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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm development"

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Efficient object tracking in WAAS data streams

Efficient object tracking in WAAS data streams

引用

Conference on Real-Time Image and Video Processing 2011

作者： Clarke, Trevor R. H. Canosa, Roxanne Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp Boulder CO 80301 USA Rochester Inst Technol Rochester NY 14623 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819484086

Wide area airborne surveillance (WAAS) systems are a new class of remote sensing imagers which have many military and civilian applications. These systems are characterized by long loiter times (extended imaging time over fixed target areas) and large footprint target areas. These characteristics complicate moving object detection and tracking due to the large image size and high number of moving objects. This research evaluates existing object detection and tracking algorithms with WAAS data and provides enhancements to the processing chain which decrease processing time and maintain or increase tracking accuracy. Decreases in processing time are needed to perform real-time or near real-time tracking either on the WAAS sensor platform or in ground station processing centers. Increased tracking accuracy benefits real-time users and forensic (off-line) users.

关键词： Cameras Imaging systems Sensors Detection and tracking algorithms Video algorithm development Image processing Optical flow Unmanned aerial vehicles Video surveillance

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Transform Domain Adaptive Compressive Sensing of Specific Objects

Transform Domain Adaptive Compressive Sensing of Specific Ob...

引用

Conference on Visual Information Processing XX

作者： Mahalanobis, Abhijit Lockheed Martin Missiles & Fire Control Orlando FL 32819 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819486301

We have previously shown in reference [3] that images of particular objects of interest can be recovered from compressive measurements by minimizing a L2-norm criterion that incorporates prior knowledge of the signal such as its expected spectra. The basis in which the signal is reconstructed was also noted to be an important consideration in the formulation of the solution. In this paper, we further improve this technique by representing the image in a multi-scale domain so that select bands of the transform can be adapted to reference signals from other sources, while improving the overall quality of reconstruction of the full image. It is shown by means of an example that the adaptation not only reduces the overall mean square error of the reconstruction, but also helps to correctly resolve features in the high-resolution image that are not accurately reconstructed by the open-loop algorithm.

关键词： Reconstruction algorithms Image compression Imaging systems Principal component analysis Compressed sensing Image resolution Sensors Chemical elements algorithm development Image quality

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Sensor Management for Collision Alert in Orbital Object Tracking

Sensor Management for Collision Alert in Orbital Object Trac...

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Conference on Sensors and Systems for Space Applications IV

作者： Xu, Peiran Chen, Huimin Charalampidis, D. Shen, Dan Chen, Genshe Blasch, Erik Pham, Khanh Univ New Orleans Dept Elect Engn New Orleans LA 70148 USA LLC DCM Res Resources Germantown MD 20874 USA AFRL RYAA Wright Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA AFRL RVSV Kirtland AFB NM 87117 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819486189

Given the increasingly dense environment in both low-earth orbit (LEO) and geostationary orbit (GEO), a sudden change in the trajectory of any existing resident space object (RSO) may cause potential collision damage to space assets. With a constellation of electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) sensor platforms and ground radar surveillance systems, it is important to design optimal estimation algorithms for updating nonlinear object states and allocating sensing resources to effectively avoid collisions among many RSOs. Previous work on RSO collision avoidance often assumes that the maneuver onset time or maneuver motion of the space object is random and the sensor management approach is designed to achieve efficient average coverage of the RSOs. Few attempts have included the inference of an object's intent in the response to an RSO's orbital change. We propose a game theoretic model for sensor selection and assume the worst case intentional collision of an object's orbital change. The intentional collision results from maximal exposure of an RSO's path. The resulting sensor management scheme achieves robust and realistic collision assessment, alerts the impending collisions, and identifies early RSO orbital change with lethal maneuvers. We also consider information sharing among distributed sensors for collision alert and an object's intent identification when an orbital change has been declared. We compare our scheme with the conventional (non-game based) sensor management (SM) scheme using a LEO-to-LEO space surveillance scenario where both the observers and the unannounced and unplanned objects have complete information on the constellation of vulnerable assets. We demonstrate that, with adequate information sharing, the distributed SM method can achieve the performance close to that of centralized SM in identifying unannounced objects and making early warnings to the RSO for potential collision to ensure a proper selection of collision avoidance action.

关键词： Sensors Satellites Digital filtering Nonlinear filtering algorithm development Motion models Collision avoidance Data modeling Picosecond phenomena Surveillance

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Biomimetic fusion that enhances sensor performance in a bimodal surveillance system

Biomimetic fusion that enhances sensor performance in a bimo...

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Conference on Unattended Ground, Sea, and Air Sensor Technologies and Applications XIII

作者： Ziph-Schatzberg, Leah Kelsall, Sarah Hubbard, Allyn E. Boston Univ Photon Ctr 8 St Marys St Boston MA 02215 USA Elect Boat Corp Groton CT 06340 USA Boston Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Boston MA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819486202

algorithms for synergistically fusing acoustic and optical sensory inputs, thereby mimicking biological attentional processes are described. Manual existing perimeter defense surveillance systems using more than one sensory modality combine different sensors' information to corroborate findings by other sensors and to add data from a second modality. In contrast to how conventional systems work, animals use information from multiple sensory inputs in a way that improves each sensory system's performance. We demonstrated that performance is enhanced when information in one modality is used to focus processing in the other modality (a form of attention). This synergistic bi-modal operation improves surveillance efficacy by focusing auditory and visual "attention" on a particular target or location. algorithms for focusing auditory and visual sensors using detection information were developed. These combination algorithms perform "zoom-with-enhanced-acuity" in both the visual and auditory domains, triggered by detection in either domain. Sensory-input processing algorithms focus on specific locations, indicated by at least one of the modalities. This spatially focused processing emulates biological attention-driven focusing. We showed that given information about the target, the acoustic algorithms were able to achieve over 80% correct target detection at signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of -20 dB and above, as compared with similar performance at SNRs of -10 db and above without target information from another modality. Similarly, the visual algorithm achieved performance of over 80% detection with added noise variance of 0.001 without target indication, but maintained 100% detection at added noise variance of 0.05 when acoustic target information was taken into account.

关键词： Detection and tracking algorithms Target detection Sensors Video Visualization algorithm development Signal to noise ratio Cameras Acoustics Visual system

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Improving neuronavigation through workflow and sound feedback and interactive brainshift correction

Improving neuronavigation through workflow and sound feedbac...

引用

Conference on Novel Biophotonic Techniques and Applications

作者： Noordmans, H. J. Woerdeman, P. A. Voormolen, E. H. J. van der Steen, S. van Stralen, M. Univ Med Ctr Utrecht NL-3584 CX Utrecht Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9780819486875

In neurosurgery, navigation is being used to improve surgical orientation by using preoperative images as a roadmap. Skin or bone fiducials couple the image coordinate system to that of the patient's head fixed by the Mayfield clamp. Then the tip of a pointer of another instrument (localization device) can be seen in relation to the image to give the surgeon insight where he/she is in the brain and where the tumor or lesion can be expected in the depth. Drawbacks from current navigation systems are that 1) they only show the actual position of the localization device and thus do not hint whether the surgeon has removed the tumor completely, 2) don't warn when the device is about to hit a critical brain structure, and 3) do not compensate for shifts of the brain during surgery invalidating the pre-operative image data. During the last 5 years we investigated in our hospital whether sound and workflow feedback could improve the surgical resection accuracy and looked how the pre-operative image data could be deformed in real-time using GPU hardware to match the tracked cortical surface to compensate for brain shifts.

关键词： Surgery Brain Tumors Neuroimaging Visualization Bone Nerve algorithm development Navigation systems Magnetic resonance imaging

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Fast Detection of Network Intrusion

Fast Detection of Network Intrusion

引用

Conference on Defense Transformation and Net-Centric Systems

作者： Chen, Xinjia Walker, Ernest Southern Univ Dept Elect Engn Baton Rouge LA 70813 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819486363

In this paper, we propose new network intrusion detection techniques which promptly detect malicious attacks and thus lower the resulting damage. Moreover, our approach rigorously control the probability of falsely implicating benign remote hosts as malicious. Such technique is especially suitable for detecting DoS attackers and port-scan attackers routinely perform random "portscans" of IP addresses to find vulnerable servers to compromise. Our method performs significantly faster and also more accurate than other current solutions.

关键词： Detection and tracking algorithms algorithm development Zinc Scanners Computer intrusion detection Internet Detector development Network security Probability theory Target detection

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Fourier Analysis of Mitochondrial Distribution in Oocytes

Fourier Analysis of Mitochondrial Distribution in Oocytes

引用

Conference on Three-Dimensional and Multidimensional Microscopy - Image Acquisition and Processing XVIII

作者： Hollmann, Joseph L. Brooks, Dana H. Newmark, Judith A. Warner, Carol M. DiMarzio, Charles A. Northeastern Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Dana Res Ctr 409 360 Huntington Ave Boston MA 02115 USA Northeastern Univ Dept Biol Mugar Life Sci 134 Boston MA 02115 USA Compucyte Boston MA 02115 USA Northeastern Univ Dept Mech & Ind Engn Boston MA 02115 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819484413

This paper describes a novel approach to quantifying mitochondrial patterns which are typically described using the qualitative terms "diffuse" "aggregated" and are potentially key indicators for an oocyte's health and survival potential post-implantation. An oocyte was isolated in a confocal image and a coarse grid was superimposed upon it. The spatial spectrum was calculated and an aggregation factor was generated. A classifier for healthy cells was developed and verified. The aggregation factor showed a clear distinction between the healthy and unhealthy oocytes. The ultimate goal is to screen oocytes for viability preimplantation, thus improving the outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments.

关键词： Spatial frequencies Image analysis Confocal microscopy 3D image processing algorithm development MATLAB Digital image correlation Microscopes Microscopy Visualization

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COULOMB'S LAW PARTICLE FLOW FOR NONLINEAR FILTERS

COULOMB'S LAW PARTICLE FLOW FOR NONLINEAR FILTERS

引用

Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets

作者： Daum, Fred Huang, Jim Noushin, Arjang Raytheon Co. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)9780819487476

We have invented a new theory of exact particle flow for nonlinear filters. The flow of particles corresponding to Bayes' rule is computed from the gradient of the solution of Poisson's equation, and it is analogous to Coulomb's law. Our theory is a radical departure from other particle filters in several ways: (1) we compute Bayes' rule using a flow of particles rather than as a pointwise multiplication;(2) we never resample particles;(3) we do not use a proposal density;(4) we do not use importance sampling or any other MCMC algorithm;and (5) our filter is roughly 6 to 8 orders of magnitude faster than standard particle filters for the same accuracy.

关键词： Particles Nonlinear filtering Particle filters algorithm development Convolution Monte Carlo methods Palladium algorithms Diffusion Physics

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Kinetic Parameter Reconstruction for Motion Compensation in Transmission Tomography

Kinetic Parameter Reconstruction for Motion Compensation in ...

引用

Conference on Computational Imaging IX

作者： Yu, Zhou Thibault, Jean-Baptiste Wang, Jiao Bouman, Charles A. Sauer, Ken D. GE Healthcare Technol W-11803000 N Grandview Blvd Waukesha WI 53188 USA Univ Notre Dame Dept Elect Engn Notre Dame IN 46556 USA Purdue Univ Sch Elect Engn W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819484109

Model based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) algorithms have recently been applied to computed tomography and demonstrated superior image quality. This algorithmic framework also provides us the flexibility to incorporate more sophisticated models of the data acquisition process. In this paper, we present the kinetic parameter iterative reconstruction (KPIR) algorithm which estimates voxel values as a function of time in the MBIR framework. We introduce a parametric kinetic model for each voxel, and estimate the kinetic parameters directly from the data. Results on phantom study and clinical data show that the proposed method can significantly reduce motion artifacts in the reconstruction.

关键词： Reconstruction algorithms Motion models Data modeling algorithm development CT reconstruction Image quality Tomography Data acquisition Image analysis Computed tomography

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SPARSE DUAL FRAMES IN COMPRESSED SENSING

SPARSE DUAL FRAMES IN COMPRESSED SENSING

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Conference on Wavelets and Sparsity XIV

作者： Li, Shidong Mi, Tiebin Liu, Yulong San Francisco State Univ Dept Math San Francisco CA 94132 USA Renmin Univ China Sch Informat Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780819487483

A notion of sparse dual frames for a given non-exact frame is introduced. The sparse dual frame is motivated in a study of compressed sensing problems where signal are sparse with respect to a redundant and coherent dictionary (frames). A sparse-dual-based l(1)-analysis is thereby proposed. We show that sparse dual frames are locally stable. An error bound ensuring the correct signal recovery is obtained. More importantly, solutions to very hard problems in compressed sensing with redundant dictionaries that are otherwise completely unsuccessful by known algorithms of l(1)-synthesis and the l(1)-analysis are seen as satisfactory, by the new sparse-dual-based approach and an alternating iterative algorithm that we propose. Examples are provided.

关键词： Compressed sensing Error analysis Associative arrays Atrial fibrillation algorithm development Chemical elements Detection and tracking algorithms Radon Seaborgium Ultraviolet radiation

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