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Repeated game theory as a framework for algorithm development in communication networks

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 2017年第4期30卷 1-18页

作者： Coimbra, J. Correia, N. Univ Algarve Fac Sci & Technol Res Ctr Elect Optoelect & Telecommun CEOT P-8005139 Faro Portugal

This article presents a tutorial on how to use repeated game theory as a framework for algorithm development in communication networks. The article starts by introducing the basis of one-stage games and how the outcome of such games can be predicted, through iterative elimination and Nash equilibrium. In communication networks, however, not all problems can be modeled using one-stage games. Some problems can be better modeled through multi-stage games, as many problems in communication networks consist of several iterations or decisions that need to be made over time. Of all the multi-stage games, the infinite-horizon repeated games were chosen to be the focus in this tutorial, because optimal equilibrium settings can be achieved, contrarily to the suboptimal equilibria achieved in other types of game. With the theoretical concepts introduced, it is then shown how the developed game theoretical model, and devised equilibrium, can be used as a basis for the behavior of an algorithm, which is supposed to solve a particular problem and will be running at specific network devices. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： game theory repeated game theory communication networks algorithm development

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An ATR architecture for algorithm development and testing

An ATR architecture for algorithm development and testing

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Conference on Automatic Target Recognition XXIII

作者： Breivik, Goril M. Lokken, Kristin H. Brattli, Alvin Palm, Hans C. Haavardsholm, Trym Norwegian Def Res Establishment FFI N-2027 Kjeller Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9780819495358

A research platform with four cameras in the infrared and visible spectral domains is under development at the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI). The platform will be mounted on a high-speed jet aircraft and will primarily be used for image acquisition and for development and test of automatic target recognition (ATR) algorithms. The sensors on board produce large amounts of data, the algorithms can be computationally intensive and the data processing is complex. This puts great demands on the system architecture;it has to run in real-time and at the same time be suitable for algorithm development. In this paper we present an architecture for ATR systems that is designed to be exible, generic and efficient. The architecture is module based so that certain parts, e.g. specific ATR algorithms, can be exchanged without affecting the rest of the system. The modules are generic and can be used in various ATR system configurations. A software framework in C++ that handles large data ows in non-linear pipelines is used for implementation. The framework exploits several levels of parallelism and lets the hardware processing capacity be fully utilised. The ATR system is under development and has reached a first level that can be used for segmentation algorithm development and testing. The implemented system consists of several modules, and although their content is still limited, the segmentation module includes two different segmentation algorithms that can be easily exchanged. We demonstrate the system by applying the two segmentation algorithms to infrared images from sea trial recordings.

关键词： System architecture algorithm development image processing segmentation parallel processing

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DATA ASSOCIATION PROBLEMS POSED AS MULTIDIMENSIONAL ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS - algorithm development 2

DATA ASSOCIATION PROBLEMS POSED AS MULTIDIMENSIONAL ASSIGNME...

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CONF ON SIGNAL PROCESSING, SENSOR FUSION, AND TARGET RECOGNITION 2

作者： POORE, AB RIJAVEC, N BARKER, TN MUNGER, M Colorado State Univ. (United States) Rome Labs. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819411914

The ever-increasing demand in surveillance is to produce highly accurate target and track identification and estimation in real-time, even for dense target scenarios and in regions of high track contention. The use of multiple sensor, through more varied information, has the potential to greatly enhance target identification and state estimation. For multitarget tracking, the processing of multiple scans all at once yields high track identification. However, to achieve this accurate state estimation and track identification, one must solve an NP-hard data association problem of partitioning observations into tracks and false alarms in real-time. The primary objective in this work is to formulate a general class of these data association problems as a multidimensional assignment problem to which new, fast, near-optimal, Lagrangian relaxation based algorithms are applicable. The dimension of the formulated assignment problem corresponds to the number of data sets, and the constraints define a feasible partition of the data sets. The linear objective function is developed from Bayesian estimation and is the negative log likelihood function, so that the optimal solution yields the maximum likelihood estimate. After formulating this general class of problems, the equivalence between solving data association problems by these multidimensional assignment problems and by the currently most popular method of multiple hypothesis tracking is established. Track initiation and track maintenance using an N-scan sliding window are then used as illustrations.

关键词： Target detection Data fusion Logic Sensors algorithm development Detection and tracking algorithms Information operations Sensor fusion Composites Target recognition

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A Matlab-Based Home Energy Management algorithm development Toolbox

A Matlab-Based Home Energy Management Algorithm Development ...

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IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society General Meeting (PESGM)

作者： Zhu, Xiangqi Yan, Jiahong Dong, Lining Lu, Ning North Carolina State Univ Elect & Comp Engn Dept FREEDM Syst Ctr Raleigh NC 27695 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781509041688

This paper presents the architecture and modeling approach of a Matlab-based toolbox for developing and testing home energy management (HEM) algorithms under a number of typical operation conditions. This toolbox serves as a developer platform that includes a graphical user interface, a model database, a computational engine, and an input-output database. The model database consists of home appliance models, energy storage models, baseload models, roof-top photovoltaic models, as well as typical weather profiles. The graphical interface allows the users to select different inputs such as utility rate structure, customer comfort settings, solar profiles, and outdoor temperature profiles. The HEM algorithms serve as the computational engines to power the virtual house so that the performance of those algorithms can be evaluated fairly using the same set of inputs and models. Simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the modeling platform when developing HEM algorithms.

关键词： algorithm development appliance models baseload database home energy management (HEM)

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Prototype Testing and algorithm development for the Cosmic Ray Inspection and Passive Tomography (CRIPT) Project

Prototype Testing and Algorithm Development for the Cosmic R...

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IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors

作者： Anghel, V. Armitage, J. Botte, J. Boudjemline, K. Bueno, J. Bryman, D. Charles, E. Cousins, T. Drouin, P. -L. Erlandson, A. Gallant, G. Jewett, C. Jonkmans, G. Liu, Z. Noel, S. Oakham, G. Stocki, T. J. Thompson, M. Waller, D. Atom Energy Canada Ltd Chalk River ON K0J 1J0 Canada Carleton Univ Ottawa Carleton Inst Phys Dept Phys Ottawa ON Canada Adv Appl Phys Solut Vancouver BC Canada Canada Border Serv Agcy Ottawa ON Canada Int Safety Res Ottawa ON Canada Hlth Canada Ottawa ON Canada Def Res & Dev Canada Ottawa ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781467301206

The Cosmic Ray Inspection and Passive Tomography (CRIPT) collaboration has completed the testing of small muon detector prototypes and has commenced construction of a 12 layer, 4m(2) prototype muon scattering tomography system. Three areas of CRIPT's progress are reported: (1) results from the testing of one of drift chamber muon detector prototypes;(2) algorithms for muon momentum estimation and tomographic image reconstruction;and (3) the status of the large prototype construction. The intrinsic resolution of the 2.4 m long, 1.2 m wide drift chamber muon detector prototype has been measured to be 1.73 mm perpendicular to the anode wire, and 2.9 mm parallel to the anode. A Bayesian estimator algorithm has been developed for muon momentum estimation. From simulations, the momentum resolution is expected to be highly asymmetric, varying from -18% to +92% integrated across the cosmic ray muon spectrum. A novel Point-of-Closest-Approach (PoCA) algorithm has also been developed for tomographic imaging. Multiple possible muon trajectories are assumed for each muon. The expected completion date for the construction is summer 2012, with first tomographic data following soon afterward.

关键词： Bayes methods Bayesian estimator algorithm Biology CRIPT project Chemicals Containers PoCA algorithm Size measurement Tomography algorithm development anode cosmic ray inspection passive tomography drift chamber muon detector prototype drift chambers high energy physics instrumentation computing image reconstruction large prototype construction multiple muon trajectory muon detection muon momentum estimation muons novel point-of-closest-approach algorithm prototype muon scattering tomography system radioactivity measurement size 1.2 m size 1.73 mm size 2.4 m size 2.9 mm small muon detector prototypes tomographic image reconstruction

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Can We Teach algorithm development Skills? 12

Can We Teach Algorithm Development Skills?

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50th Annual Association-for-Computing-Machinery (ACM) Southeast Conference

作者： Yoo, Jungsoon Yoo, Sung Seo, Suk Dong, Zhijiang Pettey, Chrisila Middle Tennessee State Univ Dept Comp Sci Murfreesboro TN 37132 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450312035

Often when designing an educational tool, the focus is primarily on how well the tool helps the student learn a concept. However, always in educational research there is an underlying desire to determine what factors actually influence student learning. This is because an understanding of these factors can lead to the design of more effective tools/techniques. The focus of our research has been on developing a tool to help students learn algorithm design. The ability to design an algorithm for a given problem is one of the most important, and unfortunately one of the most difficult to accomplish, learning outcomes of computer science courses. It has previously been shown [13] that students who use AlgoTutor, a Web-based algorithm development tutor, are significantly more likely to think that algorithm design prior to coding is important and to have confidence in their own ability to design an algorithm. From follow up studies, we have found that students who have used AlgoTutor in introductory computer science classes are not only more confident in their ability to design an algorithm, but also more likely to design a correct algorithm than those who have not used AlgoTutor. Additionally, we show that the course management utility for the AlgoTutor system can be used to investigate questions about factors that influence student learning. As an example we investigate the question, "how much is too much help and how much is not enough help if a student is having difficulty solving a problem?"

关键词： algorithm development learning environment Web-based tutoring system

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SNOW MEASUREMENT USING A DUAL KA-BAND RADAR SYSTEM FOR GPM/DPR algorithm development

SNOW MEASUREMENT USING A DUAL KA-BAND RADAR SYSTEM FOR GPM/D...

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IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)

作者： Nishikawa, Masanori Minda, Haruya Nakamura, Kenji Nakagawa, Katsuhiro Hanado, Hiroshi Kaneko, Yuki Nakai, Sento Kumakura, Toshiro Fujiyoshi, Yasushi Nagoya Univ Hydrospher Atmospher Res Ctr Nagoya Aichi 4648601 Japan Dokkyo Univ Dept Econ Sustainabil Tokyo Japan Natl Inst Informat & Commun Tokyo Japan Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy Earth Observat Res Ctr Tokyo 1046023 Japan Natl Res Inst Earth Sci & Disaster Prevent Tokyo Japan Nagaoka Univ Technol Tokyo Japan Hokkaido Univ Inst Low Tempe Sci Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479911141

Both equivalent radar reflectivity factor (Z(e)) and specific attenuation (k) in several snow events are measured using a dual Ka-band radar system. Different k-Z(e) relations are obtained depending on surface air temperature. When surface air temperature is just above 0 degrees C, k-Z(e) relations scatter and larger k values than those of rain appear. On the other hand, when surface air temperature is below 0 degrees C, both k and Z(e) are small and a slight positive trend appears in the k-Z(e) relations. The difference of k-Z(e) relations can be attributed to the difference of the backscattering and attenuation characteristics between wet and dry snow. To confirm wet/dry snow existences, 2D-video-disdrometer data are analyzed. Velocity-size distributions of wet snow events are different from those of dry snow events. Graupels also show different velocity-size distributions from wet and dry snow particles with different k-Z(e) relations.

关键词： snow graupel Ka-radar 2D-video-disdrometer GPM/DPR algorithm development

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Cognitive engineering in algorithm development for multisensor data fusion in military applications

Cognitive engineering in algorithm development for multisens...

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Conference on Multisensor, Multisource Information Fusion

作者： Kight, AC Narayanan, S Wright State Univ Dept Biomed Ind & Human Factors Engn Dayton OH 45435 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453579

In battlefield situations, human operators are bombarded with substantial amounts of information and expected to make near-instantaneous decisions. The large amounts of information, coupled with short decision times and the need to reduce the potential of making incorrect decisions, create the possibility for information overload. This problem is especially prominent in military applications involving imagery from multiple sensors. Computer-based algorithms for fusing pertinent sets of imagery have proven somewhat useful for alleviating this problem. However, little research has been done on designing multisensor data fusion systems using principles of cognitive engineering, which involves the consideration of human cognition during the design process. The design of a sensor fusion system using principles from cognitive engineering would create a more natural relationship between human and machine, and would thus be extremely effective in reducing operator error in military situations. This paper explores the need for integrating human reasoning and cognition in algorithm development for multisensor fusion applications.

关键词： algorithm development Data fusion Defense technologies Cognition Image fusion Error analysis Image sensors Sensor fusion Sensors

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Early algorithm development efforts for the National Ecological Observatory Network Airborne Observation Platform imaging spectrometer and waveform lidar instruments

Early algorithm development efforts for the National Ecologi...

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Conference on Imaging Spectrometry XVI

作者： Krause, Keith S. Kuester, Michele A. Johnson, Brian R. McCorkel, Joel Kampe, Thomas U. Natl Ecol Observ Network Boulder CO 80301 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819487681

The National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) will be the first observatory network of its kind designed to detect and enable forecasting of ecological change at continental scales over multiple decades. NEON will collect data at sites distributed at 20 ecoclimatic domains across the United States on the impacts of climate change, land use change, and invasive species on natural resources and biodiversity. The NEON Airborne Observation Platform (AOP) is an aircraft platform carrying remote sensing instrumentation designed to achieve sub-meter to meter scale ground resolution, bridging the scales from organisms and individual stands to satellite-based remote sensing. AOP instrumentation consists of a VIS/SWIR imaging spectrometer, a scanning small-footprint waveform LiDAR, and a high resolution airborne digital camera. AOP data will provide quantitative information on land use change and changes in ecological structure and chemistry including the presence and effects of invasive species. A Pathfinder Flight Campaign was conducted over a two week period during late August to early September 2010 in order to collect representative AOP data over one NEON domain site. NASA JPL flew the AVIRIS imaging spectrometer and NCALM flew an Optech Gemini waveform LiDAR over the University of Florida Ordway-Swisher Biological Station and Donaldson tree plantation near Gainesville Florida. The pathfinder data are discussed in detail along with how the data are being used for early algorithm and product development prototyping activities. The data collected during the campaign and prototype products are openly available to scientists to become more familiar with representative NEON AOP data.

关键词： Imaging spectrometer waveform lidar algorithm development airborne remote sensing

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White light modeling, algorithm development, and validation on the micro-arcsecond metrology testbed

White light modeling, algorithm development, and validation ...

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Conference on New Frontiers in Stellar Interferometry

作者： Milman, MH Regher, M Shen, TP CALTECH Jet Prop Lab Pasadena CA 91109 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454230

The Space Interferometry Mission (SIM), scheduled for launch in early 2010, is an optical interferometer that will perform narrow angle and global wide angle astrometry with unprecedented accuracy, providing differential position accuracies of 1uas, and 4uas global accuracies in position, proper motion and parallax. SIM astrometric measurements are synthesized from pathlength delay measurements provided by three Michelson-type, white light interferometers. Two of the interferometers are used for making precise measurements of variations in the spacecraft attitude, while the third interferometer performs the science measurement. The ultimate performance of SIM relies on a combination of precise fringe measurements of the interfered starlight with picometer class relative distance measurements made between a set of fiducials that define the interferometer baseline vectors. The focus of the present paper is on the development and analysis of algorithms for accurate white light estimation, and on the preliminary validation of these algorithms on the MicroArcsecond Testbed.

关键词： Interferometers Error analysis Metrology algorithm development Signal to noise ratio Interferometry Modulators Visibility Phase measurement Sensors

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