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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm development"

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HIGH-SPEED algorithm FOR DIGITAL PIV ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE-EXPOSURE PICTURES

HIGH-SPEED ALGORITHM FOR DIGITAL PIV ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE-EX...

引用

Conference on Optical Diagnostics in Fluid and Thermal Flow

作者： UEMURA, T IGUCHI, M MORITA, Z KANSAI UNIV DEPT IND ENGNSUITAOSAKA 564JAPAN

ISBN: (纸本)0819412546

In order to realize the high speed analysis in the incoherent high particle density PIV (IHD- PIV), the further advancement in both hard and soft wares is expected. Assuming the high resolution digital pictures, a new algorithm for the PIV is proposed. Although, spatial resolutions of existing video cameras are not sufficient for the PIV, the device is still useful for the purpose, since its the real-time recording and the future advancement is expectable. Assuming that a lot of tracer images are not clearly separated in the PIV pictures on a low spatial resolution medium, a new algorithm is developed which is based on the binary-image correlation method and the velocity vector histogram method. The whole analysis process could be performed by a personal computer and its can be finished in practically short seconds.

关键词： Particles Binary data algorithm development Cameras Image processing Spatial resolution Video CCD cameras Image analysis Liquid crystals

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POISSON MAP SUPERRESOLUTION ESTIMATOR WITH SMOOTHNESS CONSTRAINT 2

POISSON MAP SUPERRESOLUTION ESTIMATOR WITH SMOOTHNESS CONSTR...

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CONF ON NEURAL AND STOCHASTIC METHODS IN IMAGE AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2

作者： SEMENTILLI, PJ NADAR, MS HUNT, BR Univ. of Arizona (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819412813

A well known problem associated with super-resolution of imagery is the introduction of oscillatory artifacts into the super-resolved object estimate. In this paper, we derive a Maximum A-Posteriori (MAP) object estimator subject to a constraint on the norm of the first differences of adjacent object pixels. The posterior density is derived from a Poisson observation model and a Poisson prior for the object. It is shown that this optimization problem is identical to a MAP estimator with a Markov Random Field (MRF) prior using zero- and first-order neighborhood cliques. While most MRF priors used for image restoration neglect the singleton clique, our model incorporates this additional a-priori object knowledge into the estimator. An iterative solution to the optimization problem is developed using the Picard iteration technique. Results are presented which demonstrate substantial artifact reduction while achieving the bandwidth extension necessary to accomplish super-resolution. Test cases include extended objects and natural scenes.

关键词： Expectation maximization algorithms Super resolution algorithm development Image restoration Magnetorheological finishing algorithms Convolution Image processing Optimization (mathematics) Imaging systems

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PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF CRMA-II FOR GBIT/S-LANS

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF CRMA-II FOR GBIT/S-LANS

引用

Conference on Local and Metropolitan Area Networks

作者： GREBE, A UNIV HAGEN INST COMMUN SYSTW-5800 HAGEN 1GERMANY

ISBN: (纸本)081941221X

CRMA-II (Cyclic Reservation Multiple Access, Version II) is a media access control protocol for local and metropolitan area networks working in the Gbit/s range. The access scheme is based on direct access to a slotted medium combined with a reservation scheme guaranteeing both high utilization of network capacity and global fairness. The performance of CRMA-II is improved in comparison with the forerunner CRMA protocol by installing insertion buffers at each station. Network throughput is pushed to values far beyond the transmission capacity by spatial reuse of slots while buffer-insertion technique reduces media access time but increases round-trip delay. In this paper a new media access scheme for constant bitrate (CBR) traffic is proposed. For acknowledged CBR connections CBR slots have immediate access to the transmission media. While there is one insertion buffer for each priority of data traffic, CBR traffic is allowed to bypass insertion buffers to ensure minimum delay for constant bitrate services. In this paper a performance evaluation of the CRMA-II media access scheme and the new access mechanism for CBR traffic are presented. The evaluation was done using discrete event driven simulations.

关键词： Local area networks Computer simulations algorithm development Analytical research Broadband telecommunications Meteorology Performance modeling Standards development Switching Telecommunications

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TRANSFORM-DOMAIN POSTPROCESSING OF DCT-CODED IMAGES

TRANSFORM-DOMAIN POSTPROCESSING OF DCT-CODED IMAGES

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Meeting on Visual Communications and Image Communication 93

作者： TIEN, CN HANG, HM NATL CHIAO TUNG UNIV DEPT ELECTR ENGNHSINCHU 300TAIWAN

ISBN: (纸本)0819413690

Data compression algorithms are developed to transmit massive image data under limited channel capacity. When a channel rate is not sufficient to transmit good quality compressed images, a degraded image after compression is reconstructed at the decoder. In this situation, a postprocessor can be used to improve the receiver image quality. Ideally, the objective of postprocessing is to restore the original pictures from the received distorted pictures. However, when the received pictures are heavily distorted, there may not exist enough information to restore the original images. Then, what a postprocessor can do is to reduce the subjective artifact rather than to minimize the differences between the received and the original images. In this paper, we propose two post processing techniques, namely, error pattern compensation and inter-block transform coefficient adjustment. Since Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coding is widely adopted by the international image transmission standards, our postprocessing schemes are proposed in the DCT domain. When the above schemes are applied to highly distorted images, quite noticeable subjective improvement can be observed.

关键词： Quantization Image processing Image quality Error analysis Image compression Image segmentation algorithm development Image quality standards Receivers Data compression

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MATRIX ALGEBRA APPROACH TO GABOR-TYPE IMAGE REPRESENTATION

MATRIX ALGEBRA APPROACH TO GABOR-TYPE IMAGE REPRESENTATION

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Meeting on Visual Communications and Image Communication 93

作者： ZIBULSKI, M ZEEVI, YY TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL DEPT ELECT ENGNIL-32000 HAIFAISRAEL

ISBN: (纸本)0819413690

Properties of basis functions which constitute a finite scheme of discrete Gabor representation are investigated. The approach is based on the concept of frames and utilizes the Piecewise Finite Zak Transform (PFZT). The frame operator associated with the Gabor-type frame is examined by representing it as a matrix-values function in the PFZT domain. The frame property of the Gabor representation functions are examined in relation to the properties of the matrix-valued function. The frame bounds are calculated by means of the eignevalues of the matrix-valued function, and the dual frame, which is used in calculation of the expansion coefficients, is expressed by means of the inverse matrix. DFT-based algorithms for computation of the expansion coefficients, and for the reconstruction of signals from these coefficients are generalized for the case of oversampling of the Gabor space. It is illustrated by an example that a better reconstruction is obtained in from the same number of coefficients in the case of oversampling.

关键词： Reconstruction algorithms Space operations algorithm development Aluminum Electrical engineering Lawrencium Matrices Image compression Image understanding Wavelets

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OPTICAL WAVELET PROCESSOR FOR WAVELETS DEFINED IN THE TIME-DOMAIN

OPTICAL WAVELET PROCESSOR FOR WAVELETS DEFINED IN THE TIME-D...

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Conference on Photonics for Processors, Neural Networks, and Memories

作者： ZHANG, Y KANTERAKIS, EG KATZ, A WANG, JM INTERDIGITAL TELECOM DIV INTERDIGITAL COMMUN CORPGREAT NECKNY 11021

ISBN: (纸本)0819412759

In this paper, we present an optical implementation for 1D wavelet processing which is able to represent wavelets defined in the time domain and deliver complex coefficients. The system is the combination of our previously reported Smartt interferometry based wavelet processor and a modified version of VanderLugt filter. Haar wavelet, which requires complex representation in the frequency domain, was used to demonstrate the system operation.

关键词： Wavelets Wavelet transforms Fourier transforms Interferometry Sensors algorithm development Filtering (signal processing) Modulators Optical filters Transmittance

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ROBUST SHAPE RECONSTRUCTION FROM COMBINED SHADING AND STEREO INFORMATION 15

ROBUST SHAPE RECONSTRUCTION FROM COMBINED SHADING AND STEREO...

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CONF ON APPLICATIONS OF DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING 15

作者： LEE, KM KUO, CCJ Univ. of Southern California (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819409448

In this research, we first show that single-image shape from shading (SFS) algorithms share an inherent limitation in the accuracy of reconstructed surfaces due to the property of the reflectance map. That is, surface orientations can be accurately recovered if they lie along the gradient direction of the reflectance map function, but cannot be easily recovered if lying along the tangential direction. Then, we consider two methods which incorporate stereo information with shading to improve the performance. One is to use multiple images taken under different lightening conditions known as photometric stereo, and the other is to incorporate the height information obtained from images taken from different viewing angles known as the geometric stereo. With photometric stereo, we compensate the weakness of each reflectance map by combining several reflectance maps in a proper way in the gradient space and hence improve the accuracy of the results. With geometric stereo, absolute heights at sparse feature points are obtained and used as constraints on the resulting surface so that the ambiguity can be resolved. Simulation results for several test images are given to show the performance of our new robust algorithms.

关键词： Reflectivity Reconstruction algorithms Digital image processing 3D image processing Light sources and illumination Chemical elements Image processing algorithm development Cameras Computer simulations

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CORNER DETECTION FOR CHAIN CODED CURVES

CORNER DETECTION FOR CHAIN CODED CURVES

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CONF ON VISION GEOMETRY

作者： KOPLOWITZ, J PLANTE, S Clarkson Univ. (United States) TRW Inc. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819410330

A corner detection scheme for chain coded curves is proposed that significantly improves on the performance of current algorithms. The proposed scheme measures the number of links to either side of a point that can produce the largest digital straight line. That value is used as an indication of curvature at that point with very high curvature being indicative of a corner. A modification of the proposed algorithm can further reduce the false detection rate with virtually no affect on the number of corners missed by omitting certain patterns that can arise from contours with arbitrarily small curvature.

关键词： Corner detection Detection and tracking algorithms Image segmentation Vision geometry algorithm development Composites Digital imaging Electrochemical etching Image processing algorithms and systems Sensors

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SPACE-VARIANT POINT-SPREAD FUNCTION DECONVOLUTION OF HUBBLE IMAGERY USING THE CONNECTION MACHINE 2

SPACE-VARIANT POINT-SPREAD FUNCTION DECONVOLUTION OF HUBBLE ...

引用

Conference on Digital Image Recovery and Synthesis II

作者： COBB, ML HERTZ, PL WHALEY, RO HOFFMAN, EA USN WASHINGTONDC 20375

ISBN: (纸本)0819412783

The spherical aberration errors which are present in the Hubble Space Telescope optical system produce a space variant point spread function where only 20% of the photons are concentrated in an area corresponding to the diffraction limit of the telescope. Deconvolution techniques can be used to concentrate the remaining 80% of the photons into the Airy core of the images thus restoring diffraction limited performance. Since the point spread function is space variant the normal Fourier transform convolution techniques are difficult to implement. We have developed an image space based convolution routine on the Connection Machine which can be used with a variety of deconvolution algorithms. The space variant point spread function is approximated by assuming isoplanatic patches in the image which can vary in size from 2 X 2 to 32 X 32 pixels. We present timing examples of two popular deconvolution techniques: the Maximum Entropy Method and the Richardson-Lucy method. Thirty iterations of either algorithm on a 512 X 512 image using 256 different point spread functions is accomplished in 90 seconds.

关键词： Point spread functions Deconvolution Convolution Microelectromechanical systems algorithm development Hubble Space Telescope Saturn Space telescopes Diffraction Image processing

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PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF ATR algorithmS TO SCENE DISTORTIONS

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF ATR...

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CONF ON ARCHITECTURE, HARDWARE, AND FORWARD-LOOKING INFRARED ISSUES IN AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION

作者： MOHD, MA Sverdrup Technology Inc. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819411930

In pattern recognition systems the basic task is to match scenes obtained by a sensor at different times. Over the years several algorithms were developed for automatic pattern recognition systems for target acquisition. How good are they? Why do they work? Why do they not work under a different environmental condition? These are questions to which we seek answers. In this paper, a methodology is developed to characterize algorithm performance when subjected to scene geometrical distortions to give insight into the questions posed above. The methodology used is a parameter variation techniques where by perturbations in sensor range and roll angle are made and target probability of detection and location determined. In this investigation actual infrared images are used. The sensitivity analysis methodology developed is illustrated with an example. Application of the generic methodology developed can serve as a very useful tool in testing and evaluating automated pattern recognition systems used in industrial, scientific, commercial, medical, civil defense, and national defense applications.

关键词： Detection and tracking algorithms algorithm development Automatic target recognition Bridges Target detection Sensors Target acquisition Infrared imaging Pattern recognition Image sensors

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