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Ocean Optics XII Conference

作者： KONDRATYEV, KY POZDNYAKOV, DV PETTERSSON, LH SCI RES CTR ECOL SAFETY ST PETERSBURG 197042RUSSIA

ISBN: (纸本)081941574X

development of water quality retrieval algorithms is discussed in terms of causal dependence of the upwelling spectral radiance upon the water composition. Unlike clean marine/oceanic waters for which linear regression retrieval relationships are valid, inland and coastal zone water masses with high degree of optical complexity necessitate the development of nonparametric retrieval approaches. At the basis of these techniques are models considering the optical competitiveness of several coexisting aquatic components. Such models for Lakes Ladoga and Ontario are described and compared. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to analyze the spectral and angular variations of the upwelling radiance scattered by the water column out into the atmosphere. Analysis of optical conditions for running remote sounding natural waters of various optical complexity is carried out. Relevant recommendations are formulated.

关键词： Water Ocean optics Remote sensing Absorption Atmospheric modeling Active optics algorithm development Reflectivity Sun Coastal modeling

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Stellar Background Rendering for Space Situational Awareness algorithm development 25

Stellar Background Rendering for Space Situational Awareness...

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25th SPIE Conference on algorithms, Technologies, and Applications for Multispectral and Hyperspectral Imagery

作者： Prussing, Keith F. Valenta, Christopher R. Cordell, Christopher E. Zacharias, Anissa Churchill, Layne R. Georgia Tech Res Inst Electro Opt Syst Lab Atlanta GA 30332 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510626386

A key component of a night scene background on a clear moonless night is the stellar background. Celestial objects affected by atmospheric distortions and optical system noise become the primary contribution of clutter for detection and tracking algorithms while at the same time providing a solid geolocation or time reference due to their highly predictable motion. Any detection algorithm that needs to operate on a clear night must take into account the stellar background and remove it via background subtraction methods. As with any scenario, the ability to develop detection algorithms depends on the availability of representative data to evaluate the difficulty of the task. Further, the acquisition of measured field data under arbitrary atmospheric conditions is difficult if not impossible. For this reason, a radiometrically accurate simulation of the stellar background is a boon to algorithm developers. To aid in simulating the night sky, we have incorporated a star-field rendering model into the Georgia Tech Simulations Integrated Modeling System (GTSIMS). Rendering a radiometrically accurate star-field requires three major components: positioning the stars as a function of time and observer location, determining the in-band radiance of each star, and simulating the apparent size of each star. We present the models we have incorporated into GTSIMS and provide a representative sample of the images generated with the new model. We then demonstrate how the clutter in the neighborhood of a pixels change by including a radiometrically accurate rendering of a star-field.

关键词： Stars algorithm development Satellites Situational awareness sensors Detection and tracking algorithms Sensors Systems modeling Computer simulations Optical tracking Telescopes

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Applications of Spin Glasses across Disciplines: From Complex Systems to Quantum Computing and algorithm development

Applications of Spin Glasses across Disciplines: From Comple...

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作者： Zhu, Zheng Texas A&M University

The main subjects of this dissertation are spin glass applications in other disciplines and spin glass algorithms. Spin glasses are magnetic systems with disorder and frustration, and the essential physics of spin glasses lies not in the details of their microscopic interactions but rather in the competition between quenched ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions. Concepts that arose in the study of spin glasses have led to applications in areas as diverse as computer science, biology, and finance, as well as a variety of others. In the first part of this dissertation I study the equilibrium and non-equilibrium properties of Boolean decision problems with competing interactions on scale-free networks in an external bias (a magnetic field). First, I perform finite-temperature Monte Carlo simulations in a field to test the robustness of the spin-glass phase and I show that the system has a spin-glass phase in a field, i.e., it exhibits a de Almeida–Thouless line. Then I study avalanche distributions when the system is driven by a field at zero temperature to test whether the system displays self-organized criticality. The numerical results suggest that avalanches (damage) can spread across the entire system with nonzero probability when the decay exponent of the interaction degree is less than or equal to 2, i.e., that Boolean decision problems on scale-free networks with competing interactions can be fragile when the system is not in thermal equilibrium. In the second part of this dissertation I discuss the best-case performance of quantum annealers on native spin-glass benchmarks, i.e., how chaos can affect success probabilities. We perform classical parallel-tempering Monte Carlo simulations of the archetypal benchmark problem, an Ising spin glass, on the native chip topology. Using realistic uncorrelated noise models for the D-Wave Two quantum annealer, I study the best-case resilience, or the probability that the ground-state configuration is not affe

关键词： Spin Glass Complex Systems Quantum Computing algorithm development Thesis

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Enhancing bighead carp cutting: Chilled storage insights and machine vision-based segmentation algorithm development

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FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024年 450卷 139280页

作者： Li, Qing Wen, Xinyi Liang, Shijie Sun, Xiaoyue Ma, Huawei Zhang, Yihan Tan, Yuqing Hong, Hui Luo, Yongkang China Agr Univ Coll Food Sci & Nutr Engn Beijing Lab Food Qual & Safety 17 E Qinghua Rd Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Guangxi Acad Fishery Sci ASEAN Key Lab Comprehens Exploitat & Utilizat Aqua Nanning 530021 Peoples R China

To enhance market demand and fish utilization, cutting processing is essential for fish. Bighead carp were cut into four primary cuts: head, dorsal, belly, and tail, collectively accounting for 77.03% of the fish's total weight. These cuts were refrigerated at 4 degrees C for 10 days, during which the muscle from each cut was analyzed. *** proliferated most rapidly and was most abundant in eye muscle (EM), while *** showed similar growth patterns in tail muscle (TM). Notably, EM exhibited the highest rate of fat oxidation. TM experienced the most rapid protein degradation. Furthermore, to facilitate the cutting applied in mechanical processing, a machine vision-based algorithm was developed. This algorithm utilized color threshold and morphological parameters to segment image background and divide bighead carp region. Consequently, each cut of bighead carp had a different storage quality and the machine vision-based algorithm proved effective for processing bighead carp.

关键词： Bighead carp cutting Chilled storage Quality evaluation algorithm development Machine vision

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Remote Contact Learning as Method of Teaching of algorithm development and Programming in Distance Study

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Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2015年 191卷 1958-1963页

作者： Stepan Hubalovsky Faculty of Science. University of Hradec Kralove Rokitanskeho 62 CZ-500 03 Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

The important method of current educational research is system approach, modeling and computer simulation of real systems. Based on author experience, system approach, modeling and simulation (M&S) has been found as one of the suitable method of developing theoretical knowledge in study of algorithm development and programming. The method of system approach, modeling and computer simulation requires contact form of education and can be applied in full time study. The problems arise in distance form of study because of lack of immediate feedback between students and teacher. Drawing on his experience, the author realized research investigation supporting the need of interaction between distance study students and *** results of the research investigation are presented in the paper. Moreover the paper brings possible way of solution of the problems – using the method of Remote contact learning (RCL) as one of the suitable method in distance study of algorithm development and programming. The method is used in learning of programming at University of Hradec Kralove from academic year 2012/13.

关键词： algorithm development programming modeling computer simulation distance learning remote contact learning

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System Approach, Modeling, Simulation as Educational Technologies in algorithm development and Programming

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Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2015年 191卷 2226-2230页

作者： Stepan Hubalovsky Faculty of Science. University of Hradec Kralove Rokitanskeho 62 CZ-500 03 Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

The important method of current educational research is system approach, modeling and computer simulation of real systems and real processes. System approach, modeling and simulation have been found as one of the suitable method of developing theoretical knowledge of algorithm development and programming. The paper presents method of modeling and simulation in simulation of real physical phenomenon of the kinematics of solid bodies. The solution is demonstrated step by step – it starts with the system identification of the physical problem followed by creation of conceptual model. Finally development of computer simulation model is presented. The simulation model is done by programming in MS Excel worksheet, through which the solution and visualization of the problem is reached.

关键词： System approach mathematical model computer simulation algorithm development programming educational technology

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A Data-Driven algorithm to Recommend Initial Clinical Workup for Outpatient Specialty Referral: algorithm development and Validation Using Electronic Health Record Data and Expert Surveys

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JMIR MEDICAL INFORMATICS 2022年第3期10卷 e30104页

作者： Ip, Wui Prahalad, Priya Palma, Jonathan Chen, Jonathan H. Stanford Univ Dept Pediat Sch Med 453 Quarry RdMC 5660 Palo Alto CA 94304 USA Orlando Hlth Winnie Palmer Hosp Women & Babies Neonatol & Perinatal Med Orlando FL USA Stanford Univ Dept Med Sch Med Palo Alto CA 94304 USA Stanford Ctr Biomed Informat Res Stanford CA USA

Background: Millions of people have limited access to specialty care. The problem is exacerbated by ineffective specialty visits due to incomplete prereferral workup, leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment. Existing processes to guide prereferral diagnostic workup are labor-intensive (ie, building a consensus guideline between primary care doctors and specialists) and require the availability of the specialists (ie, electronic consultation). Objective: Using pediatric endocrinology as an example, we develop a recommender algorithm to anticipate patients' initial workup needs at the time of specialty referral and compare it to a reference benchmark using the most common workup orders. We also evaluate the clinical appropriateness of the algorithm recommendations. Methods: Electronic health record data were extracted from 3424 pediatric patients with new outpatient endocrinology referrals at an academic institution from 2015 to 2020. Using item co-occurrence statistics, we predicted the initial workup orders that would be entered by specialists and assessed the recommender's performance in a holdout data set based on what the specialists actually ordered. We surveyed endocrinologists to assess the clinical appropriateness of the predicted orders and to understand the initial workup process. Results: Specialists (n=12) indicated that <50% of new patient referrals arrive with complete initial workup for common referral reasons. The algorithm achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.95 (95% CI 0.95-0.96). Compared to a reference benchmark using the most common orders, precision and recall improved from 37% to 48% (P<.001) and from 27% to 39% (P<.001) for the top 4 recommendations, respectively. The top 4 recommendations generated for common referral conditions (abnormal thyroid studies, obesity, amenorrhea) were considered clinically appropriate the majority of the time by specialists surveyed and practice guidelines reviewed. Conclus

关键词： recommender system electronic health records clinical decision support specialty consultation machine learning EHR algorithm algorithm development algorithm validation automation prediction patient needs

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State-of-the-Art Evidence Retriever for Precision Medicine: algorithm development and Validation

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JMIR MEDICAL INFORMATICS 2022年第12期10卷 e40743页

作者： Jin, Qiao Tan, Chuanqi Chen, Mosha Yan, Ming Zhang, Ningyu Huang, Songfang Liu, Xiaozhong Alibaba Grp Hangzhou Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China Indiana Univ Bloomington Bloomington IN USA Alibaba Grp 969 West Wen Yi Rd Hangzhou 311121 Peoples R China

Background: Under the paradigm of precision medicine (PM), patients with the same disease can receive different personalized therapies according to their clinical and genetic features. These therapies are determined by the totality of all available clinical evidence, including results from case reports, clinical trials, and systematic reviews. However, it is increasingly difficult for physicians to find such evidence from scientific publications, whose size is growing at an unprecedented ***: In this work, we propose the PM-Search system to facilitate the retrieval of clinical literature that contains critical evidence for or against giving specific therapies to certain cancer ***: The PM-Search system combines a baseline retriever that selects document candidates at a large scale and an evidence reranker that finely reorders the candidates based on their evidence quality. The baseline retriever uses query expansion and keyword matching with the ElasticSearch retrieval engine, and the evidence reranker fits pretrained language models to expertResults: The PM-Search system achieved the best performance in the retrieval of high-quality clinical evidence at the Text Retrieval Conference PM Track 2020, outperforming the second-ranking systems by large margins (0.4780 vs 0.4238 for standard normalized discounted cumulative gain at rank 30 and 0.4519 vs 0.4193 for exponential normalized discounted cumulative gainConclusions: We present PM-Search, a state-of-the-art search engine to assist the practicing of evidence-based PM. PM-Search uses a novel Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers for Biomedical Text Mining-based active learning strategy that models evidence quality and improves the model performance. Our analyses show that evidence quality is a distinct aspect from general relevance, and specific modeling of evidence quality beyond general relevance is required for a PM search engine.

关键词： precision medicine evidence-based medicine information retrieval active learning pretrained language models digital health intervention data retrieval big data algorithm development

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SNOW MEASUREMENT USING A DUAL KA-BAND RADAR SYSTEM FOR GPM/DPR algorithm development

SNOW MEASUREMENT USING A DUAL KA-BAND RADAR SYSTEM FOR GPM/D...

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IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

作者： Masanori Nishikawa Haruya Minda Kenji Nakamura Katsuhiro Nakagawa Hiroshi Hanado Yuki Kaneko Sento Nakai Toshiro Kumakura Yasushi Fujiyoshi Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center Nagoya University Department of Economics on Sustainability Dokkyo University National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Earth Observation Research Center Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention Nagaoka University of Technology Institute of Low Temperature Science Hokkaido University

ISBN: (纸本)9781479911127

Both equivalent radar reflectivity factor (Z_e) and specific attenuation (k) in several snow events are measured using a dual Ka-band radar system. Different k-Z_e relations are obtained depending on surface air temperature. When surface air temperature is just above 0 ℃, k-Z_e relations scatter and larger k values than those of rain appear. On the other hand, when surface air temperature is below 0 ℃, both k and Z_e are small and a slight positive trend appears in the k-Z_e relations. The difference of k-Z_e relations can be attributed to the difference of the backscattering and attenuation characteristics between wet and dry snow. To confirm wet/dry snow existences, 2D-video-disdrometer data are analyzed. Velocity-size distributions of wet snow events are different from those of dry snow events. Graupels also show different velocity-size distributions from wet and dry snow particles with different k-Z_e relations.

关键词： Snow Graupel Ka-radar 2D-video-disdrometer GPM/DPR algorithm development Snow graupel land surface temperature Snowfall wetting attenuation characteristic radar backscattering

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A Matlab-Based Home Energy Management algorithm development Toolbox

A Matlab-Based Home Energy Management Algorithm Development ...

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IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting

作者： Xiangqi Zhu Jiahong Yan Lining Dong Ning Lu Electrical & Computer Engineering Department FREEDM Systems Center North Carolina State University

ISBN: (纸本)9781509041695

This paper presents the architecture and modeling approach of a Matlab-based toolbox for developing and testing home energy management (HEM) algorithms under a number of typical operation conditions. This toolbox serves as a developer platform that includes a graphical user interface, a model database, a computational engine, and an input-output database. The model database consists of home appliance models, energy storage models, baseload models, roof-top photovoltaic models, as well as typical weather profiles. The graphical interface allows the users to select different inputs such as utility rate structure, customer comfort settings, solar profiles, and outdoor temperature profiles. The HEM algorithms serve as the computational engines to power the virtual house so that the performance of those algorithms can be evaluated fairly using the same set of inputs and models. Simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the modeling platform when developing HEM algorithms.

关键词： algorithm development Appliance models Baseload database Home energy management (HEM) tool cases geophysical surveys Appliances database models Energy management Domestic architecture algorithms temperature profiles energy storage Database

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