and in particular, the spline-based contour representation aids contour completion. We present an algorithm which analyzes the dropout due to noise or occlusion and suggests likely connections, using information contained in the contour of a shape, and using perceptive properties of contour.

关键词： Computing systems Machine vision Computer vision technology Detection and tracking algorithms Sensors algorithm development Image processing Process modeling Shape analysis Computer science

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Directional wind-measurement derived from elastic backscatter lidar data in real-time

Directional wind-measurement derived from elastic backscatte...

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Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications

作者： Moore, DS White, SW Karl, RR Newnam, BE LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB LOS ALAMOSNM 87544

ISBN: (纸本)0819421294

The development of a capability to infer wind velocities simultaneously at a number of ranges along one direction in real time is described. The elastic backscatter lidar data used was obtained using the XM94 lidar, developed by Los Alamos National Laboratory for the US Army Chemical and Biological Detection Command. In some respects this problem is simpler than measuring wind velocities on meso- meteorological scales. Other requirements, particularly high temporal fidelity, have driven the development of faster software algorithms and suggested opportunities for the evolution of the hardware.

关键词： LIDAR Aerosols algorithm development Velocity measurements Backscatter Wind measurement Signal detection Sensors Meteorology Software development

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Reliability of signature and sensor models

Reliability of signature and sensor models

引用

Conference on Targets and Backgrounds - Characterization and Representation II

作者： Chenault, DB Flynn, DS NICHOLS RES CORP SHALIMARFL 32579

ISBN: (纸本)0819421235

The reliability of computer models of both signatures and effects introduced as the signatures are measured is of critical importance in the development of seekers and other devices which use EO sensors. Typically the models consist of many independent modules or programs, each of which models many different physical processes and requires many different types of input data. Due to the models' complexity, their reliability is commonly not well established, and the domains within which the models are valid are commonly not understood. Efforts at establishing the reliability of the models frequently only address a very limited number of characteristics of the outputs and seldom characterize the reliability of the input parameters. Figures-of-merit usually address specific characteristics of certain outputs and often do not attempt to evaluate the performance of the model in the complete system. This paper discusses the problem of establishing the reliability of computer models of passive imaging sensors and the signatures they observe. General question about the process of comparing measurements with model results to determine how well the model works are examined, and methods for establishing reliability are presented. The physical models and types of input data required to describe the signatures and sensors are enumerated. Quantities used to describe the outputs of the different physical models are identified, and different types of figures-of-merit are identified to evaluate how well the computer model outputs compare with true/measured values. The Irma passive model is used as an example and several examples of validation completed for this code are presented.

关键词： Data modeling Sensors Reliability Atmospheric sensing Mathematical modeling Atmospheric modeling Computer simulations Motion models Thermal modeling algorithm development

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Segmentation and simulated annealing

Segmentation and simulated annealing

引用

Conference on Microwave Sensing and Synthetic Aperture Radar

作者： Cook, R McConnell, I Stewart, D Oliver, C NA Software (United Kingdom) Defence Research Agency Malvern (United Kingdom)

ISBN: (纸本)0819423629

In this paper we present a new algorithm for segmenting SAR images. A common problem with segmentation algorithms for SAR imagery is the poor placement of the edges of regions and hence of the regions themselves. This usually arises because the algorithm considers only a limited number of placements for regions. The new algorithm circumvents this shortcoming, and produces an optimal segmentation into a prescribed number of regions. An objective function is derived from a statistical model of SAR imagery. This objective function is then minimised by the method of simulated annealing which is, assuming some weak constraints, guaranteed to give the global minimum. Starting with an initial segmentation, the algorithm proceeds by randomly changing the current state. The annealing then decides whether or not to accept the new configuration by calculating the difference between the likelihoods of the data fitting these segmentations. In practise there are many possible implementations of the algorithm. We describe an implementation which uses a free topological model and alters the segmentation on a pixel by pixel basis. This makes it possible to get results of high resolution, as shown in results obtained by applying the new algorithm to both airborne X-band and ERS1 imagery.

关键词： Image segmentation algorithms Synthetic aperture radar Image processing algorithms and systems Statistical analysis algorithm development X band Data modeling Annealing Image resolution

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Emerging video compression technologies

Emerging video compression technologies

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Digital Video Compression - algorithms and Technologies 1996 Conference

作者： Zakhor, A UNIV CALIF BERKELEY BERKELEYCA 94720

In this talk, I will describe two aspects of video compression algorithms: the first area has to do with very low bit rate video coding, and the second one with scalable video compression.

ISBN: (纸本)0819420425

In this talk, I will describe two aspects of video compression algorithms: the first area has to do with very low bit rate video coding, and the second one with scalable video compression.

关键词： Video compression Video Video coding Low bit rate video 3D video compression algorithm development Visualization Wireless communications

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Adaptive estimation of Raman chemical mixture spectra

引用

Conference on Application of Lidar to Current Atmospheric Topics

作者： Burr, DJ Chen, CL Sedlacek, AJ Brookhaven National Lab. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819422215

We introduce an adaptive mixing (AM) algorithm for estimating the relative ratios of chemicals in a mixture spectrum. This procedure is particularly well suited to mixtures with a large dynamic range of mixture weights. It has the advantage of being able to be used in conjunction with a band-pass (difference-of-Gaussian or DOG) filter, and a correction of baseline off-set and tilting of the spectrum [1]. Output of these filtering techniques is a cleaner signal retaining most of the relevant Raman spectral signature while minimizing artifacts due primarily to Rayleigh, dust, and atmospheric aerosols. We will describe the results of applying the algorithm to mixture spectra with both real and simulated additive noise.

关键词： Chemical analysis Databases Raman spectroscopy algorithm development Computer simulations Detection and tracking algorithms Amplitude modulation Adaptive optics Optical filters Spatial frequencies

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Image quality prediction for bitrate allocation

Image quality prediction for bitrate allocation

引用

Conference on Digital Compression Technologies and Systems for Video Communications

作者： Fleury, P Ebrahimi, T ETH ZURICH SIGNAL PROC LABCH-1015 LAUSANNESWITZERLAND

ISBN: (纸本)0819423564

Recent developments in image coding tend to promote schemes consisting of a great variety of coding algorithms applied to different parts of the image to code. This results in an improved rate-distortion behavior of the global system. The selection of the optimal coding method for a given region of an image is still a computationally intensive task, as most of the current schemes need to compute the result for all algorithms and to choose the most suited one. This paper investigates a method to predict the coding performance. This prediction is based on extracted features of the input image. The computation of those features, as well as the prediction itself, is computationally much less expensive than the exhaustive selection. The prediction system is based on neural networks. Selected image features and a set of representation of those features build the input of the network. The low computation cost also enables a dynamic distribution of the fixed bitrate over the different parts of the image, and therefore an algorithm capable to allocate bits to reach a constant quality over the whole image.

关键词： Image compression Image quality Binary data Neural networks Quantization algorithm development Data modeling Computing systems Feature extraction Image processing

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Single-channel optoelectronic neurocoprocessor based on a vector-matrix multiplier with an adjustable threshold

Single-channel optoelectronic neurocoprocessor based on a ve...

引用

2nd International Conference on Optical Information Processing

作者： Bezrodnov, NV Rozhkov, OV Yalov, SB Bauman Moscow State Technical Univ. (Russia)

Single-channel optoelectronic neurocoprocessor on the base of vector-matrix multiplier with column submatrices is designed. Two models with dynamic and constant threshold are proposed for implementation. Results of pa... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819423750

关键词： Neurons Optoelectronics Neural networks Photodetectors Analog electronics Pattern recognition Silicon algorithm development Evolutionary algorithms Optoelectronic devices

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Controlling a chaotic response

Controlling a chaotic response

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent Materials/3rd European Conference on Smart Structures and Materials

作者： Battaini, M Casciati, F UNIV PAVIA DEPT STRUCT MECHI-27100 PAVIAITALY

ISBN: (纸本)0819421650

Attention is focused on low-damping-rubber base-isolators. Instead of thinking in terms of intelligent materials, this paper pursues the definition of conditions of behavior which result intelligent in view of a coupling with an active control device (hybrid control). In particular, situations which show a chaotic behavior of the dynamic response to external excitations are promising in terms of control efficiency. The regions of chaotic behavior are identified by evaluation of the corresponding Lyapunov exponents.

关键词： Control systems Oscillators Complex systems Chaos Stochastic processes algorithm development Motion models Nonlinear dynamics System integration Mechanics

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