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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm development"

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METHOD FOR DETECTION OF JUMP-LIKE CHANGE-POINTS IN OPTICAL-DATA USING APPROXIMATIONS WITH DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS 12

METHOD FOR DETECTION OF JUMP-LIKE CHANGE-POINTS IN OPTICAL-D...

引用

Ocean Optics XII Conference

作者： YASAKOV, AK BYELORUSSIAN UNIV SCI CTR AIR & SPACEBORN DIAGNOSIS EARTHS NAT RESOU MINSK BELARUS

ISBN: (纸本)081941574X

A method for detection and estimation of the parameters of jump-like changes of the expectation of optical data for ocean/sea investigations, based on changes approximations by cumulative distribution functions, is proposed. algorithms and programs for the change-points detection and estimation of the expectation of a stochastic process, based on approximations of the changes by cumulative distribution functions, are constructed and tested.

关键词： Ocean optics Stochastic processes Detection and tracking algorithms algorithm development Data modeling Pollution detection Statistical analysis Target detection Temperature metrology Transparency

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APPLICATION OF A MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD algorithm TO THE DETECTION OF TARGETS IN SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR (SAR) IMAGES

APPLICATION OF A MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD ALGORITHM TO THE DETECTI...

引用

Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1994

作者： SCHOENDORF, WH MARZETTA, TL PERLOVSKY, LI MARTINSEN, EA WALLACE, RG RAIS, H AFFENS, DW NICHOLS RES CORP WAKEFIELDMA

ISBN: (纸本)0819415391

A detection algorithm was developed using the Maximum Likelihood Adaptive Neural System a neural network that adaptively estimates the probability density functions (pdf) of all classes of objects in the data set. This algorithms was used to detect downed aircraft in a heavy clutter environment in SAR images. In this study the portion of the image under study contains hundreds of thousands of pixels, the pixel statistics are estimated and the pixel having the lowest likelihood is labeled as the target pixel. This is an unsupervised learning approach to the target detection problem because no learning data on the background or the target is used to detect the target. The approach relies on an accurate estimate of the image likelihood function in order to provide a good characterization of the scene. This approach was applied to several images collected in a variety of heavily wooded areas under different environmental conditions with excellent results. This approach was also used to provide insight into the scene phenomenology by associating specific basis functions in each likelihood characterization with particular attributes of the image.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar Target detection Detection and tracking algorithms Data modeling algorithm development Scattering Matrices Machine learning Neural networks Statistical analysis

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DISK SCHEDULING FOR MULTIMEDIA DATA STREAMS

DISK SCHEDULING FOR MULTIMEDIA DATA STREAMS

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Conference on High-Speed Network and MUltimedia Computing

作者： DAIGLE, SJ STROSNIDER, JK BELLCORE INTELLIGENT NETWORK TECH ANAL GRPRED BANKNJ 07701

ISBN: (纸本)0819414832

This paper presents a framework for reasoning about the timing correctness of multimedia data streams supported on a shared, serially-reusable server. A real-time scheduling approach is used to guarantee the timing requirements for multimedia applications such as video-on- demand and multimedia presentations. This framework incorporates the use of scheduling models, which are defined as abstractions that can be used to reason about timing correctness on physical resources. The scheduling models in this paper can be applied to multimedia systems which use periodic tasks to retrieve data from a disk. With their use, the multimedia system designer can reason a priori about the throughput, capacity, and schedulability of a system. The models enable the real-time system architect to quickly explore the system design space, to establish and maintain a firm performance baseline, to optimize system configuration parameters, and to explore the impact of new technologies. As an example of the application of this framework a new disk policy called T-scan is developed here. T-scan is applied to a multimedia task set and the analytical results are presented. Additionally, the performance of various disk policies are compared using the framework.

关键词： Multimedia Curium Systems modeling Data modeling Performance modeling Video Compact discs algorithm development Motion models Real-time computing

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DEGRADED DOCUMENTS RECOGNITION USING PSEUDO-2D HIDDEN MARKOV MODELS IN GRAY-SCALE IMAGES

DEGRADED DOCUMENTS RECOGNITION USING PSEUDO-2D HIDDEN MARKOV...

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Conference on Automatic Systems for the Identification and Inspection of Humans

作者： YEN, CC KUO, SS AT&T BELL LABS SOMERSETNJ 08873

ISBN: (纸本)0819416010

The Pseudo 2D Hidden Markov Model (PHMM), which is an extension of the 1D HMM, has been shown to be an effective approach in recognition of highly degraded and connected text. In this paper, the PHMM is extended to directly recognize poorly-printed gray-level document images. The performance of the system is further enhanced by the N-best hypotheses search, coupled with duration constraint. Experimental results show that the new system has significantly improved the performance when compared to a similar system using threshold binary images as inputs. The recognition rate improves from 97.7% in binary system to 99.9% in gray-level with modified N-best search, over a testing set with similar blur and noise condition as the training set. For a much more degraded testing set, it improves from 89.59% to 98.51%. This also demonstrates the robustness of the proposed system.

关键词： Detection and tracking algorithms Binary data Image processing Optical character recognition Image segmentation algorithm development Associative arrays Computer simulations Convolution Speech recognition

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STATISTICAL INVERSE DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORMS FOR IMAGE COMPRESSION

STATISTICAL INVERSE DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORMS FOR IMAGE COM...

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Conference on Digital Video Compression on Personal Computers: algorithms and Technologies

作者： HUNG, AC MENG, THY STANFORD UNIV INFORMAT SYST LABSTANFORDCA 94305

ISBN: (纸本)0819414824

The Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) has been applied to image and image sequence compression to decorrelate the picture data before quantization. This decorrelation results in many of the quantized transform coefficients equaling zero, hence the compression gain. For the decoder, the very few, sparsely populated, non-zero transform coefficient can be utilized for great speed-up in the inverse DCT. This paper describes and compares two styles of implementations of fast inverse DCTs for sparse data. The first implementation that we call the symmetric mapped inverse DCT is based on the forward mapped inverse DCT, but our implementation is up to three times faster. The second implementation is based on a scaled inverse DCT, with detection of zero values. Both implementations are tested for speed against other algorithms, under varying degrees of DCT coefficient sparseness.

关键词： Transform theory Quantization Image compression Matrices algorithm development Computer simulations Image processing Image transmission Switches Video

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ESTIMATION OF MULTIPLE 2D UNIFORM MOTIONS BY SENSOR ARRAY-PROCESSING TECHNIQUES 2

ESTIMATION OF MULTIPLE 2D UNIFORM MOTIONS BY SENSOR ARRAY-PR...

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Conference on Image and Video Processing II

作者： AGHAJAN, HK KHALAJ, BH KAILATH, T STANFORD UNIV DEPT ELECT ENGNINFORMAT SYST LABSTANFORDCA 94305

ISBN: (纸本)0819414778

A technique is proposed for estimating the parameters of 2D uniform motion of multiple moving objects in a scene, based on long-sequence image processing and the application of a recently developed multi-line fitting algorithm. Plots of the vertical and horizontal projections versus frame number give new images in which uniformly moving objects are represented by skewed band regions, with the angles of the skew from the vertical being a measure of the velocities of the moving objects. For example, vertical bands will correspond to objects with zero velocity. A recently developed algorithm called SLIDE (subspace-based line detection) can be used to efficiently determine the skew angles. SLIDE exploits the temporal coherence between the contributions of each of the moving patterns in the frame projections to enhance and distinguish a signal subspace that is defined by the desired motion parameters. A similar procedure can be used to determine the vertical velocities. Some further steps must then be taken to properly associate the horizontal and vertical velocities.

关键词： Sensors Motion estimation Array processing algorithm development Image processing Image sensors Video processing Motion models Fourier transforms Radio propagation

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ADAPTIVE TIME-DELAY NEURAL CONTROL IN LARGE SPACE STRUCTURES 5

ADAPTIVE TIME-DELAY NEURAL CONTROL IN LARGE SPACE STRUCTURES

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5th International Conference on Applications of Artificial Neural Networks

作者： YEN, GG BEAZEL, VM USAF PHILLIPS LABDIV STRUCT & CONTROLSKIRTLAND AFBNM 87117

ISBN: (纸本)0819415472

The design of control algorithms for large space structures, possessing nonlinear dynamics which are often time-varying and likely ill-modeled, presents great challenges for all current methodologies. These limitations have led to the pursuit of a robust and fault tolerant structural controller. In the present paper, we propose the use of adaptive time-delay radial basis function (ATDRBF) networks as a learning controller in system identification and dynamic control of flexible structures. The ability of such neural networks to approximate arbitrary continuous functions offers an efficient means of vibration suppression and trajectory maneuvering for precision pointing capability. The ATDRBF network, which incorporates adaptive time-delays and interconnection weights, provides a feasible and flexible modeling technique to effectively capture all of the spatiotemporal interactions among the structure members. In the spirit of model reference adaptive control, we utilize the ATDRBF network as a building block to allow the neural network to function as a closed-loop controller. The controller regulate the dynamics of the nonlinear plant to follow a prespecified reference model asymptotically. This paper addresses the theoretical foundation of the architecture and demonstrates its applicability via specific examples.

关键词： Neurons Neural networks Control systems Actuators Sensors Adaptive control System identification Aerospace engineering algorithm development Finite element methods

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INVESTIGATION OF THE GEOCHEMISTRY OF DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER IN COASTAL WATERS USING OPTICAL PROPERTIES 12

INVESTIGATION OF THE GEOCHEMISTRY OF DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTE...

引用

Ocean Optics XII Conference

作者： COBLE, PG BROPHY, MM UNIV S FLORIDA DEPT MARINE SCIST PETERSBURGFL 33701

ISBN: (纸本)081941574X

Accurate characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) optical properties is crucial for accurate measurement of chlorophyll from remotely sensed color data and for modelling spectral light penetration in the ocean. In coastal areas, changes in the humic acid: fulvic acid ratio of gelbstoff from riverine to marine environments cause significant changes in the spectral slope parameter but are difficult to predict a priori and impossible to measure without extracting gelbstoff from seawater. Our recent results from a wide variety of natural waters show that DOM optical properties are a function of physical, chemical, and biological processes. Detailed fluorescence spectroscopy shows changes in the optical properties of gelbstoff related to the onset of marine productivity in coastal transition zones which are indicative of changes in chemical composition of DOM. In this paper, we discuss our efforts to use fluorescence to aid interpretation of variability in gelbstoff spectral slopes for development of next generation chlorophyll algorithms and for development of an optical tracer of geochemical processes involving dissolved organic carbon.

关键词： Luminescence Absorption Optical properties Ocean optics Water Absorbance Ultraviolet radiation Chemical analysis Carbon algorithm development

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NEW APPROACH TO THE GENERATION OF REALISTIC SEA SURFACES USING STATIONARY NON-GAUSSIAN RANDOM-FIELDS

NEW APPROACH TO THE GENERATION OF REALISTIC SEA SURFACES USI...

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Conference on Characterization and Propagation of Sources and Backgrounds

作者： WEGENER, M NEWSAM, GN DEF SCI & TECHNOL ORG DIV LAND SPACE & OPTOELECTRSALISBURYSA 5108AUSTRALIA

ISBN: (纸本)0819415278

The methods currently used for the generation of wind roughened sea surfaces suffer shortcomings. This paper shows that in the one-dimensional case (i.e. looking at the vertical movements of a single point on a sea surface in time) the problem of generating a time series of surface heights having the correct autocorrelation function and the required Cox-Munk distribution of slopes can be solved by generating a Gaussian random sequence with the appropriate autocorrelation function, and passing it through a non-linear pointwise transform to generate a sequence with the required properties. In the two-dimensional case the problem is not yet completely solved, as it is not clear whether an appropriate field of slopes can be integrated to generate a field of wave heights. Nevertheless, the results obtained so far serve as a correction to the algorithm where a pseudo sea surface is generated by convolving a field of independent slope values drawn from a Cox-Munk distribution with a spatial filter derived from the Pierson-Moskowitz power spectral density of surface heights.

关键词： algorithm development Spatial filters

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MACHINE-PRINTED ARABIC OCR 22

MACHINE-PRINTED ARABIC OCR

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22nd AIPR Workshop on interdisciplinary Computer Vision: Applications and Changing Needs

作者： HASSIBI, K MITEK SYST INC AUTOMAT DOCUMENT RECOGNIT GRPSAN DIEGOCA 92121

ISBN: (纸本)0819413909

This paper presents a brief overview of our research in the development of an OCR system for recognition of machine-printed texts in languages that use the Arabic alphabet. The cursive nature of machine-printed Arabic makes the segmentation of words into letters a challenging problem. In our approach, through a novel preliminary segmentation technique, a word is broken into pieces where each piece may not represent a valid letter in general. Neural networks trained on a training sample set of about 500 Arabic text images are used for recognition of these pieces. The rules governing the alphabet and character-level contextual information are used for recombining these pieces into valid letters. Higher-level contextual analysis schemes including the use of an Arabic lexicon and n-grams is also under development and are expected to improve the word recognition accuracy. The segmentation, recognition, and contextual analysis processes are closely integrated using a feedback scheme. The details of preparation of the training set and some recent results on training of the networks will be presented.

关键词： Image segmentation Neural networks Detection and tracking algorithms Optical character recognition Image processing algorithms and systems algorithm development Raster graphics Image processing Feedback loops Pattern recognition

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