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Conference on Visual Communications and Image Processing 94

作者： JEON, B PARK, J JEONG, J SAMSUNG ELECTR CO SIGNAL PROC LABSUWONSOUTH KOREA

ISBN: (纸本)081941638X

In many image sequence compression applications, Huffman coding is used to reduce statistical redundancy in quantized transform coefficients. The Huffman codeword table is often pre-defined to reduce coding delay and table transmission overhead. Local symbol statistics, however, may be much different from the global one manifested in the pre-defined table. In this paper, we propose a dynamic Huffman coding method which can adaptively modify the given codeword and symbol association according to the local statistics. Over a certain set of blocks, local symbol statistics is observed and used to re-associate the symbols to the codewords in such a way that shorter codewords are assigned to more frequency symbols. This modified code table is used to code the next set of blocks. A parameter is set up so that the relative degree of sensitivity of the local statistics to the global one can be controlled. By performing the same modification to the code table using the decoded symbols, it is possible to keep up with the code table changes in receiving side. The code table modification information need not be transmitted to the receiver. Therefore, there is no extra transmission overhead in employing this method.

关键词： Image compression Computer programming Receivers Image transmission Quantization Adaptive control algorithm development Data compression Image quality Process control

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Modeling the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Surface Water Quality Parameters (Chlorophyll-A and Secchi Disk Depth) of Lake Arlington Using Remote Sensing Techniques

Modeling the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Surface Water...

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作者： Ishimwe, Benite Texas Christian University

学位级别：M.S., Master of Science/Master of Surgery

Current in-situ assessments of water quality in lakes can be significantly improved by leveraging recent advances in remote sensing and algorithm development for a faster and more cost-effective approach. This study leveraged satellite- (Landsat 7/8 and Sentinel-2) and UAV-based remote sensing datasets to detect and monitor changes in key water quality parameters (Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and Secchi disk depth (SDD)) within the epilimnion of Lake Arlington (Texas) from 2002 to 2020. Remote sensing algorithms were developed to capture the spatial variability of the water quality parameters across the entire water body. Our results indicate: (1) Chl-a levels at the lake's inlet decreased significantly after 2015 (before: 32.1ug/L; after: 9.2ug/l); also turbidity (via SDD) across the lake decreased after 2015 (before: 1.04 m; after: 0.5 m); (2) Linear regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between the in-situ Chl-a concertation with Landsat bands (wet season R2 = 0.78, dry season R2 =0.73; p-value < 0.05); while the relationship between SDD levels was significant in the wet season and insignificant in the dry season (wet season R2 = 0.75 p-value < 0.05, dry season R2 =0.65; p-value > 0.05). Additionally, the linear regression showed a significant relationship between in-situ Chl-a concentration with Sentinel-2 bands (wet season R2 = 0.84, dry season R2 =0.89; p-value <0.05), while the relationship between SDD levels was significant (wet season R2 = 0.84 p-value < 0.05, dry season R2 =0.80; p-value < 0.05); (3) The optimum spectral band to detect Chl-a was found to be between 590-880nm for Landsat and 665-940 nm for Sentinel-2 while for turbidity it was between 450-670nm for Landsat and 560-705nm for Sentinel-2. Sentinel-2 sensors were overall better at detecting Chl-a and turbidity levels in the lake because of their higher spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution; (4) Water quality controlling factors in Lake Arlington include landcover change, precipit

关键词： Lake Arlington Water quality Remote sensing algorithm development Sentinel-2

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Computer vision system for the automatic measurement of volumes of wood

Computer vision system for the automatic measurement of volu...

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Computer Vision for Industry

作者： Correia, Bento B. Davies, Roger Carvalho, Fernando D. Rodrigues, F.C. INETI-OPTICA (Portugal)

ISBN: (纸本)0819412384

In this paper we describe the computer vision system TOROS developed at INETI to automate the volumetric evaluation procedure as the loads of logs enter the paper mill. The method consists of on- line analysis of the images of all the visible sides of the load of wood, assuming that the logs are always stacked the same way, namely across the width of the truck. The lateral images captured by the system contain information about the sectional area of the logs, and the rear image provides the data related to their length. Once a calibration procedure has been applied, the measurements of the gross volume presented to the vision system are evaluated, based on the automatic detection of the contours of regions of wood in all the images considered. The most important feature of this computer vision system is the possibility to provide a measure of the percentage of wood that is really present in the consignment, through the identification of all the spaces between the ends of logs in the lateral images.

关键词： Computing systems Computer vision technology Image segmentation Machine vision Image processing Cameras algorithm development Solids Calibration Imaging systems

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Keynote Talk: algorithm Improvement: How Fast Has It Been and How Much Farther Can It Go? 22

Keynote Talk: Algorithm Improvement: How Fast Has It Been an...

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34th ACM Symposium on Parallelism in algorithms and Architectures (SPAA)

作者： Thompson, Neil MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450391467

In this talk, I report on a large-scale census of algorithm improvement spanning 11 sub-fields of computer science, 57 textbooks and more than 1,100 research *** 113 algorithm problems, we find enormous variation in how fast algorithms have improved. Around half experience little or no improvement. At the other extreme, 13% experience transformative improvements, radically changing how and where they can be used. Overall, we find that, for moderate-sized problems, 30% to 45% of algorithmic problems had improvements comparable or greater than those that users experienced from Moore's Law and other hardware advances.I will also discuss our comparison of the upper bounds and lower bounds for these algorithm problems, where we find that nearly two-thirds are already asymptomatically optimal --- representing a triumph for the field, but also a challenge for future progress.

关键词： algorithm development Computer Progress Time Complexity Lower Bounds

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Value of public challenges for the development of pathology deep learning algorithms

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Journal of Pathology Informatics 2020年第1期11卷 1-7页

作者： Hartman, Douglas Van Der Laak, Jeroen Gurcan, Metin Pantanowitz, Liron Department of Pathology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center 200 Lothrop Street Pittsburgh 15213 PA United States Department of Pathology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen Netherlands Centre for Medical Image Science and Visualisation Linköping Sweden Center for Biomedical Informatics Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston Salem NC United States

The introduction of digital pathology is changing the practice of diagnostic anatomic pathology. Digital pathology offers numerous advantages over using a physical slide on a physical microscope, including more discriminative tools to render a more precise diagnostic report. The development of these tools is being facilitated by public challenges related to specific diagnostic tasks within anatomic pathology. To date, 24 public challenges related to pathology tasks have been published. This article discusses these public challenges and briefly reviews the underlying characteristics of public challenges and why they are helpful to the development of digital tools. © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

关键词： algorithm development artificial intelligence digital pathology algorithms public challenges

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Implementation methodology and error analysis for the University of Washington English Document Image Database-I

Implementation methodology and error analysis for the Univer...

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22nd AIPR Workshop: Interdisciplinary Computer Vision: Applications and Changing Needs

作者： Phillips, Ihsin T. Ha, Jaekyu Chen, Su Haralick, Robert M. Seattle Univ. (United States) Univ. of Washington (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819413909

Document database preparation is a very time-consuming job and usually requires the involvement of many people. Any database is prone to having errors however carefully it was constructed. To assure the high quality of the document image database, a carefully planned implementation methodology is absolutely needed. In this paper, an implementation methodology that we employed to produce the UW English Document Image Database I is described. The paper also discusses how to estimate the distribution of errors contained in a database based on a double-data entry/double verification procedure.

关键词： Databases Error analysis Neptunium Protactinium Image processing Sodium Data corrections algorithm development Gallium Optical character recognition

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Recent developments at JPL in the application of image processing to astronomy

Recent developments at JPL in the application of image proce...

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Instrumentation in Astronomy III 1979

作者： Loire, Jean J. Benton, William D. Elliott, Denis A. Jet Propulsion Laboratory 4800 Oak Grove Drive PasadenaCA91103 United States

Four recently developed applications of image processing to astronomy are presented along with illustrative examples. These applications consist of: Automated location and analysis of star and galaxy images;Geometric and radiometric decalibration of vidicon spectra;Display of multiband radio images;Generation of high resolution polarization direction and magnitude maps from images. © 1979 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galactic astronomy Astronomy Stars Image processing Polarization Calibration algorithm development Image enhancement Spatial frequencies Photography

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New approach for locating multiple targets

New approach for locating multiple targets

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Signal Processing, Sensor Fusion, and Target Recognition III

作者： Bao, Zhonghao Flachs, Gerald M. New Mexico State Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819415367

The research presented in this paper is focused on the development of mathematical foundations and algorithm for locating multiple targets on film images. A locator algorithm with firm mathematical foundations has been developed to locate multiple targets. The algorithm is based upon the assumption that an image is composed of a mixture of component distributions, stemming from the different background and target regions in the image. Using both a maximum likelihood estimator and iterative clustering algorithm, a locator algorithm was developed to separate the mixture into its major components. Having the components of the mixture, objects are located by classifying the components of mixture and recognizing the targets based upon their size and shape. The algorithm has been tested on a set of images that were selected based upon anticipated difficult situations. The algorithm has demonstrated the ability to locate multiple objects in noisy and cluttered background scenes.

关键词： algorithm development Detection and tracking algorithms Target recognition

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Image-understanding approach to reading business transaction documents

Image-understanding approach to reading business transaction...

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22nd AIPR Workshop: Interdisciplinary Computer Vision: Applications and Changing Needs

作者： Oddo, Louis A. McNamara, James F. Smith, Robert W. TRW Financial Systems Inc. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819413909

One high-payoff applications of image character recognition (ICR) technology is the automatic processing of business transaction documents. For remittance types of transactions, these documents consist of checks and invoices. While the general layout of a check is consistent with respect to types of data fields present, there is variability in the locations of the data fields printed on the document. Furthermore, checks are printed using multiple fonts, character sizes, and line spacing on a single document. In contrast, invoice contents and layouts vary widely from business to business. The high degree of layout variability of business documents poses significant problems with respect to data field location and extraction in preparation for ICR. This paper describes an image understanding approach for locating and extracting data fields from various business documents. This approach is shown to be tolerant to image rotation, multiple fonts, multiple character sizes, and line spacing. Actual checks and invoices are processed using the described algorithms. The resulting field isolation and extraction performance, together with the resulting ICR read rates, are statistically analyzed and presented.

关键词： Optical character recognition Image understanding Image processing Legal Image resolution Visualization algorithm development Image analysis Statistical analysis Scanners

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Segmentation engine: a real-time image segmentation subsystem

Segmentation engine: a real-time image segmentation subsyste...

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Machine Vision Applications in Industrial Inspection II

作者： Dom, Byron E. Blanz, Wolf-Ekkehard Cox, Charles Steele, David A. Dorundo, Alan D. IBM Almaden Research Ctr. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819414786

This paper describes a system developed for segmenting multiband grayscale images into n-class labeled images at high-throughput rates. This system, which we refer to as the segmentation engine, performs supervised image segmentation using algorithms based on the statistical pattern recognition paradigm. So-called 'features' are computed for each pixel and the feature vector thus formed is presented to a statistical classifier, which uses feature information to determine the most probable class of the pixel. algorithms are described for the following: features, automatic feature selection, classification and classifier training. While this paper describes the entire system, the algorithmic approach will be emphasized.

关键词： Image segmentation Image processing algorithms and systems Feature selection Image processing algorithm development Error analysis Machine vision Aluminum Radon Detection and tracking algorithms

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